Fundamental Of The Nervous Systems And Nervous Tissue

Front 1

What are the tree basic functions of the nervous system?

Back 1

Sensory input (afferent)
Integration
Motor output (efferent)

Front 2

State the 2 subdivision of afferent division?

Back 2

Somatic sensory division
Visceral sensory division

Front 3

Say three functions of somatic sensory?

Back 3

1. Exteroceptors(pain, pressure, vibration, temp)
2. Proprioceptors
3. Special senses (hearing, equilibrium,vision)

Front 4

Say two functions of visceral sensory?

Back 4

1. Interoceptors (stretch, pain, temp/chemical change,
irritation in visceral, nausea and hunger)
2. Special senses (taste, smell)

Front 5

State the two subdivisions of efferent division?

Back 5

Somatic motor
Visceral motor

Front 6

Describe the function of somatic motor?

Back 6

Innervation of skeletal muscles

Front 7

Describe visceral motor?

Back 7

Innervation of
1.smooth muscle
2.cardiac muscle
3.glands

Front 8

What do you call the commanding center of the nervous system?

Back 8

CNS

Front 9

What do you call the nervous system outside CNS?

Back 9

PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)

Front 10

What is the area in PNS, where the cell bodies of neurons are clustered.

Back 10

Ganglia

Front 11

Define neurons/nerve cells.

Back 11

Highly specialized cell that can conduct electric signals from one part of the body to another.

Front 12

What do you call the electric signal?

Back 12

Nerve impulse/action potential

Front 13

What is another name for the cell body?

Back 13

Soma

Front 14

What is the endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes in neurons called?

Back 14

Nissil bodies/chromatophilic bodies
Protein synthesis

Front 15

What do you call the intermediate filaments between Nissl bodies?

Back 15

Neurofibrills
Keep the cell from being pulled apart.

Front 16

Define dendrite (little tree)

Back 16

Receptive site of neuron

Front 17

Define axon

Back 17

Impulse generator and conductors

Front 18

What do you call the cone-shaped region of the cell body that initial axon segment arise from?

Back 18

Axon hillock

Front 19

Function of axon hillock.

Back 19

Action potential is generated here. Neurotransmitter is secredted here too.

Front 20

What lacks in axon that cell body has?

Back 20

Nissl bodies and golgi apparatus. No protein systhesis.

Front 21

What do you call the neuron that send action potential toward synapse?

Back 21

Presynaptic neuron

Front 22

What do you cal the neuron that send action potential from the sysnapse and to the effector?

Back 22

Postsynaptic neuron

Front 23

What do you call the synaps between dendrites and axon terminals?

Back 23

Axodendritic synapses

Front 24

What do you call the synaps between axons and neuron cell bodies?

Back 24

Axosomatic synapses

Front 25

What do you call neurons with
1. numerous dendrite and one axon.
2. two proccesses that extend to both sides.
3. Inverted T shape process

Back 25

1. Multipolar neuron
2. Bipolar neuron
3. Unipolar neuron

Front 26

Where are each type of neurons found?

Back 26

1.Multi- motor neuron, interneurons
2.Bi-special sensory organ(inside ear, inside nose, retina of eyes)
3.Uni-Sensory neuron

Front 27

What do you call the neuron that lie between sensory neuron and motor neuron?

Back 27

Interneuron

Front 28

Function of Sensory neuron?

Back 28

It transmit impulses from sensory receptors to CNS.

Front 29

Where is the cell bodies of sensory neurons?

Back 29

In dorsal ganglia

Front 30

Function of motor neuron?

Back 30

It carries impulses away from CNS and to effector organs.

Front 31

What do you call the supporting cells that do not become electrically exited, but can multiply greatly?

Back 31

Neuroglia/glial cells

Front 32

What neuroglia/glial cells are found in CNS?

Back 32

Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes

Front 33

Which one nourish neurons, maintain ionic concentration, take up excess nurotransmitter?

Back 33

Astocytes

Front 34

Which one remove invading organism like bacterial and waste by phagocytosis?

Back 34

Microglia

Front 35

Which one line the verticles of the brain and central canal of spinal cord?

Back 35

Ependymal cells

Front 36

Which glial cells form the myelin sheath of neuronal processes in white matter of CNS?

Back 36

Oligodendrocytes

Front 37

What are two glial cells in PNS?

Back 37

Satelite cells and Schwann cells

Front 38

How are satelite cells and Schwann cell different?
Function

Back 38

Satelite cells are on neuron cells in ganglia. Protect the cell.
Schwann cells are on axon. Insulate the axon for fast action potential.

Front 39

State the 3. connective tissues around around Schwann cells starting from outside.

Back 39

Epineurium
Perineurium
Endoneurium

Front 40

What kind of connective tissue are they?

Back 40

Epineurium-dense irregular
Perineurium-areolar
Endoneurium-dense irregular

Front 41

What do you call a budle of nerves covered by perineurium?

Back 41

Fasicle

Front 42

List the five parts of reflex arc.

Back 42

1.Receptor
2. Sensory neuron in dorsal ganglia
3. Integration center(interneuron)in gray matter
4. Motor neuron in gray matter
5. Effector

Front 43

What is the cause of multiple sclerosis?

Back 43

Auto immune disease that immune system attacks schwann cells and oligodendocytes.

Front 44

List symptoms of multiple sclerosis?

Back 44

Numbness or weakness in limbs.
Blurr or Loss of vision
Tingling or pain in the body
Speach problem
Paralysis

Front 45

List symptoms of multiple sclerosis?

Back 45

Numbness or weakness in limbs.
Blurr or Loss of vision
Tingling or pain in the body
Speach problem
Paralysis