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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name H2 blockers. |
Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine |
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Cimetidine, famotidine are what type of agents? |
H2 Blockers |
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H2 blockers clinical use? |
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux |
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Used for peptic ulcer, mild esophageal reflux, and gastritis |
H2 Blockers |
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How do H2 blockers work? |
Reversible blockage of h2 histamine receptors causing decreased proton secretion from parietal cells |
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Why is cimetidine toxic? |
Potent inhibitor of cytochrome p-450, anti-androgenic effects, can cross BBB/placenta, decreased creatinine renal excretion |
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Toxic effects of cimetidine? |
Drug interactions, prolactin release, gynaecomastia, impotence, confusion, dizziness, headache |
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Examples of proton pump inhibitors? |
Omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole
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Pantoprazole and lansoprazole are what type of agents? |
Proton pump inhibitors. |
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How do PPIs work? |
Irreversible binding of H+/K+ ATPase in parietal cells of stomach |
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PPIs clinical use? |
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal reflux, ZE syndrome |
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What agents can you use for ZE syndrome? |
PPIs |
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What is the toxicities of PPIs? |
Increased C. difficile infx risk, pneumonia, hip fractures, decreased Mg+ with long term use |
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Bismuth and sucralfate are used for what? |
Increase ulcer healing and traveler's diarrhea |
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These agents can be used for increased ulcer healing and traveler's diarrhea. |
Sucralfate, bismuth |
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How do bismuth and sucralfate work? |
Bind ulcer base, allow HCO3- secretion |
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Clinical use of Misoprostol? |
Prevents peptic ulcers due to NSAIDs. Maintains PDA. Induces labour. |
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Misoprostol mechanism and toxicity? |
PGE1 analog, increase mucous barrier, decrease acid production. Gives diarrhea though...
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Prevents peptic ulcers due to NSAIDs. Maintains PDA. Induces labour. |
Misoprostol |
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Octreotide mechanism and S/Es? |
Long-acting somatostatin analog. Nausea, cramps, steatorrhea |
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Octreotide clinical use? |
Variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, carcinoid tumours |
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Agent used for variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, carcinoid tumours? |
Octreotide |
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Common risk of antacid use? |
Hypokalemia |
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Examples of osmotic laxatives? |
MgOH, Mg citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose |
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MgOH, Mg citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose are what type of drugs? |
Osmotic laxatives |
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Osmotic laxatives MOA? Clinical use? S/Es? |
Draw water out via osmotic load. Constipation, Lactulose also for encephalopathy Diarrhea, dehydration |
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Infliximab is used for what? |
Crohn disease, UC, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis |
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Agent used for crohn disease, UC, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis |
Infliximab |
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Infliximab MOA? |
Monoclonal Ab to TNF-alpha |
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Monoclonal Ab to TNF-alpha? |
Infliximab |
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S/E of Infliximab? |
Infection, fever, hypotension |
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Sulfasalazine clinical use and S/Es? |
UC, Crohn's disease Malaise, nausea, oligospermia |
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Ondansetron is what? |
5-HT3 antagonist; decreases vagal stimulation, anti-emetic |
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Ondansetron clinical use? S/E? |
Control vomiting post-op and in chemo patients Headache, constipation |
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What is metoclopramide? |
D2 receptor antagonist; increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, and motility |
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Clinical use of metoclopramide? |
Diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic |
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Used for diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis |
Metoclopramide |
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This agent is a D2 receptor antagonist. |
Metoclopramide |
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Metoclopramide S/Es? |
Increased parkinsonian effects |
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Increases toxic parkinsonian effects, C/I in patients with small bowel obstruction |
Metoclopramide |
