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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 5 types of hernias?
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1.Umbilical
2.Incisional 3.Ventra/Incisional 4.Inguinal 5.Hydrocele |
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What type of hernia involves a tear and penetration through the transversalis fasica?
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Direct Inguinal Hernia
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What type of hernia involves congential penetrance through the inguinal ring?
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Indirect Inguinal Hernia
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What is the most common type of hernia?
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Inguinal Hernia
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On what side of the body does a sliding inguinal hernia often occur?
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Right
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What type of hernia?
-The whole cecum slides down, and part of the bowel wall makes up the hernia sac. |
Sliding Inguinal Hernia
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What is the most common type of hernia in women?
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Indirect Inguinal Hernia
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What type of hernia is seem in F>M?
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Femoral
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Where will a femoral hernia be herniated through?
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Through the empty space, medial to the vein.
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What does the following describe?
A collection of blood (swelling) around the testicles due to congenital persistence. |
Hydrocele
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How is a hydrocele diagnosed?
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Turn off the lights in the room, and the testes "light up like globes" when illuminated.
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With a hydrocele what is a key question to ask the mother?
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Does the swelling change, for example does it get smaller in the morning and bigger in the evening?
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If the fluid levles around the testes change, then what type of hydrocele is it?
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Communicating
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Should a non-communicating hydrocele be treated?
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NO
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What is the risk with a communicating hydrocele?
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Risk of hernia
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Do umbilical hernias get incarcerated?
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NEVER
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If the patient presents as a baby, and has a umbilical hernia, what is the tx?
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Leave them alone, umbilical hernia will resolve once the baby starts to ambulate
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If the patient presents as a child about to begin grade school and still has an umbilical hernia, what should be done?
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Fix hernia b/c it is less likely to go away
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An adult has a small, asymptomatic umbilical hernia. What should be done?
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Leave it alone.
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An adult has a big umbilical hernia that feels like fluid and squishy, what should be done?
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Fix-->means that it is big enough that intestines could get stuck
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How do sports hernias present?
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Pain in groin
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How should a sports hernia be diagnosed?
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Do CT and plain film X-ray to rule out rare fractures.
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What is the best way to diagnose a hernia?
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Clincial Exam
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When examining a patient for a hernia, what must a physician make sure of?
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That the patient is STANDING!!!!!!!!
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In a supine patient, what type of hernia could be missed?
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Incarcerated femoral hernia
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How does an incarcerated femoral hernia present?
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As a tender red lump
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How do symptomatic hernias often present?
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Bulge in the groin, that aches at end of day and is getting bigger
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How must an incarcerated hernia be treated?
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Hernia is stuck, and won't reduce-->then surgically repair it.
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A hernia presenting as acutely incarcerated is as risk for what?
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Strangulation (loss of blood supply)
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How is a direct/indirect inguinal hernia defined?
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By the inferior epigastric vessels
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What type of inguinal hernia?
-Medial to inferior gastric vessles -Defect through transversalis fascia |
Direct Inguinal Hernia
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What type of hernia is defined by the following?
-Lateral to inferior gastric vessels -Hernia sac is stuck to the cord structure |
Inidrect Inguinal Hernia
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What structure may be used to fix a hernia?
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1.Poupart's Ligament
2.Conjoined tendon |
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What 2 structures make up the conjoined tendon?
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Tendon of internal oblique + tendon of transverse abdominus
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Now, how are adult hernias repaired?
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Mesh based-->reinforce area where hernia's occurred.
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What anesthetic is used most of the time for hernia repair?
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General Anesthetic Propofol
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In an infant, do umbilical hernias need repair?
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NO
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In an infant, do inguinal hernia's need repair?
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Yes
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What kind of work-related injury often causes hernias?
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Lifting
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