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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Newton's 1st law |
an object will continue in uniform motion or remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force |
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Newton's 2nd law |
the resultant force acting on an object is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum, and in the same direction |
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Newton's 3rd Law |
if body A exerts a force on body B, body B will exert an equal and opposite force on body A |
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linear momentum |
the product of an object's mass and velocity |
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impulse |
the product of the force acting on an object and the time for which it acts |
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principle of conservation of momentum |
if objects collide, the total momentum before the collision is the same as the total momentum after the collision, provided no external force acts on the system |
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elastic collision |
a collision with no change in KE |
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inelastic collision |
a collision where momentum is conserved, but some KE is lost |
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coalescence |
an inelastic collision where objects stick together after colliding |
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1 Radian |
the angle subtended at the centre of a circle when the arc length is equal to the radius |
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angular displacement |
the angle through which an object moves in a cirlce |
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angular velocity |
the angle an object rotates through per second |
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centripetal force |
the net force acting on an object moving in a circle |
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centripetal acceleration |
acceleration of an object acting towards the centre of the circular line of motion |
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Frequency (Circular motion) |
the number of complete rotations per second |
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Period (Circular motion) |
the time taken for one complete revolution |
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gravitational field |
a region of space where a mass feels a force due to another mass |
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gravitational field strength |
the gravitational force per unit area |
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Newton's law of gravitation |
the size of the force of gravity between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them |
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Kepler's 3rd law |
the squares of the orbital periods of planets are directly proportional to the cubes of the radii of their orbits |
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Brownian motion |
constant, random motion |
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pressure |
the force per unit area |
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internal energy |
the sum of kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a substance |
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specific heat capacity |
the amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree |
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latent heat |
the energy needed to pull molecules apart when a substance melts or boils |
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latent heat of fusion |
Solid to liquid |
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latent heat of vapourisation |
liquid to gas |
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Boyle's law |
for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, pressure multiplied by volume is constant |
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Ideal gas |
a gas where the mean KE is directly proportional to the temperature of gas (in Kelvin)
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