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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cystitis
etio |
~inflam of urinary bladder
~ascending infec after entry via urinary meatus ~e coli ~infec: ascending ~tumor: descending |
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cystitis
S/S |
~polyuria
~dysuria ~suprapubic tenderness ~pain @ bladder region ~hematuria ~fever ~cloud, foul urine |
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cystitis
meds |
~antimicrobials
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cystitis
NI |
~C&S
~antibiotics ~analgesics |
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cystitis
teaching |
~good perineal care
~avoid bubblebaths ~cotton underwear ~high fluid intake |
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glomerulonephritis
etio |
~inflam dz involving renal glomeruli or both kidneys
~group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infec ~usually hx of pharyngitis or tonsillitis 2-3wks b4 ~when glom is affected, no filtration of blood or protein |
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glomerulonephritis
S/S |
~hematuria
~proteinuria ~fever ~chills ~weakness ~NV ~edema ~oliguria ~hypertension ~HA ~flank pain |
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glomerulonephritis
meds |
~penicillin
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glomerulonephritis
NI |
~protect kidney
~bedrest ~antibiotics ~no Na, fluids ~decr protein (4 elev BUN) |
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nephrotic syndrome
etio |
~clinical dz assoc w/any condition that impairs glomerulus
~chronic glomerulonephritis, DM, systemic LE, toxins, renal vein thrombosis, sickle cell in children |
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nephrotic syndrome
S/S |
~marked proteinuria
~hypoalbuminemia ~edema ~hyperlipidemia |
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nephrotic syndrome
meds |
~diuretics
~steroids ~immunosuppressive agents ~anticoagulants (4 vein thrombosis) |
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nephrotic syndrome
NI |
~bed rest
~preserve renal function ~low Na, high protein, high cal ~protect 4m infect ~I&O ~daily wts |
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urolithiasis
etio |
~stones in urinary system
~men, 30-50yrs ~stones calcium or magnesium w/phosphate or oxalate ~hypercalcemia ~excessive excretion of uric acid |
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urolithiasis
S/S |
~NV
~hematuria ~s/s of UTI ~renal colic pain (stones in ureter) ~dull aching cont pain (stones in kidney) |
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urolithiasis
meds |
~Ca oxalate (no Ca/dairy/cola)
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urolithiasis
NI |
~strain all stones (even f/c)
~fluids (3000cc/day) |
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acute renal failure
etio |
~abrupt reversible cessation of renal function resulting 4m trauma, allergic reaction, kidney stones
~any condition that obstructs renal blood blood |
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acute renal failure
S/S - oliguric phase |
~8-14days sudden onset
~less than 300cc/24hrs ~edema ~elev BUN, creat, K ~decr spec gravity |
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acute renal failure
S/S - diuretic phase |
~14-24days, dilute urine
~1000cc/24hrs ~BUN and creat rise in early stg |
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acute renal failure
S/S - recovery phase |
~up to one year
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acute renal failure
meds |
~kayexalate (PO/enema)
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acute renal failure
NI |
~maintain FE balance
~IV glucose/insulin/Ca carbonate ~oliguric:low prot, high carb, high fat, no K ~diuresis:high prot, high cal, no fluids |
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chronic renal failure
etio |
~progressive failure of kidneys to function which result in death unless hemodialysis or transplant perfored
~irreversible |
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chronic renal failure
stages |
~diminshed renal reserve
~renal insufficiency ~renal failure ~uremia (end stg) |
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chronic renal failure
S/S |
~fatigue
~HA ~GI s/s ~hypertension ~anemia ~edema ~pruritis ~metab acidosis ~labs (high BUN, creat, Na, elec) |
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chronic renal failure
meds |
~alimunum hydroxide
~diuretics |
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chronic renal failure
NI |
~500-600cc fluids replacement
~check 4 s/s of cerebral irritation ~low protein, low K, high carb, low Na ~C/I: azotemia ~dialysis |
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dialysis
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~remove end products of metab
~remove excess fluid 4m blood |
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hemodialysis
etio |
~av fistula
~3hrs ~uses diffusion, osmosis, filtration |
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hemodialysis
NI |
~pre/post wts
~assess bruit/thrills ~prov nutrition |
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hemodialysis
complications |
~arteriosclerotic cardiovascular dz
~intercurrent infection ~anemia ~bleeding ~disordered Ca metab ~chronic ascities ~disequilibrium syndrome 4m rapid FE changes |
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peritoneal dialysis
etio |
~uses peritoneum as dialyzing membrane
~usually short term ~peritoneal catheter put in by MD ~CAPD |
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continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
etio |
~dialyzing method involving almost cont peritoneal contact w/dialysis solution
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continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
procedure |
~perm indwelling cath in2 peritoneum
~fluid infused by gravity |
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continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
complications |
~peritonitis
~rebound tenderness ~bladder perforation ~hypotension ~bowel perforation |
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continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
advantages |
~more independence, able 2 walk around
~free dietary intake ~easy/less expensive |
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urinary tract surgery
NI |
~mon V/S, hemorrhage, shock
~pain control ~daily wts ~fluid replacement ~nephrostomy tube (nvr clamp); irrigate w/order; w/10cc NS |
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benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
etio |
~enlargement of prostate
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benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
S/S |
~diff starting stream
~UTI ~nocturia ~hematuria ~dribbling |
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benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
NI |
~cystoscopy
~prostatectomy ~TURP ~POST:no lifting 6wks ~avoid straining stools ~avoid sex 6wks |
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prostatis
etio |
~inflam of prostate gland
~bacterial infec in urethra/kidneys |
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prostatis
S/S |
~perineal pain/rectum
~lower back ~abd ~penile head |
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prostatis
teaching - acute |
~antimicrobials
~no sex |
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prostatis
teaching - chronic |
~bedrest
~stool softener ~sitz ~analgesia ~no spicy foods, coffee, alcohol ~no prolonged rides ~sex is allowed |
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kidney tansplant
etio |
~4 ESRD
~best match: twin/family |
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kidney transplant
NI |
~PRE:tissue typeing
~immunosuppresive therapy ~hemodialysis w/in 24hrs ~POST:immunosuppressive ~azathioprine (imuran) ~cyclosporine (sandimmune) ~steroids ~mon 4 rejection ~reverse isolation (protective0 |
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kidney transplant
S/S of rejection |
~oliguria
~edema/fever ~tenderness over graft ~FE imbalances ~hypertension ~elev BUN/creat |
