Functions Of The Nervous System

Front 1

what are the functions of the nervous system?

Back 1

communication control

Front 2

basic structure

Back 2

neuron

Front 3

dendrite

Back 3

* short with multiple branches
* recieves impulses
* transmits its impulses to cell body

Front 4

axon

Back 4

* comes off cell body
* transmits impulses away from cell body to other neurons
* length- can be short or long

Front 5

myelin sheath

Back 5

fatty substance that insulates axon

Front 6

synapse

Back 6

* tiny space seperating one neuron from another
* neuro transmitter has synapse happen

Front 7

sensory neurons

Back 7

aka afferent eyes, ears, nose, hands travels through the central nervous system

Front 8

motor neurons

Back 8

aka efferent
travels: cns through body parts moves the muscles

Front 9

interneurons

Back 9

aka connecting
only in CNS
link sensory and motor neurons

Front 10

reflexes

Back 10

automatic or unconcious
reflex to stimulus

Front 11

reflex arc

Back 11

* short cut for nervous system
* emergency situations
* moving body before brain recieves messages

Front 12

C.N.S.

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central nervous system

consits of brain and spinal cord

Front 13

brain

Back 13

* weigh about 3 lbs
* high metobolic rate
* about 100 billion neurons
* use 20% of circulating blood
* high demand for glucose

Front 14

cerebrum

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* 80% of brain voulme* divided into left and right hemisphere

Front 15

cerebral cortex

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*outside layer
* top lining filled with neurons

Front 16

gyri

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* wrinkles in the brain
* creates more surface area

Front 17

corpus callosum

Back 17

connects right and left hemisphere

Front 18

frontal lobes

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motor, conceptualization, writing, speech, judgement, communication and body movement

Front 19

parietal lobe

Back 19

touch
temperatures
spacial ability

Front 20

temporal lobe

Back 20

hearing
auditory interpretation
smell

Front 21

occipital

Back 21

vision

Front 22

thalamus

Back 22

* relay station between cutaneous recepters and cerbal cortex
* all sences(except smell) interprited here

Front 23

limbic

Back 23

* maintains a persons awareness
* long term memory

Front 24

hypothalamus

Back 24

* below thalamus
* regulates visceral activites
* regulates hormones from diff parts of the body
body temperature
water balance
appitie
sleep and emotions
\

Front 25

cerebellum

Back 25

* muscle coordination
* posture
* balance
* equilibrum

Front 26

brainstem

Back 26

* includes midbrain, pons, medulla

* connects 2 hemispheres with the spinal cord

Front 27

midbrain

Back 27

functions as a reflex center

Front 28

pons

Back 28

carry messages between cerebrum and medulla

Front 29

medulla

Back 29

cardiac and respiratory center

vaso motor center

diolates and constricts

Front 30

spinal cord

Back 30

pathway with the nerves
brain to body and body to brain

Front 31

meninges

Back 31

layers around brain and spinal cord

Front 32

dura mater

Back 32

* outside fiberous layer
* lies on skull

Front 33

arachnoid

Back 33

middle layer
spider web like

Front 34

pia mater

Back 34

directly on brain and spinal cord

Front 35

cerebrospinal fluid

Back 35

* soaks brain and spinal cord
* carries nutrients to brain
* carries toxins away
* transmits medications
* cushions brain and spine

Front 36

autonomic nervous system

Back 36

* controls internal organs
* anything done automatically

Front 37

sympathetic

Back 37

* controls flight or fight
* things in order to be ready for a stressful situation

