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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
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- from the Greek word “litera” meaning letter - defined as the total of creative, imaginative, durable writings belonging to a given language or people of the past and of the present |
Literature |
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faithfully expresses and reproduces life inan artistic manner by focusing on the“significant human experience” |
Literature |
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writings in which expression and form, inconnection with ideas of permanent anduniversal interest, are characteristic oressential features, as poetry, romance,history, biography, essays, etc. |
Literature |
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accumulating facts about: - literary contexts - dates - authors - names of conventions - literary terms |
knowledge about literature |
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better expressed in termsof pleasure andenjoyment rather than interms of the accumulationof facts, however valuablethose facts maysometimes be |
knowledge of literature |
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retrieve factual information, literal meanings, or thebasic propositions or content of a text |
low-orderquestions |
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involve the learner’s own responses, inferences,knowledge, and experience of the world |
high-orderquestions |
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open to exploration and probing investigation |
open questions |
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require above all an accurate, information-basedresponse |
closed questions |
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focus on the factual contentof a text |
Closed, low-order questions |
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focus on theimaginative or symbolic content of a text or the contextof meaning which it generates |
open, high-order questions |
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- unit of thought expressed in asentence and a group of thoughtsexpressed in a paragraph - does not consider the use ofrhythm - appeals more to our reason andintellect |
Prose |
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- unit of thought expressed in averse and a group of thoughtsexpressed in a stanza - presents regular rhythm (rhymeand meter) - appeals more to our emotions andpassions |
Poetry |
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- composed of works of imaginative narration in prose form - characters and incidents – wholly or partly imaginary |
Types of Prose: Fiction |
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- composed of works of narrative prose dealing with or offering opinions or conjectures upon facts and reality - primary purpose is to disseminate information or express an idea in a direct manner |
Types of Prose: Non-fiction |
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a prose narrative of limited length, usually shorter than a novel |
Short story |
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a fictitious prose narrative of considerable length andcomplexity |
Novel |
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a short tale conveying a moral or a principle of behavior, oftenwith animals or inanimate objects as characters |
Fable |
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a nonhistorical or unverifiable story handed down by traditionfrom earlier times and popularly accepted as historical |
Legend |
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a short allegorical story designed to convey some truth,religious principle, or moral lesson |
Parable |
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a body of myths that belong to particular people or culture andtell about their ancestors, heroes, gods, and othersupernatural beings and history |
Mythology |
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a prose narrative with supernatural and magical event in which there is always a happy ending |
Fairy tale |
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a recorded narrative of past events as relating to aparticular people, country, period, person, etc. |
History |
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a daily record of the writer’s own experiences, activities,observations, attitudes, and feelings |
Diary |
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written or printed communication usually sent by mail |
Letters |
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a short, analytic, descriptive, or interpretive piece of literaryor journalistic prose dealing with a specific theme orsubject |
Essay |
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a written account of another person’s life |
Biography |
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an account of a person’s life written by himself |
Autobiography |
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a lecture or piece of writing describing travels, usuallyillustrated by photographs, exhibited items, etc. |
Travelogue |
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tells a storyfollowing asequence ofevents |
Types of Poetry: Narrative |
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- expresses theemotions andfeelings of a poet - - has the form andmusical quality ofa song |
Types of Poetry: Lyric |
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- presents indialogue orpantomime astory involvingconflict orcontrast ofcharacter - intended to beacted on thestage |
Types of Poetry: Dramatic |
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a majestic poem centered upon a hero, in which aseries of great achievements or events is narratedcontinuously and at length in elevated style |
Kinds of Narrative Poetry: Epic |
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a simple narrative poem of popular origin or traditional style that tells a story in a number of short regular stanzas |
Kinds of Narrative Poetry: Ballad |
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relates real or imaginary events about ordinary people |
Kinds of Narrative Poetry: Metrical Tale |
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centered on adventure which often shows the ideal virtues and the fight between good and evil |
Kinds of Narrative Poetry: Metrical Romance |
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includes all those lyric poems which do not properlybelong to any of the other types of lyric poetry |
Kinds of Lyric Poetry: Simple Lyric |
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yric poem of fourteen lines with a formal rhyme scheme - Shakespearean or English sonnet – divided into three quatrains and a couplet and has a rhyme scheme of abab, cdcd, efef, gg - Petrarchan or Italian sonnet – consists of an octave and a sestet and has a rhyme scheme of abbaabba, cdecde or cdcdcd |
Kinds of Lyric Poetry: Sonnet |
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a short metrical composition intended or adapted forsinging; has a particularly melodious quality |
Kinds of Lyric Poetry: Song |
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a lyric poem typically of elaborate or irregular metricalform and expressive of exalted or enthusiastic emotion |
Kinds of Lyric Poetry: Ode |
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a mournful, melancholy, or plaintive poem, especially afuneral song or a lament for the dead |
Kinds of Lyric Poetry: Elegy |
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a dramatic poem of light and humorouscharacter with a happy or cheerful ending;the central motif is the triumph over adversecircumstance, resulting in a successful orhappy conclusion |
Kinds of Dramatic Poetry: Comedy |
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a dramatic composition dealing with aserious or somber theme, typically that of anoble person whose character is flawed by asingle weakness, as pride, envy, etc., whichcauses him to break a divine law or moralprecept and which leads inevitably to hisdownfall or destruction |
Kinds of Dramatic Poetry: Tragedy |
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Why do we study literature? |
- To benefit from the insights of others - To explore other cultures and beliefs - To appreciate why individuals are the way they are - To expand our grasp of the machinations of history - To exercise our brains - To teach us to see individual bias |
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Why do we study literature? |
- To encourage us to question “accepted” knowledge - To help us see ourselves as others do - To appreciate the contributions it made to history - To see the tragedy - To further our mastery of language - To explore ethical complexities - To recognize language devices and appreciate theiremotional power |
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Why do we study literature? |
- To see the admirable in everyday life - To learn better ways to behave - To know we are not alone - To refine our judgment - To develop empathy for those who are unlike us - To expand our vocabularies - To learn to support our points of view and trust our owninterpretations |
