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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are ganglionic blockers?
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Cholinergic NICOTINIC receptor antagonists
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Where do the ganglionic blockers act?
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Sympathetic ganglia
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What is the one ganglionic drug?
What is another possible drug? |
Trimethaphan
Mecamlyamine (used for Tourette's syndrome) = "orphan drug" |
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Why have these drugs been replaced in their use for hypertension?
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Have been replaced be more specific drugs with less "global" effects upon the ANS.
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What is the neurotransmitter in sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia?
What does it bind to? |
Acetylcholine
Cholinergic nicotinic receptors on the post-ganglionic membrane |
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Administration of ganglionic blocker can have what general effects?
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Global effects due to acetylcholine/cholinergic nicotinic receptors being involved with both the sympathetic and parasympathetic components of the ANS
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What can be modulated through a number of additional signaling pathways involving cholinergic, peptidergic, catecholemine amino acid receptor systems?
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Post-ganglionic signal
Modulate how soon the responsiveness of post synaptic membrane can be restore This prevents hyper polarization of post synaptic membrane by arrival of multiple signals in a short amount of time. |
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Which sites are innervated by sympathetic (adrenergic) tone?
Which site is parasympathetic? |
Arterioles and veins
Heart |
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What is the effect of sympathetic GANGLIONIC BLOCKING on the arterioles?
Veins (GANGLIONIC BLOCKING)? |
Arterioles = vasodilation, increased peripheral flow; hypotension
Veins = dilation, peripheral pooling of blood, decreased venous return, decreased cardiac output |
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What is the effect of parasympathetic GANGLIONIC BLOCKING activity on the heart?
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Tachycardia
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What does binding of nicotinic receptor lead to? Location?
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Opening of Na+, K+ channels, depolarization
Postganglionic neurons, some presynaptic cholinergic terminals INITIAL EPSP IS BLOCKED AND GANGLIONIC TRANSMISSION IS INHIBITED |
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What doe ganglionic blockers compete with?
What appears to block the channel after it opens? |
Ach for ganglionic nicotinic receptor
Hexamethonium |
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What are the adverse effects of ganglionic blockers?
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Loss of parasympathetic AND sympathetic tone throughout
Postural hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias |
