Fundamentals Of Anatomy And Physiology Chapter # 7 Definitions

Front 1

moving away from the midline of the body,

Back 1

abduction

Front 2

contractile protein found in the thin myofilaments of skeletal muscle

Back 2

actin

Front 3

moving toward the midline of the body

Back 3

adduction

Front 4

when stimulated, a muscle fiber will contract fully or not at all; wheather a contraction occurs depends on wheter the stimulus reaches the required threshold

Back 4

all or none

Front 5

those having opposing actions; for example, muscles that flex the upper arm______.

Back 5

antagonist muscle

Front 6

wasting away of tissue; decrease in size of a part

Back 6

atrophy

Front 7

when the top of the foot is elevated with the toes pointing upward

Back 7

dorsiflexion

Front 8

increasing the angle between two bones at a joint

Back 8

extension

Front 9

loss of muscle power; weakness

Back 9

fatigue

Front 10

act of bending; decreasing the angle between two bones at the joint

Back 10

flexion

Front 11

increased size of a part caused by an increase in the size of its cells

Back 11

hypertrophy

Front 12

subnormal core body temperature below 37 degrees Celcius

Back 12

hypothermia

Front 13

attachemtn of a muscle to the bone that it moves when contraction occurs

Back 13

insertion

Front 14

type of muscle contraction in which muscle does not shorten

Back 14

isometric

Front 15

of the same tension or pressure

Back 15

isotonic

Front 16

transmits nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glandular epithelial tissues

Back 16

motor nueron

Front 17

a single motor neuron with the muscle cells it innerates

Back 17

motor unit

Front 18

ultramicroscopic, threadlike structures found in myofibrils

Back 18

myofilaments

Front 19

contractile protein found in the thick filaments of skeletal muscle

Back 19

myosin

Front 20

the point of contact between the nerve endings and muscle fibers

Back 20

neuromuscular juntion

Front 21

the attachment of a muscle to the bone that does not move when contraction occurs

Back 21

orgin

Front 22

continued increased metabolism that occurs in a cell to remove excess lactic acid that resulted from exercise

Back 22

oxygen debt

Front 23

loss of the power or motion, especially vouluntary motion.

Back 23

paralysis

Front 24

the bottow of the foot is directed downward; this motion allows a person to stand on his or her tiptoes

Back 24

plantar flexion

Front 25

position of the body

Back 25

posture

Front 26

the muscle responsible for producing a particular movement

Back 26

prime mover

Front 27

to turn the palm downward

Back 27

pronate

Front 28

movement around a longitudinal axis

Back 28

rotation

Front 29

contractile unit of muscle length of a myofibril between two Z bands

Back 29

sarcomere

Front 30

agent that causes a change in the activity of a structure

Back 30

stimulus

Front 31

to turn the palm of the hand upward

Back 31

supinate

Front 32

muscle that assists a prime mover

Back 32

synergist

Front 33

bands or cords of fibrous connective tissue that atttach a muscle to a bone or other structure

Back 33

tendons

Front 34

inflammation of a tendon sheath

Back 34

tenosynovitis

Front 35

sustained contraction

Back 35

tetanic contraction

Front 36

special type of skeletal muscle contraction used to maintain posture

Back 36

tonic contraction