Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
161 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What happened during the 20th century in Alsace? |
Hybrids were replaced to quality grapes. |
|
|
How does the Vosges Mountains affect Alsace? |
Creates an shadow effect. More sun almost no rain. |
|
|
How many soils does Alsace have? |
13 |
|
|
Which are de primary grapes in Alsace |
Riesling Gewurztraminer Pinit Gris Muscat Pinot blanc Pinot noir Sylvaner |
|
|
What german influences prevailed in alsace? |
Label tradition - grape Flute bottles Riesling Quality grapes (removal of hybrids) |
|
|
What is a Gentil wine? |
Blend noble + other grapes. Vinifed separately. Vintage on label |
|
|
What is a edelzwicker wine? |
Blend of grapes Vinifed together or separate. |
|
|
What are vendage tardive wines? |
Late harvest |
|
|
Pinot blanc label in alsace. What does it mean ? |
pinot blanc / auxerrois blanc. 100% varietal or blend |
|
|
What does a labeled Pinot d'Alsace or Klevner mean? |
Pinot blanc / pinot noir / pinot gris / auxerrois blanc. 100 % varietal or blend |
|
|
What is the total production of whites in alsace? |
90% |
|
|
How many IGP are in Alsace |
None. All AOC |
|
|
Total number of AOC in alsace |
53 |
|
|
In what town of Champagne where kings crowned ? |
REIMS |
|
|
What is echelle crus? |
Ranks wine villages based on price fixing. Scale from 80 -100% Established in 1911 |
|
|
Which are the traditional grapes? |
Gouais (vins de la montagne) Fromentau (vins de riviere) Petit Meslier (Gouais blanc x savagnin) |
|
|
Which is the highest planted grape in Champagne? |
Pinot Noir |
|
|
Name the production method of Champagne |
1. Harvest & press. 2. 1 fermentation (separately ) 3. Assemblage : blend 4. Liqueur di tirage: adding yeast + sugar 5. Sur lattes: storage on wood slats 6. Prise de mouse: 2 ferm (4.9-6 atm) 7. Sur lie : 12 for nv- 18 for v 8. Remuage : riddling 9. Disgorgment: (a la volee= by hand) 10. Liqueur d'expedition/dosage 11. Bottle and Cork |
|
|
Sweetness level in champagne/sparkling (%) |
Brut nature 0-0.3 Extra brut 0.3- 0.6 Brut 0.6 -1.2 Extra dry 1.2 -1.7 Dry 1.7 -3.2 Demi sec 3.2 - 5 Doux +5 |
|
|
Name of the bottle sizes |
Magnum 2 Jeronoan 4 Rehoboan 6 Methuselah 8 Salmenazar 12 Balthazar 16 Nebuchadnezzar 20 |
|
|
What does tete de cuvee means? |
Prestige bottling in Champagne |
|
|
How do you determine the quality of Champagne |
Size of the bubbles Consistency of mousse Quality of flavor Lenght of finish |
|
|
Are Bourgogne soils alluvial or colluvial? |
Colluvial! From slope wash |
|
|
Explain Paris Basin |
Elliptical plates on top of each other from youngest to oldest |
|
|
Which is the only region in Bourgogne where granite and schits appear? |
Maconnais |
|
|
Difference between north and south Beaujolais soils |
North - granite / schist South - sandy / limestone |
|
|
What is Pierres Dorrees |
Yellow soils in south Beaujolais |
|
|
Where do you find best sites of Beaujolais? |
In mountains in north |
|
|
What differs cote de brouilly? |
It can add up to 15% other grapes. (Black and white) |
|
|
How many AOC does Beaujolais have? |
12 |
|
|
What is the production method for sparkling sweet rose in Beaujolais? |
Methode ancestrale |
|
|
Where does the Rhone River begins and ends? |
Begins in Switzerland, empties in the Mediterranean |
|
|
Which grapes are natives of Rhone? |
Syrah and Viognier |
|
|
What changed when phylloxera attacked? In rhone |
Less mouvedre |
|
|
From where to where is the Rhone Valley ? |
From vienne to nimes |
|
|
From where to where is the Cote du Rhone ? |
From Vienne to Avignon |
|
|
Name the borders of the Rhone |
North - Lyon South- Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence East - pre Alps West - Massif Central |
|
|
What limitations in grapes does cotes du rhone AOC have? |
North: 100% syrah Gamay: 40% grenache
Refers to vineyard! ! |
|
|
In cote du rhone village aoc, what percentage of grenache is min approved? |
50% |
|
|
Name the 2 VDN of rhone |
Muscat de Beaumes de venise Rasteau |
|
|
What is the term for a rasteau reductive red and a rasteau oxidative red? |
Reductive: grenant Oxidative: tuile |
|
|
% of residual sugar on VDN rhone? |
11% |
|
|
What is Echalas? |
Tipi fashion sticks for support and wind protection. Trellis |
