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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Malassezia furfur
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"Spaghetti and meatballs"
Pityriasis versicolor - hypopigmented patches on the skin; treatment - shampoo with selenium sulfide, topical imidazole; diagnosis - KOH prep, |
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Exophilia werneckii
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Morph: brown pigmented, branched, septate, hyphae and budding yeast
Clinical: Tinea nigra (dark brown patches on sols of hands and feet) Treatment: shampoo with selenium sulfide, topical imidazole diagnosis: KOH prep |
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Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton floccosum
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Clinical: Dermatophytosis - tinea corporis (ringworm); tinea cruris (jock itch); tinea pedis (athletes foot); tinea capitis (scalp); tinea unguium (nail)
Treatment: topical imidazole, oral griseofulvin; oral terbinafine Diagnosis: KOH, Wood's lamp Secretes keratinase |
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Sporothrix schenckii
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Found on rose thorns
Clinical: Sporotrichosis - subcutaneous nodule becomes necrotic and ulcerates, ulcer heals but new nodules along to lymph tract Treatment: itraconazole, fluconazole, potassium iodide Diagnosis: dimorphic |
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Phialophora verrucosa
Cladosporium carrionii Fonsecaea species |
Morphology: scleortic bodies: copper colored cells
Clinical: Chromoblastomycosis - small, violet wart-like lesion (in clusters) Treatment - Itraconazole, excision Diagnosis - KOH skin scraping |
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Coccidioides immitis
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southwestern US
Morphology: dimorphic Clinical: asymptomatic, pneumonia, disseminated (lungs, skin, bones, meninges), erythema nodosum Treatment: amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole Diagnosis: Biopsy (KOH, silver stain, culture Sabouraud agar), serology, skin test |
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Histoplasma capsulatum
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Mississippi River valley
Respiratory transmission Morphology: dimorphic Clinical: HIstoplasmosis - asymptomatic, pneumonia (calcified lesion), disseminated (lung, spleen, liver) Treatment: itraconazole, amphotericin B Diagnosis: biopsy (silver stain, Sabouraud's agar), serology, skin test Can survive intracellularly within macrophages |
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Blastomyces dermatitis
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Mississippi River valley
Dimorphic Clinical: Blastomycosis - asymptomatic, pneumonia, disseminated (weight loss, night sweats, lung involvement, skin ulcers), Treatment: itraconazole, ketoconazole, amphotericin B Diagnosis: biopsy (silver stain, Sarbouraud culture), serology, skin test |
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Cryptococcus neoforman
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pigeon droppings
Morphology: polysaccharide capsule, yeast from only Cryptococcosis - subacute or chronic meningitis, pneumonia, skin lesions Treatment: amphotericin B, fluconazole Diagnosis: India-ink stain CSF, antigen test, culture immunocompromised |
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Candida albincan
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normal flora of skin, mouth, GI
Morph: pseudohyphae and yeast Candidiasis - oral thrush, vulvovaginal candidiasis, diaper rash Treatment: fluconazole, nystatin, clotrmazole, imidazold, Diagnosis: KOH, sliver stain, blood culture, blood assay for beta-D-glucan |
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Candida albicans
immunocompromised patients |
Clinical: thrush, vaginitis, cutaneous, esophageal, disseminated, chronic mucocutaneous
Treatment: flucoazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin, ketoconizole |
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Aspergillus
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Branching septated hyphae
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis-asthma type reaction with SOB and fever Aspergilloma-fungus ball, hemoptysis Invasive aspergillosis - necrotizing pneumonia Aflatoxin consumption - liver damage Treatment: corticosteroids, surgery, voriconazole |
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Rhizopus, Rhizomucor, Mucor
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Saprophytic
broad, non-septated branching hypae Mucormycosis - rhinocerebral, pulmonary mycomycosis Treatment: amphotericin B, surgery Diagnosis: biopsy, black nasal discharge |
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Actinomyces israelii
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Morph: gram + rod, anaerobic, branching chains or beaded filaments
Clinical: abscesses of mouth, lung, GI Treatment: penicillin G, surgery Diagnosis: sulfur granules, anaerobic culture |
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Nocardia asteroides
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Morph: gram + rod, partially acid fast, aerobic, branching chains or beaded filaments
Clinical: pneumonia, abscesses in lung, kidney, CNS Treatment: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Diagnosis: gram stain, modified acid fast, aerobic culture |
