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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Methods of fungal reproduction |
Asexual -molds: asexual spores -yeasts: budding Sexual |
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List 4 classes of fungi |
1. zygomycetes 2. ascomycetes 3. basidiomycetes 4. deuteromycetes |
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Zygomycetes asexual, sexual, mycelia |
Asexual: endogenous in sac Sexual: zygospores Mycelia: aseptate |
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Ascomycetes asexual, sexual, mycelia |
Asexual: exogenous on hyphae Sexual: ascospores Mycelia: septate |
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Basidiomycetes asexual, sexual, mycelia |
Asexual: exogenous on hyphae Sexual: basidiospores Mycelia: Septate |
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Deuteromycetes asexual, sexual, mycelia |
Asexual: exogenous on hyphae Sexual: absent Mycelia: septate |
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Categories of mushroom poisoning |
1. Rapid onset -parasympathetic: muscarine -hallucinogenic: psilocybin 2. Delayed onset -Hepatocellular necrosis: aminitin and gyromitrin |
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Ringworm and tinea disease |
Dermatophytes: superficial mycosis
-found on scalp, skin, nails, utilizes keratin -does not invade living tissue -induces allergic rxn |
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Types of dermatophyte infections: |
-Tinea capitis: scalp -Tinea corporis: body -Tinea barbae: beard -Tinea unguium: nail plate -Tinea cruris: groin area -TInea pedis: foot |
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What is the most common and widely disributed dermatophyte? |
Trichophyton rubrum: chronic infection of nail and scalp, invades hair endothrix and ectothrix |
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Trichophyton tonsurans causes... |
tinea capitis: endothrix infection, dermatophyte -finely scaling lesion of skin, nails, scalp |
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Trichophyton mentagrophy causes...hosts... |
-zoophilic, causes inflammatory skin or scalp lesions, particularly in rural workers, ectothrix -hosts: animals like mice, guinea pigs, kangaroos, cats, horses, sheep, rabbits -dermatophyte |
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Microsporum canis |
-zoophilic dermatophyte, ectothrix -frequent cause of ringworm -invades hair, skin, nails -cats and dogs main source of infection |
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Sporotrichosis |
-subcutaneous mycosis -chronic -nodular lesions, may ulcerate -infection caused by traumatic implantation of fungus in skin -found in tropical/temperate -Etiologic agent: sporothrix schenckii, found in soil and decaying vegetation |
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Histoplasmosis |
-systemic mycosis, intracellular -caused by inhalation -95% of cases are benign -other 5% have chronic lung disease, or fatal systemic disease -MIMICS TUBERCULOSIS -distribution: Ohio and Mississippi River Valley -Etiologic agent: histoplasma capsulatum, soil w/ chicken excreta, sterling and bats |
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Blastomycosis |
-chronic granulomatous sand suppurative disease -primary pulmonary stage followed by dissemination to other body sites: skin and bone -distribution: minnesota and wisconsin -etiological agent: blastomyces dermatiditis, soil |
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Coccidioidomycosis |
-initally respiratory, from inhalation of conidida -may progress to chronic pulmonary or systemic disease of meninges, bones, joints, and subcutaneous tissue -distribution: SW USA, mexico, S. america -Etiologic agent: coccidioides immitis, soil |
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List 4 opportunistic fungi |
1. zygomycetes 2. aspergillus 3. cryptococcus 4. candida |
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Aspergillus |
-spectrum of diseases caused by Aspergillus fumigatus and A. Niger 1. mycotoxicosis, ingestion 2. allergy 3. colonization 4. invasive, inflammatory, necrotizing disease of lungs 5. rarely systemic and fatal disseminated tissue Distribution: world wide |
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Candidosis |
Zygomycosis: primary or secondary mycotic infection caused by Candida albicans -acute, subacute, or chronic -mouth, throat, skin, scalp, vagina, fingers, nails, bronchi, lungs, or GI tract, or systemic such as septicemia, endocarditis, meningitis -distribution: worldwide -occurs naturally on humans |
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Cryptococcosis |
-zygomycosis: chronic, subacute, acute pulmonary, meningitic -inhalation of fungus -primary pulmonary, symptoms usually subclinical -CNS, skin, bones, organs -distribution: worldwide, bird excretia -etiologic agent: cryptococcus neoformans |
