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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mAs
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DENSITY ONLY
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kVp
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Density and contrast
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OID
(object to image distance) |
Contrast (air gap)
Recorded detail Distortion |
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SID
(Source to image distance) |
Density
Recorded detail Distortion |
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Focal spot size
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RECORDED DETAIL ONLY
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Grids
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Density
Contrast |
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Filtration
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Density
Contrast |
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Flim-screen combinations
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Density
Recorded detail |
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Beam restriction
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Density
Contrast |
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Motion
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RECORDED DETAIL ONLY
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Anode heel effect
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DENSITY ONLY!
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Patient factors
(size, pathology) |
Affects everything!
Density Contrast Recorded detail Distortion |
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Angle
(tube, part or receptor) |
Recorded detail
Distortion |
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Generators affect
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Density & contrast only
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lowest kVp or highest grid ratio will...
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produce the greatest contrast
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what factors will let you know what has greater RECORDED detail
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OID, SID & FOCAL SPOT SIZE
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do film screen speed and mAs affect contrast?
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No film screen speed and mAs do not affect contrast
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high speed IR requires ______ to produce an acceptable radiographic image.
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less radiation
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to convert from one receptor speed (RS) to another use what formula?
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RS1/RS2=mAs2/mAs1
OR new mAs=oldmAs x old RS/new RS |
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what are the technical aspects of a radiograph?
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Density/brightness, con trast/contrast resolution, visibility of detail, recorded detail/spatial resolution and distortion
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what density comparison ask you to look at?
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the factors to create multiple images
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density maintenance questions ask you to look at?
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change one factor (usually mAs)to compensate for a change made in another factor (such as grid ratio)
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increases
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as kilovoltage increases, radiographic density ______.
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15% increase in kilovoltage will ___________ radiographic density. Whille a 15% decrease will _________.
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Double radiographic density
decrease radiographic density by half. |
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15% rule is?
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15% increase in kVp plus 50% decrease in mAs,
OR 15% decrease in kVp plus 100% increase in mAs will maintain radiographic density |
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8% rule is?
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8% increase in kVp plus 25% decrease in mAs
OR 8% decrease in kVp plus 50% increase in mAs will maintain radiographic density |
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Kilovoltage peak (kVp) and milliamperage-second (mAs) refer to? AND NOT TO?
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Electricity used in x-ray production and not the output of the tube
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to convert from 3 phase 6 pulse to single phase 2 pulse
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multiply mAs x 1.6
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to convert from 3 phase 12 pulse to single phase 2 pulse
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multiply mAs x 2
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to convert single phase 2 pulse to 3 phase 6 pulse
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multiply mAs x 0.6
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to convert from single phase 2 pulse to 3 phase 12 pulse
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multiply mAs x 0.5
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high frequency generators have the same effeciency as?
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3 phase 12 pulse
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primary purpose of a grid is to?
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Increase radiographic contrast
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grid ratio of 4:1 or 5:1 has a conversion factor of?
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2
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grid ratio of 8:1 has a conversion factor of?
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4
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grid ratio of 10:1 or 12:1 has a conversion factor of?
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5
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grid ratio of 16:1 has a conversion factor of ?
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6
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to convert from no grid to adding a grid:
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mAs x CF
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to convert from a grid to no grid?
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mAs/CF
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to change from one grid to another:
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mAs/CF original grid x CF new grid
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As generator power increases
ripple? density? contrast? scatter? |
less ripple
greater density less contrast more scatter |
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the only factors that affect density and contrast are?
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kVp
grids filtration beam restricting device |
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what only effects density?
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mass
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what do patient factors effect?
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EVERYTHING!
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Anode heel only effects?
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density
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Focal spot size effects?
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recorded detail only!
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Motion effects
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only recorded detail
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