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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) |
Antiulcer: Antacid To treat hyperacidity, peptic ulcer, and reflux esophagitis; to reduce hyperphosphatemia |
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ranitidine (Zantac) |
Antiulcer: histamine 2 blocker To prevent and treat peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux, and stress ulcers |
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esomeprazole (Nexium) |
Antiulcer: proton pump inhibitor Used in therapy for H. pylori To treat peptic and duodenal ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis, H. pylori, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |
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sucralfate (Carafate) |
Antiulcer: pepsin inhibitor To prevent gastric mucosal injury from drug-induced ulcers (aspirin, NSAIDs); to manage ulcers |
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promethazine (Phenergan) |
Antiemetic: phenothiazine To treat and prevent motion sickness, nausea, and vomiting
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diphenoxylate w/ atropine ( Lomotil) |
Antidiarrheal To treat diarrhea by slowing intestinal motility |
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bisacodyl (Dulcolax) |
Laxative : stimulant Short-term treatment for constipation; bowel preparation for diagnostic tests
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psyllium (Metamucil) |
Laxative: bulk forming To control chronic constipation |
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Vitamin A |
Fat soluable vitamin |
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Vitamin C |
Water-soluble vitamin deficiencies, and to increase wound healing and for burns, preserves integrity of blood vessels |
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iron (Ferrous sulfate) |
Mineral for antianemia |
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Folic Acid (Folate) |
Water-soluble vitamin |
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Potassium |
Electrolyte- strengthens cardiac and muscular activities |
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Calcium |
Electrolyte- prevents osteoporosis |
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Lactated Ringer’s |
isotonic solution and is used to replace water and electrolytes and is often used to replace gastrointestinal losses |
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Hypotonic |
increase interstitial and intracellular hydration |
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Hypertonic |
pull water from the interstitial space into the extracellular fluid |
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Normal osmolality |
is 280 to 300 mOsm/kg |
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recommended daily fluid intake for adults |
30 to 40 mL/kg/day |
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hyponatremic |
s/s: tachycardia and hypotension along with lethargy and muscle weakness |
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Patients with hyponatremia |
may be treated with oral sodium supplements if the patient is able (not vomiting) or if the deficit is mild but intravenous normal saline 0.9% can be given |
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Hypertonic saline |
used for severe hyponatremia with a serum sodium <120 mEq/L Draws water from the cells into ECF by osmosis |
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isotonic solution |
expands ECV (vascular and interstitial) does not enter the cells |
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Patients with a low urine |
should NOT receive IV potassium |
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signs of hyperkalemia |
Oliguria, tachycardia, and abdominal cramping Nurse should request an order for serum electrolytes |
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Fluid volume deficit (FVD) |
will exhibit elevated temperature, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, and cool, clammy skin |
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Fluid volume excess (FVE) |
will have bounding pulses, elevated blood pressure, dyspnea, and crackles |
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Fluid maintenance needs for the NPO patient |
4 mL/kg/h for the first 10 kg of weight, 2 mL/kg/h for the second 10 kg of weight, and 1 mL/kg/h for every kg of weight thereafter. |
