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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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kidney
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Primary regulation of fluid balance is the
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Bladder
600ml 150-200ml |
Is a sterile cavity
Is smooth muscle with mucosal lining Normal adult bladder holds as much as ____ of urine Normal adult has urge to urinate at ________. Ureters implant at the lower portion of the bladder |
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Dysuria
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painful urination
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frequency
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goes all the time
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urgency
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got to go now
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hesitancy
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cant start or maintain a stream
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anuria
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no urine
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polyuria
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urinating a lot
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oliguria
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lowered amounts of urine
scant amounts |
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enuresis
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difficult controling urine. loss of control. bed wetters.
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Incontinence
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unablitly to hold urine to make it to the restroom. going in ones clothes
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stress incontinence
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"I pee when I cough"
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Urge incontinence
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sudden need to go that cannot be controlled
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overflow incontinence
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too much urine in bladder
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reflex incontinence
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unexpected, involuntary voiding without awareness of need to go- specific to spinal cord injury
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functional incontinence
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unpredictable involulntary passage of urine in the presence of normal bladder an urethral functioning
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retention
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holding urine in the bladder
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obstruction
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blockage not allowing urine though. prostate problems, kidney stones etc
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infection of the bladder
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due to retention, obstruction, catheter, wiping wrong, etc
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physical exam of urine
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Color
Character/clarity Odor Amount |
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physical exam of abdomen
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Distention
Muscle mass pain |
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Urodynamic studies
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tests done while urinating: observe Volume, Residual, and
Vesicoureteral reflux |
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KUB
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Kidney, ureter, and bladder
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IVP
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IV dye can cause renal failure- encourage fluids
used when kidney stones are suspected |
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xrays done to see kidneys and other urinating organs
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cystoscopy, KUB, IVP, CT scans, Ultrasounds
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hydronophrosis
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backup of urine--makes kidneys swell. if not taken care of will cause kidney failure
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Provide environment to facilitate voiding
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Sitting or standing
Privacy Water |
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Nursing care-urinary
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Provide adequate fluids
Diet to acidify urine-(bacteria does not like acid environment) Bladder training-(taking to bathroom every 2 hrs) |
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Education- urinary
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Proper fluid intake
Bladder retraining Infection prevention and early detection Self catheterization or cath. Care Medication effects Diet |
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Education-medication effects on Urine
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On urine color and odor
Need to increase fluids Fluid retention |
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Pyridium
(Medication) |
Local analgesic
Turns urine (and other secretions) orange |
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Anticholinergics (Medication)
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Relax smooth muscle
Cause dry mouth, tachycardia, voiding difficulty, constipation |
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Antibiotics (Medication)
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Sulfa/trimethoprim (Bactrim)--for UTI
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Alpha adrenergic receptor blockers
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Relax smooth muscle in bladder neck for prostate problems (cardura, minipress)
May cause dizziness or orthostatic hypotension |
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Intermittent Catheterization
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Complications- 1% will develop infection with single catheterization if done with good sterile tech
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Indwelling Catheterization
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Complications--MOST will develop infection in 4-7 days
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