Fundamental Concepts Of Biology ( Card Set 1 )

Front 1

Hypothesis

Back 1

Tentative explanation for an observation that requires testing to validate .

Front 2

Inductive Reasoning

Back 2

A logical process that leads from specific instances to a general conclusion .Dedu

Front 3

Deductive Reasoning

Back 3

Making a prediction about the outcome of a test ; " if ..... then" statements

Front 4

Observation

Back 4

Measurements of nature.

Front 5

Testable

Back 5

Possible to evaluate through observations of the measurable universe.

Front 6

Falsifiable or RefutableAlternat

Back 6

Able to be proved false if it is in fact false.

Front 7

Prediction

Back 7

Result expected from a particular test of a hypothesis in the hypothesis were true.

Front 8

Alternative HypothesesDart

Back 8

Factors other than the tested hypothesis that may explain observations

Front 9

Experiments

Back 9

Contrived situations designed to test specific hypothesis .

Front 10

Data

Back 10

Information collected by scientist during hypothesis testing.

Front 11

Scientific Theory

Back 11

Body of scientifically accepted general principles that explain natural phenomena.

Front 12

Control

Back 12

Subject for an experiment who is similar to experimental subject except is not exposed to the experimental treatment . Used as baseline values for comparison.

Front 13

Random Assignment

Back 13

Placing individuals into experimental and control groups randomly to eliminate systematic differences between the groups.

Front 14

Placebo

Back 14

Shame treatments in experiment

Front 15

Double blind

Back 15

Experimental design protocol when both research subjects and Scientist performing The measurements are unaware of either the experimental hypothesis or who is in the control or experimental group.

Front 16

Model organism

Back 16

Non-human organisms used in the human genome project that are easy to manipulate in genetic studies and help scientist understand human genes because they share genes with humans.

Front 17

Correlations

Back 17

Describes a relationship between two factors

Front 18

Statistics

Back 18

Specialized branch of mathematics use in the evaluation of experimental data

Hint 18

Specialized branch of mathematics use in the evaluation of experimental data

Front 19

Sample

Back 19

Small subgroup of a population used in an experimental test

Front 20

Statistical test

Back 20

Test that help scientists evaluate whether the results of a single experiment demonstrate the effect of treatment .

Hint 20

Test that help scientists evaluate weather the results of a single experiment chemistry

Front 21

Sampling error

Back 21

Effect of Chance on experimental results

Front 22

Primary sources

Back 22

Articles written by researchers and reviewed by the scientific community

Front 23

Secondary sources

Back 23

Books news media and advertisements as sources of scientific information

Front 24

Anecdotal evidence

Back 24

Information based on one persons personal experience

Front 25

Statistically significant

Back 25

Low probability that experimental groups differ simply by chance.

Front 26

Glycogin

Back 26

Found in liver and muscle tissue.

Front 27

Diffusion

Back 27

Passive and random movement of a molecule from an area of its own Higher Concentration to an area of It's own Lower Concentration.

Front 28

Passive Transport

Back 28

The movement of a substance without the addition of energy. ( Spontaneous ) movement.

Front 29

Prokaryotes

Back 29

Cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane - bounded organelles.

Front 30

Protein

Back 30

Cellular constituents made of amino acids coded for by genes. Proteins can structural , transport, or enzymatic roles.

Front 31

Ribosomes

Back 31

Cellular structures that help translate genetic material into proteins by anchoring and exposing small sequences of RNA.

Front 32

Semi permeable (membrane )

Back 32

A biological membrane that allows some substances to pass before Hibbetts the passage of others.

Front 33

Solute

Back 33

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Front 34

Solvent

Back 34

A liquid , such as water , that a solute is dissolved in.

Front 35

Steroids

Back 35

Fat - soluble hormones that can cross cell membranes readily.

Front 36

Sugar - phosphate backbone

Back 36

Series of alternating sugars and phosphates along the length of the DNA helix.

Front 37

Vacuole

Back 37

A membrane enclosed sac in a plant cell that functions to store many different substances.

Front 38

Water

Back 38

One molecule of water consists of one ( 1 ) oxygen and two ( 2 ) hydrogen atoms.

Front 39

Carbon + Oxygen + Hydrate =

Back 39

Carbohydrates

Front 40

1.) Carbohydrates

Back 40

Monomer

Saccharides=

Glucose

Front 41

Lipids

Back 41

CH ( O ) Hydrocarbons

( Fats oils ) triglycerides , phospholipids

Front 42

What colors of Sunlight does green plants use.

Back 42

Red & Blue

Front 43

.

Back 43

.

Front 44

There are how many natural elements.

Back 44

98

Front 45

How many elements have been made in laboratories

Back 45

20

Front 46

Neutral PH

Back 46

7 Neutral - pure water

Front 47

The lower the PH

Back 47

The more acidic