|
|
What style predominant in Diosis? |
Sparkling |
|
|
Soil types of southern rhone |
Galets Shingle clay Limestone Red sandstone Loess |
|
|
How many grapes are allowed in southern Rhone? |
27 |
|
|
How are vines trained in southern Rhone? |
Low to the ground (gobelet) and spaced out. Due to the Mistral and lack of water. |
|
|
Where is the Jura located? |
Mountains between burgundy and Switzerland |
|
|
Climate of Jura |
Continental with apline influence |
|
|
Where do most vineyards lie in Jura region? |
Broken slopes at 200 - 400 meters elevation |
|
|
What is Ullage? |
Aging style in Jura. Oxygen enters, surface yeast like sherry |
|
|
Describe vin jaune |
Savagnin blanc, with ullage aged 6 years and 3 months. It reduces to 620 ml. |
|
|
What are clavelins |
Bottles of 620ml for vin de jaune |
|
|
Where is vin de jaune produced |
Jura. Arbois, Letoile & cotes de Jura |
|
|
Describe Vin de Paille |
Straw wine. Dried naturally sweet wine. Aged 3 years in barrel Chard, poulsard or savagnin |
|
|
Grapes used in vin de jaune |
Savagnin blanc |
|
|
Grapes used for vin de paille |
Chardonnay Poulsard Savagnin blanc |
|
|
Which region is the #1 volume AOC producer? |
Bordeaux |
|
|
Which grape dominates in Bordeaux? |
Merlot |
|
|
What are Les Landes? |
Man made Pine Forest |
|
|
Warm soils in Bordeaux? |
Sand and gravel |
|
|
Cold soils of Bordeaux |
Clay and limestone |
|
|
Primary white grapes of Bordeaux |
Semillon. Sauvignon Blanc. Muscadelle. |
|
|
Secondary grapes in Bordeaux |
Ugni. Colombard. Merlot blanc. Chenin. Ondenc. Mauzac. Folle Blanche. |
|
|
What are clairet wines? |
Semi-reds made vie Saignee in Bordeaux |
|
|
How long does a Cremant stay on its lees? |
9 months |
|
|
Which styles does generic bordeaux aoc includes? |
All but sweet. |
|
|
What is a bordeaux superior aoc? |
An aoc in which reds are aged 9 months. Whites are semi-sweet. |
|
|
What is Moelleux? |
Semi-sweet |
|
|
What is the river on the left bank of Bordeaux? |
Garonne |
|
|
What grape dominates de left bank of Bordeaux? |
Cabernet Sauvignon |
|
|
Where were the first vineyard of Bordeaux planted? |
Graves |
|
|
Is pessac-leognan part of graves? |
No. Independent AOC since 1987 |
|
|
What differs Graves classification from the others of the left bank? |
It ranks the wines Not the states |
|
|
From what AOC is Grand Cru Classe de Graves? |
Pessac-leognan |
|
|
Which are the 4 classifications of the left bank? |
1855. Cru Bourgeois. Cru Artisans. Graves Classification. |
|
|
In 1855 classification, how are sweet wines classified? |
Premier cru Superieur. 1er growth. 2nd growth. |
|
|
What is the classification in the right bank? |
St Emilion classification |
|
|
Which classification on Bordeaux had a controversy on 2006? |
St emilion. |
|
|
Name the quality toers of St Emilion classification. |
Bottom: grand clus classes. Middle: Premier grand cru classes B. Highest: Premier grand cru classes A. |
|
|
Where is located the right bank of Bordeaux? |
East of the Gironde and Dordogne |
|
|
where is Entre-deux-mers located in Bordeaux? |
Between garonne and Dordogne |
|
|
What is the difference between liquoreux and Moelleux? |
Liquoreux must have botrytis, Moelleux is late harvest. |
|
|
Soils in Pomerol |
Iron rich clay |
|
|
Highest point on the Medoc |
Listrac |
|
|
Which is the least populated region in France? |
Southwest France |
|
|
Who ruled before France in southwest? |
England |
|
|
Borders of Southwest France |
North - Bordeaux . South - Pyranees/ Spanish border. East - Massif Central. West - Atlantic Ocean. |
|
|
Which region is located within Gascony? |
Southwest France |
|
|
Sub regions of Gascony |
Bergerac & Dordgone River. Garonne and Tarn. Lot River. Pyrenees. |
|
|
Climate of Garonne-Tarn/Lot |
Mediterranean with Atlantic influence |
|
|
Pyranean Foothills climate |
Maritime with Alpine influence. |
|
|
What effects does the Pyranees have? |
Ensures cool nights and rain-shadow effect |
|
|
Berberac and Dordogne climate |
Oceanic influence. Slight warmer than bordeaux |
|
|
Grapes used in Bergerac Sec |
Bdx + ondenc, chenin blanc, ugni blanc |
|
|
Grapes used in Bergerac |
Bdx + fer , merille |
|
|
Grapes in Gaillac Aoc |
Syrah, Duras, Fer, Pruneland noir |
|
|
