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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are characteristics of an Ideal Gas?
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An ideal gas or perfect gas is a hypothetical gas consisting of identical particles of zero volume, with no intermolecular forces, where the constituent atoms or molecules undergo perfectly elastic collisions with the walls of the container and each other and are in constant random motion. Real gases do not behave according to these exact properties, although the approximation is often good enough to describe real gases.
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These four properties that constitute an ideal gas can be easily remembered by the acronym PRIE, which stands for;
- Point masses (molecules occupy no volume) - Random Motion (molecules are in constant random motion) - Intermolecular forces (there are NO intermolecular forces between the particles) - Elastic collisions (the collisions involving the gas molecules are totally elastic) |
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What is the ideal gas law?
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P is the absolute pressure of the gas,
V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature. |
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What are some values of R?
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R = 8.314472 kPa·L·mol^-1·K^-1
= 0.08205784 L·atm·K^-1·mol^−1 |
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How to convert between units of pressure?
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1 atm = 760 mmHg = 101.3 kPa = 1.013 bar
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What is Boyle's Law?
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P1 . V1 = P2 . V2
(AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE) |
Think bicycle pump. As volume inside the pump decreases, what happens to the pressure on the tire?
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What is Charles's Law?
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V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
(AT CONSTANT PRESSURE) |
As temperature changes, how does the distance between the molecules change (consequently volume)?
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What is General Gas Law?
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P1 . V1 / T1 = P2 . V2 / T2
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Combination of all other gas laws.
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What is Avogadro's Hypothesis?
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The volume of a gas at a given temperature and pressure is directly proportional to the amount of gas in moles.
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Ammonia can be made directly from the elements:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) => 2 NH3(g) If you begin with 15.0L of H2, what volume of N2 is required for complete reaction? T and P are constant. |
15.0 L H2 . (1 L N2/3 L H2) = 5.00 L N2
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How is density defined as?
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Density is mass divided by the volume. When substituting in with the ideal gas law we get: d = PM/RT
M: molar mass |
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What is the amount of any compound given by?
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mass (m)/molar mass (M)
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Define STP. At what values does it occur?
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Standard Temperature and Pressure occurs at 273.15 K and 1 atm.
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What is the Standard Molar Volume?
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At STP, 1 mol of gas occupies 22.4 L.
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What is partial pressure?
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It is the pressure of each individual gas in a container.
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What is Dalton's Law?
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Total pressure equals sum of partial pressures.
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 + ... |
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What quantities are needed to describe a gas?
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Pressure (P, atm;mmHg;kPa)
Volume (V, L) Temperature (T, K) Amount (n, mol) |
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