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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Contact precautions |
Gloves and gown |
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Droplet precautions |
Surgical mask (N95 respirator for H1N1) |
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Airborne precautions |
Fit-tested N95 respirator Patient in airborne infection isolation room with negative pressure |
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Diseases requiring contact precautions: |
MRSA, VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococci), C. Difficile |
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Diseases requiring droplet precautions: |
Influenza, streptococcus group A, bacterial meningitis, rubella (German measles), mycoplasma pneumonia |
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Disease requiring airborne precautions: |
Tuberculosis, rubeola (measles), chickenpox, coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) |
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Types of pathogens |
Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa, Fungi, Helminths |
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Two types of MRSA (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus) |
HA-MRSA (health-care associated) CA-MRSA (community-associated) |
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Tiny parasites that live and reproduce within the cells of the human body |
Viruses |
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Examples of viruses |
Herpes simplex Herpesvirus 3, Influenza, Zika, Ebola, West Nile |
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Single-called animals that live in water |
Protozoa |
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Single-called animals that live in water |
Protozoa |
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Examples of Protozoa |
Entamoeba histolytica (amoebic dysentery), giardia lamblia (giardiasis), plasmodium (malaria) |
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Parasitic worms that inhabit the GI tract |
Helminths |
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Parasitic worms that inhabit the GI tract |
Helminths |
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Examples of Helminths |
Enterobius (pinworms), taenia (tapeworms) |
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Chain of Infection |
Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host |
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HAI |
Health-care Associated Infections |
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Septicemia |
When microorganisms are present and multiplying in the blood |
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Septicemia |
When microorganisms are present and multiplying in the blood |
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Primary defenses against infection |
Skin, mucous membranes, gastrointestinal system |
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Septicemia |
When microorganisms are present and multiplying in the blood |
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Primary defenses against infection |
Skin, mucous membranes, gastrointestinal system |
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Secondary defenses |
Inflammation response, elevated temperature, complement cascade |
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Tertiary defenses |
Specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes (B or T cells) |
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Factors that decrease defenses |
Age, chemical exposure, chronic illness, lack of exercise, lack of rest, stress, non intact skin, poor nutrition |
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Ionizing radiation |
Kills pathogens on sutures, some plastics, and biological materials that cannot be boiled or autoclaved |
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Chemical disinfection |
Kills pathogens on equipment and supplies that cannot be heated |
