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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Leif Eriksson
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Norwegian explorer, son of Erik the Red, was first European to explore the Americas |
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Henry the Navigator
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King of Portugal who established a school of navigation and financed trips of exploration |
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astrolabe
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a device that enabled navigators to learn their ship’s location by charting the position of the stars |
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caravels
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ships that used triangular sails to sail against the wind, and had rudders to improve steering |
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effect
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the result of an action or decision |
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Christopher Columbus
(proper noun) |
Italian explorer who reached the so-called New World in 1492 |
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Line of Demarcation
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boundary between Spanish and Portuguese territories in the New World |
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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a treaty between Spain and Portugal that moved the Line of Demarcation |
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Ferdinand Magellan
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a Portuguese captain who sailed west to Asia across the “Southern Ocean” |
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circumnavigation
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to travel all the way around the globe |
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Columbian Exchange
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the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the “New World” and the “Old World”
Hint: This transfer resulted from Columbus’s explorations. |
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conquistadores
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soldiers who led military missions in the Americas |
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Hernán Cortés
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a conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire |
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Moctezuma II
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king of the Aztec Empire |
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Francisco Pizarro
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a conquistador who conquered the Inca Empire |
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Junípero Serra
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a missionary (religious teacher) who traveled to California to spread Christianity |
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encomienda system
(noun) |
a Spanish system that allowed settlers to tax local Native Americans or make them work |
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Bartolomé de Las Casas
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a Spanish priest who defended American Indians’ rights |
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plantations
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large farms that grew just one kind of crop and made huge profits
Hint: How many crops should I plant this year? |
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Protestant Reformation
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a religious movement that began as an effort to reform (change) the Catholic Church |
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Protestants
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people who protested the Catholic Church’s practices |
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printing press
(noun) |
a machine that produces printed copies |
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Spanish Armada
(proper noun) |
a huge fleet of warships sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England |
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Northwest Passage
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a nonexistent path through North America that early explorers searched for that would allow ships to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean |
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Jacques Cartier
(proper noun) |
French sailor and explorer who made three voyages to Canada |
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charter
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an official document that gives a person the right to establish a colony |
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immune
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having a natural resistance to a disease |
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Middle Passage
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a voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies |
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African Diaspora
(proper noun) |
the population of displaced Africans and their descendents around the world |
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structure
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the way something is set up or organized |