Grape used in sparkling Gaillac ancestrale method |
100 Mauzac |
|
|
Grape and soils used in Fronton |
Negrette on rougets (iron soils) |
|
|
Predominant grape in Cahors |
70% malbec |
|
|
What is predominant grape in Marcillac |
Fer Servadou |
|
|
Southernmost of Pyranees |
Irouleguy |
|
|
Grape most used in Madiran |
Tannat |
|
|
Grapes used in juracon |
Petit and gros manseng |
|
|
Where are the highest number of organic producers located in France? |
In Languedoc. |
|
|
Which AOC does not make liquoreux wine? Cerons. Barsac. Sauternes. Pessac-leognan. |
Pessac-leognan |
|
|
What soils have all the cotes de Bordeaux? |
Clay and limestone |
|
|
What are the 2 main grapes in cotes de Bordeaux? |
Merlot and Cab franc. |
|
|
Cotes de Castillon is AOC for red only. True or False |
True. |
|
|
What are the PC and GC of Saint Roman? |
It has no PC nor GC |
|
|
Where is the GC Bonnes de Mares found? (Bourgogne ) |
Chambolle Musigny |
|
|
Where is the GC Clos de Beze found? ( Bourgogne ) |
Gevry Chambertin |
|
|
What Bourgogne commune was once part of Beaujolais? |
St. Verán. |
|
|
Name Beaujolais climate |
Continental with mediterranean influence |
|
|
What soil type predominant in Beaujolais? |
Limestone and clay. |
|
|
What % comprises gamay in planting of Beaujolais? |
98 |
|
|
How many Beaujolais crus are there? |
10 |
|
|
Climate of savoie |
Alpine |
|
|
Grape of Muscat de Beaumes de venise. |
Muscat a Petit Grains Blanc |
|
|
Which S Rhone AOC is referred to as 'gravel dessert' |
La costiere de Bellegarde |
|
|
Which is the coolest AOC Southern Rhone. receives the most rain |
Cotes de vivarais |
|
|
Cremant d'Alsace is primarily made of... |
Pinot Blanc |
|
|
Style of GC Alsace. |
Dry. |
|
|
In which century did the first Champagne houses appear? |
18th |
|
|
Alsace AOC is still or sparkling. True or False |
False |
|
|
Yield in GC is half of alsace AOC. True or False |
True |
|
|
What does NM mean? (Champagne ) |
Champagne producer that pirchases grapes from others. |
|
|
Most planted grape in Jura |
Chardonnay |
|
|
Dominant soils in Jura |
Shale, limestone and clay |
|
|
#1 for white wine production |
Loire Valley |
|
|
How many years did the British influence France? |
300. |
|
|
Who was the one that encourage independence? Cradle of modern France. |
Joan of Arc |
|
|
Golden age of Loire |
16 - 17th century |
|
|
Who encourage plantings of white wine in Loire. |
The Dutch. |
|
|
How did the railway expansion affected loire valley ? |
Competition from south |
|
|
Name the 3 districts of Loire Valley |
Lower Loire. Middle Loire. Upper Loire. |
|
|
Main soil in Lower Loire. |
Volcanic Soils. (Gneiss =minerality) |
|
|
Type of climate in middle loire |
Dual climate. Maritimr/continental |
|
|
Type of soil in Anjou |
Schist/volcanic |
|
|
Type of soil in Saumur |
Limestone /sand |
|
|
What is Saumur best known for? |
Sparkling. Fine Bulles |
|
|
Diferrence between Rose d'Anjou and Rose de Loire AOC |
Rose de Loire is always dry. Rose d'Anjou is off dry. Min 0.7% RS |
|
|
Upper Loire climate. |
Continental |
|
|
Soils in Upper Loire |
Terres Blanches 》 marl oyster. Caillottes 》 limestone pebbles. Silex. |
|
|
What is passerillage? |
Dried grapes on vine. |
|
|
Grape used to make sweet wines in Loire |
Chenin Blanc |
|
|
Historically planted grape before phylloxera in upper loire |
Chasselas. Didnt graft well. |
|
|
Departments of the Languedoc |
Lozere. Gard. Herault. Aude. |
|
|
2 winds of Languedoc. |
Tramontane. Mistral. |
|
|
Soil type of Languedoc |
Complex mix of very old and very new. |
|
|
What is garrique? |
Poor limestone that only supports herbs |
|
|
Which region in france in 75% production via cooperative? |
Rousillon |
|
|
Which region makes 80% of French VDN? |
Rousillon |
|
|
How manh winds does Rousillon expirience? |
8. |
|
|
3 rivers of Rousillon |
Agly. Tet. Tech. |
|
|
Soil type of Rousillon. |
Iron rich Red clay. Rousse. |
|
|
What is the max % harvest that may be used to make vintage in champagne? |
80% |
|
|
Which provencal is stronghold for organic and bio producers? |
Les Baux |
|
|
Which product has more RS: liquoreux or VDN? |
Liquoreux |
|
|
Where is cotes de Castillon? Right or left bank |
Right. |
|
|
Which bordelais classification system was annulled in 2003? |
Crh bourgeois |
