Fxn Neuro Lec 33 - Cerebral Cortex: Sensory Fxn

Front 1

What are the two major cell type in the cerebral cortex?

Back 1

Granule cells and Pyramidal Cells

Front 2

These are the major recipient or "sensory" cells of the cerebral cortex?

Back 2

Granule cells

Front 3

These are the major output or "motor" cells of the cerbral cortex?

Back 3

Pyramidal Cells

Front 4

What are the four different schemes used to create cytoarchitectural division in the cerebral cortex?

Back 4

Distribution of various cell types; Cortical thickness; Pattern of Myelination; Cortical Laminar Pattern

Front 5

This division of the cortex (which is created by the presence/absence of granule cells) typifies motor cortical areas and is rich in pyramidal cells?

Back 5

Agranular

Front 6

Where can granular cortex of the cerebral be found?

Back 6

Primary sensory regions (visual, somatosensory, auditory); Areas rich in granule cells

Front 7

These areas are divisions of the cerebral cortex which uese cell packing, density, and thickness throughout the cortex to divide it into numbered areas?

Back 7

Brodmann's Areas

Front 8

How many major layers exist in the cerebral cortex?

Back 8

6

Front 9

Which layer is deeper, 1 or 4?

Back 9

4

Front 10

This layer is also called the molecular layer due to the very small amount of granule cells. And it contains fibers from afferent, so-called modulatory systems?

Back 10

Layer 1

Front 11

Which two layers send and receive information to and from other cortical regions?

Back 11

2 and 3

Front 12

This layer is the primary recipient zone of the cortex and recieves information from the thalamus?

Back 12

Layer 4

Front 13

This layer contains larger pyramidal cells and gives rise to fibers that project out of the cortex mostly to the spinal cord and brain stem, but also to the striatum?

Back 13

Layer 5

Front 14

This layer is often called multiform and has outgoing projections primarily to the thalamus?

Back 14

Layer 6

Front 15

This cortex is typical of regions dealing with higher cerebral functions (association areas of the cortex)…(homotypical or Heterotypical)?

Back 15

Homotypical

Front 16

Sensory cortex is usually characterized as (homotypical or Heterotypical) because the recipient zones are enlarged and it becomes harder to distinguish between the layers

Back 16

Heterotypical

Front 17

The somatosensory cortex is comprised of cytoarchitectonic areas of?

Back 17

3,1,and 2

Front 18

Somatosensory cortex recieves information from which nuclei of the thalamus?

Back 18

VPLc and VPM

Front 19

What kind of information doe the areas 3b and 1 of the somatosensory cortex receive?

Back 19

Cutaneous, discriminative touch

Front 20

What kind of information do the areas 3a and 2 of the somatosensory cortex receive?

Back 20

Deep tissue and joint input

Front 21

Which gyrus is the somatosensory cortex located on?

Back 21

Post-central Gyrus

Front 22

In the somatosensory cortex (and other primary cortex), how is information of sensation, reseptive fields, and other inputs organized?

Back 22

Columns

Front 23

In the somatosensory cortex, what is represented most medialy (which body parts)?

Back 23

Foot and lower extremity

Front 24

Devotion of a larger cortical surface represents body parts which have a (lower or higher) innervation density?

Back 24

Higher

Front 25

Where is the somatosensory area 2 located?

Back 25

in the superior bank of the lateral fissure, adjacent to the SI face representation

Front 26

Somatosensory Area 2 recieves information from what?

Back 26

S1 and thalamus

Front 27

Body parts represented in S2 have a unilateral or bilateral representation?

Back 27

Bilateral

Front 28

What are S1 and S2 most involved with in pain sensation?

Back 28

localization and discerning the intensity of painful stimuli

Front 29

What are the rostral insula and rostral cingulat cortex do in pain sensation?

Back 29

They have a role in the affective and reactive components of pain

Front 30

The auditory cortex recieves input from what?

Back 30

MGB

Front 31

Which gyri is the auditory cortex found?

Back 31

Transverse gyri of Heschl

Front 32

Which frequencies of sound are represented anterior and lateral in the auditory cortex (low or high)?

Back 32

Low

Front 33

Responses in the auditory cortex are evoked predominantly by the (ipsilateral, contralateral, both, neither) ears?

Back 33

Predominantly contralateral

Front 34

Pyramidal and granule cells are generally (inhibitory or excitatory) in the cerebral cortex?

Back 34

Excitatory

Front 35

What do Ach and NoE do in during development?

Back 35

Play a role in normal development of the functional properties of neurons

Front 36

What do Ach and NoE do for the Adult in theCerebral Cortex?

Back 36

Increase signal to noise ration and in normal modulation of neural response

Front 37

This neurotransmitter from the locus ceruleus may play a role in cortical activation?

Back 37

Noradrenergic Input

Front 38

Raphe neurons of the mesencephalon and pons release this neurotransmitter and play a role in pain control and sleep?

Back 38

Serotonin

Front 39

This inhibitory neurotransmitter probably plays a role in sharpening of sensory information processing?

Back 39

GABA