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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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infects HIV patients when their CD4 < 200
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Pneumocystis carinii
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silver stain of sputum IDs this fungi
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Pneumocystis carinii
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What is the treatment for PCP
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TMP=SMX or dapsone
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Fungi associated with pigeons
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cryptococcus neoformans
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How does cryptococcus neoformans damage the brain?
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meningitis --> abscess which puts pressure and displacement of brain tissue
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India ink stain is clear and mucicarmine stains red for polysaccharide capsule
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cryptococcus neoformans
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CT shows "soap bubble lesions"
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cryptococcus neoformans
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How do you treat cryptococcus neoformans?
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amphotericin B and flucytosine
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MCC fungal meningitis
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cryptococcus neoformans
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subcutaneous nodules form after rose thorn prick
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Sporothrix schenckii
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at 25 C branched hyphae have oval conidia at tips of conidiophores
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Sporothrix schenckii
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secondary nodules can travel up lymphatics
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Sporothrix schenckii
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treatment of Sporothrix schenckii
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oral potassium iodide
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broad based buds at 37 C
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Blastomyces dermatitidis
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pneumonia after going east of mississippi river + granulomas
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Blastomyces dermatitidis
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Treatment for Blastomyces dermatitidis
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itraconazole for meningitis and amphotericin B for non-menigitis
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pneumonia in southwest US
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coccidioides immitis
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How does coccidioides immitis survive in dirt?
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arhtrospores form spherules containing infective endospores
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How do you detect previous exposure to coccidioides immitis?
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intradermal injection of coccidioidin antigen --> DTH response
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only fungi found in macrophages
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Histoplasma capsulatum
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tuberculated macronidia on hyphae
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Histoplasma capsulatum
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spores in bird or bat dropping
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Histoplasma capsulatum
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granulomas appear as small calcium deposits on xray
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Histoplasma capsulatum
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how do you detect previous exposure of Histoplasma capsulatum
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intradermal injection of histoplasmin antigen causes DTH response
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found in mississippi/ohio river valleys and southeast US river basins
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Histoplasma capsulatum
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can cause thrush, vaginitis, esophagitis or even systemic infection
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candida albicans
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white exudate on mucous membranes
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candida albicans
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cottage cheese appearing clumps w/o increase in pH
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candida albicans
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treatment of thrush or esophagitis
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nystatin mouthwash, fluconazole
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common cause of diaper rash in young children
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candida albicans
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esophagitis assoc with AIDS
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candida albicans
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curvy worm-like borders of expanding infection
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Ringworm (tinea) infections
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KOH treated scrapings show branched hypae
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Ringworm (tinea) infections
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where does tinea like to infect?
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keratinized epithelium (dead, horny layer)
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Why do you get dermatophytoses - inflammation, itching, scaly skin, pustule?
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Ringworm (tinea) infections causes delayed type hypersensitivity
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wood lamp detects
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Ringworm (tinea) infections - microsporum
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malassezia furfur
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pityriasis versicolor
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cladosporium werneckii
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tinea nigra
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hyphae branch at 45 degree angles with radiating spores
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aspergillosis
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spores can stimulate IgE response
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aspergillosis
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like to live in empty TB cavities
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aspergillosis
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How does aspergillosis cause problems in the lungs?
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invades blood vessels --> pulmonary infarction
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what does aspergillosis secrete on peanuts, cereal and rice?
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aflatoxin --> HCC
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branch at 90
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Mucor and Rhizopus
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nasal invasion in DKA
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mucor and rhizopus
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