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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The ___ rib attaches to the sternal angle
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2nd
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The costodiaphragmatic recess is the most inferior part of pleural sac & references TWO parts of parietal pleura, ______ & _____.
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Costal & diaphragmatic
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The fibrous covering of the pericardium is also called the _________.
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fibrous pericardium
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If you introduce air into the pleural sac, _____ will occur. This is also called ________a lung.
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compression of the lung--turns into the size of closed fist.
Dropping |
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The point at which one part of the parietal pleura turns abruptly towards another direction as it covers another part of wall of pulm. cavity is called __________.
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pleural reflection
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The ____ (cervical portion of parietal pleura) covers the ___ of the lung.
The apex lies _cm superior to medial 1/3rd of clavicle. |
CUPOLA,
APEX, 3cm |
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Between ribs __ -__, the pleural cavities are closer to eachother anteriorly. This means that _________ could spread.
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2-4;
pleurisy (inflamation of the pleura)...given contiguous nature of the two pleural sacs |
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The cardiac notch of the pleura is located at the __ costal cartilage.
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4th, between ribs 4 & 6
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The ___________ angle represents an area where the pleura dips inferior to ribs.
What is the clinical significance of this? |
RIGHT infrasternal;
surgically entering r. infrasternal angle can cut pleura (it sometimes extends inferior to r. costal margin) and introduce blood, bacteria, etc into pl. sac. |
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If a line is dropped at mid-clavicular line, the level of rib __ you will find the pleura.
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8
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At the mid-axillary line, the border of the pleural cavity lies at rib ___, and the lung lies __ intercostal spaces superior.
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10;
2 (at rib 8) |
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The mid-axillary line is a common space to access pleura for a ______________. Between ribs __-__ is a great place to do it. This area is also the _____________.
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thoracocentesis;
8-9; costodiaphragmatic recess |
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Posteriorly, the pleural border is at rib ___ at the scapular line.
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12
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Posteriorly, the lung's (inferior border) lies ______.
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2 intercostal spaces above 12th rib (around 10th rib)
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At the ___________ angles a surgeon might also puncture the pleural cavity because the pleura could dip below rib cage.
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costovertebral angles
(important whe operating on kidneys or other structure near pleura) |
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The 3 spaces that the pleura can dip below the rib cage are____, ____, & ___.
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left and right costovertebral angles (posterior),
right infrasternal angle (anterior) |
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The horizontal fissure (on ___ lung), lies at level of rib ___ anteriorly.
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(RIGHT);
4 (lies deep to 4th costal cartilage) |
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The oblique fissure lies anterorryl ath the level of the ____ costal-chondral junction.
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6th
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The location of the cardiac notch is clinically important because _______.
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one can perform pericardiocentesis of pericardial sac without going through pleura (due to the notch)
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The terminal thoracic (part of internal thoracic) artery terminates in the musculophrenic a. It also gives rise to _______.
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superior epigastric a. (more important of the branches)
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THe ____ fissure diveds the upper and lower lobes.
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OBLIQUE (major)
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The ______ fissure (on right lung) divides the superior lobe into the superior lobe proper and the _____ lobe.
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HORIZONTAL (minor);
middle lobe |
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THe _____ prevent the trachea from collapsing. There are ________ of these.
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cartilaginous rings;
18-20 |
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Primary bronchi are also known as ___________.
Secondary bronchi are also known as ___________. |
main bronchi;
lobar bronchi (b/c they go into each lobe) |
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An important point is that the cartilaginous rings of the trachea do not close posteriorly. WHy is this clinically significant?
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If you are intubating and pass through smooth muscle of posterior portion of trachea, you can punture esophagus and introduce air into stomach.
Vice-versa with gastric tube entering trachea. |
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The angle between the parts of the main bronchi is the ______. It is important because it indicates ________.
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carina;
biforcation |
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Inferior to the carina, the _________ almost completely disappears.
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cough reflex fibers
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_______ can cause enlargement or deviation of the carina.
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Cancer forming a blockage of the right main bronchus
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