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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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identify characteristics of good posture in a standing, sitting, or lying position
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standing - feet parallel, right angles, chest up, head erect.
sitting - both feet rest on floor, knees bent, etc. lying position - same as standing, just laying down. |
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what does immobility lead to?
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- health deterioration
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what is disuse syndrome?
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signs and symptoms that result from inactivity
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What are repetitive strain injuries?
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disorders that result from cumulative trauma to musculoskeletal structures.
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What is functional mobility?
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alignment that maintains the potential for movement and ambulation
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When changing client position, you should move them every __ hours
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2
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When positioning a client, you should enlist the assistance of at least __ other caregiver
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one
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What is posture?
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position of the body or the way in which it is held
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What does posture affect?
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Appearance
Stamina Ability to use the muscoskeletal system |
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What is supine position?
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Laying on the back
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What is "foot drop"?
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permanent dysfunctional position caused by shortening of the calf muscles and lengthening of the opposing muscles on the anterior leg
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How does foot drop hinder ambulation?
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because it interferes with a person's ability to place the heel on the floor
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How does foot drop hinder ambulation?
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because it interferes with a person's ability to place the heel on the floor
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What is a recommended way to reduce the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome among newborns?
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Keeping them in supine position
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What is a recommended way to reduce the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome among newborns?
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Keeping them in supine position
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What does bad posture cause?
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Muscle Spasms
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What does bad posture cause?
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Muscle Spasms
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what are the dangers of inactivity in the muscular system?
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weakness
decreased tone/strength decreased size (atrophy) |
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what are the dangers of inactivity in the muscular system?
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weakness
decreased tone/strength decreased size (atrophy) |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the skeletal system?
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poor posture
contractures foot drop |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the skeletal system?
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poor posture
contractures foot drop |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the cardiovascular system?
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impaired circulation
thrombus (clot) formation dependent edema |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the respiratory system?
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pooling of secretions
shallow respirations atelectasis (collapsed alveoli) |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the urinary system?
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oliguria (scanty urine)
urinary tract infections calculi (stone) formation incontinence |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the gastrointestinal system?
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anorexia
constipation fecal impaction |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the integumentary endocrine system?
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pressure sores
decreased metabolic rate decreased hormonal secretions |
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What are the dangers of inactivity in the central nervous system?
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sleep pattern disturbances
psychosocial changes |
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The use of proper body mechanics you will...
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reduce fatigue
increases muscle effectiveness avoids repetitive strain injuries |
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What is ergonomics?
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specialty field of engineering science devoted to promoting comfort, performance, and health in the workplace.
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What is a hoyer lift an example of?
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An assistive device (ergonomics)
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position equipment no more than __-__ inches away
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20-30
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To keep good ergonomics you should keep elbows flexed no more than __-__ degrees
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100-110
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What should you unfasten from bed linen before moving the position of a client?
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drainage tubes
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What position is lateral?
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side laying position
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Is foot drop of concern while in lateral position?
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It is of less concern because gravity does not pull down the feet as happens when clients are supine.
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What is lateral oblique position?
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A variation of side lying position
top leg placed in 30 degrees of hip flexion and 35 degrees of knee flexion. |
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what is prone position?
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one in which the client lies on the abdomen
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What is good about lateral oblique position over regular lateral?
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less pressure on the hip
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What is prone position good for?
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Skin breakdown
good drainage of bronchioles keeps hips in an extended position |
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Name some positioning devices
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adjustable beds
mattress bed board pillows roller sheet trochanter rolls hand rolls foot boards, boots, and foot splints trapeze |
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Name some protective devices
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side rails
mattress overlays cradle specialty beds |
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Name the types of mattresses
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foam mattress
gel mattress static air mattress alternating air mattress water mattress |
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Why use static and alternating air mattresses?
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To distribute weight and relieve pressure on the skin.
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What is a bed cradle?
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metal frame that forms a shell over the client's lower legs to keep bed linen off the feet or legs.
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Name the different specialty beds.
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low-air-loss bed
air-fluidized bed oscillating support bed circular bed |
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What is a transfer handle?
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fits between the mattress and bed frame or box spring and serves as a combination grab bar handrail to support the cleint's weight while exiting and returning to bed.
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What are the nursing diagnoses that may apply to inactive clients?
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impaired physical mobility
risk for injury risk for disuse syndrome risk for perioperative positioning injury impaired transfer ability impaired bed mobility risk for impaired skin integrity |
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what is a circular bed?
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a bed that circulates to change position regularly.
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What is a oscillating support bed?
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slowly and continuously rocks the client from side to side in a 124 degree arc. Relieves skin pressure and helps to mobilize respiratory secretions.
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