Front 38

conjunctiva

Back 38

* mucus membrane the line eye lids

* keeps eyes moist

Front 39

lacrimal glands

Back 39

* manufactures tears

* keeps eyes moist

Front 40

sclera

Back 40

white of eye

Front 41

cornea

Back 41

* transparent sheet

* helps bend light rays

* for focusing

Front 42

auqueous humor

Back 42

* fluid in anterior chamber

* helps bend light rays for focusing

Front 43

iris

Back 43

* WHAT GIVES THE EYE ITS COLOR

* REGULATES AMT OG LIGHT THAT COMES INTO EYE

Front 44

PUPIL

Back 44

BLACK PART OF EYE

Front 45

LENS

Back 45

* BEHIND IRIS

* FOCUSES

Front 46

VITREOUS HUMOR

Back 46

* FLUID IN EYE

* GIVES EYE SHAPE

* BENDS LIGHT RAYS

Front 47

RETINA RODS

Back 47

PICKS UP LIGHT INTENSITY

Front 48

RETINA CONES

Back 48

SEES COLOR

Front 49

BINOCULAR VISION

Back 49

USING BOTH EYES

Front 50

ACCOMMODATION

Back 50

* LENSE ADJUSTING

* MAKING IMAGE SHARPER AND CLEARER

Front 51

HYPEROPIA

Back 51

FAR SIGHTED

Front 52

MYOPIA

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NEAR SIGHTED

Front 53

PRESBYOPIA

Back 53

GRADUAL LOSS OF ACCOMMODATION DUE TO AGE

Front 54

AURICLE

Back 54

ALA PINNA

* OUTSIDE PART OF EAR

* GUIDES SOUNDWAVES IN

Front 55

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

Back 55

AKA EARDRUM

* VIBRATE SOUNDWAVES INTO INNER EAR

Front 56

CERUMEN

Back 56

AKA EAR WAX

* PICKS UP FOREIGN OBJECTS

* CLEANSE EARS

Front 57

OSSICLES

Back 57

* 3 BONES

* MALLEUS (HAMMER)

* INCUS (ANUIL)

* STAPES (STIRRUP)

Front 58

EUSTACIAN TUBE

Back 58

EQUALIZING PRESSURE

Front 59

COCHLEA

Back 59

* TRUE ORGAN OF HEARING

* SPECIALIZED HAIR CELLS

Front 60

PRESBYCUSSIS

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LOSS OF EARING WITH AGE

Front 61

SEMICIRCULAR CANALS

Back 61

* FILLED WITH FLUID

* HELPS WITH BALANCE

Front 62

VERTIGO

Back 62

THE SPINS

Front 63

P.E.R.R.L.A.

Back 63

EYE SIGNS
P=PUPILS
E=EQUAL
R=RAND
R=REACT
L=LIGHT
A=ACCOMMODATION

Front 64

ANGIOGRAM

Back 64

X-RAY OF BLOOD VESSELS

Front 65

ARTERIOGRAM

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X-RAY OF ARTERY

Front 66

ARTERIOGRAM

Back 66

X-RAY OF ARTERY

Front 67

E.E.G.

Back 67

* ELECTROENCEPHLOGRAM

* TRACE ELECTROACTIVITY IN BRAIN

* DETECT TUMORS, DEATH, EPILEPSY

Front 68

HERNIATION OF THE BRAIN

Back 68

TRAUMA TO HEAD CAUSING SWELLING

Front 69

BURR

Back 69

CUTTING HOLE IN HEAD TO RELIEVE PRESSURE

Front 70

CONTUSION

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* BRUISED BRAIN

* SOMETIMES FINE FRACTURES TO SKULL

Front 71

SUBDURAL HEMATOMA

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* BLOOD BLISTER UNDER DURA MATER

* DAMAGE TO BLOOD VESSELS

Front 72

ABSOLUTE REFACTORY

Back 72

* TIME AFTER IMPULSE TRANSMITTED

* ANOTHER IMPULSE CANNOT PASS

Front 73

ACOUSTIC

Back 73

SOUND OR SENSE OF HEARING

Front 74

ACOUSTIC NERVE

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2 PARTS
1. VESTIBULAR AND COCHLEAR

2. PONS AND MEDULLA

* SENSE OF HEARING AND EQUILIBRIUM

Front 75

ADAPTATION

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* ABILITY OF ORGANISM TO ADJUST TO CHANGE OF ENVIORMENT

* IE EYE ADJUSTMENT

Front 76

AFTER IMAGE

Back 76

IMAGE IN WHICH PERSISTS SUBJECTIVELY AFTER THE CESSATION OF A STIMULUS

Front 77

ASTEREOGNOSIS

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INABILITY TO RECOGNIZE OBJECTS OR FORMS BY TOUCH

Front 78

ASTIGMATISM

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* SEVERAL MERIDIANS OF EYEBALL IS DIFFERENT

* DUE TO CHANGE IN CURUATURE IN CORNEA AND THE LENS

Front 79

CERVICAL

Back 79

REGION OF THE NECK

Front 80

CERVICAL VERTEBRAE

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FIRST SEVEN BONES OF SPINAL CLOUMN

Front 81

NEURONS

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CELLS THAT MAKE UP NERVOUS TISSUE

Front 82

PERIPHERAL

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* FURTHER FROM CENTER

* OUTWARD PART OF SURFACE

Front 83

RETINA

Back 83

* LIGHT SENSITIVITY STRUCTURE

* LIGHT RAYS COME INTO FOCUS

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SOMATIC

Back 84

PRETAINING TO THE BODY

Front 85

THRESHOLD

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POINT WHERE PSYCHOLOGICAL OR PHYSICOLOGICAL EFFECTS BEGIN TO PRODUCE

Front 86

THORACIC

Back 86

PERTAINING TO CHEST OR THORAX

Front 87

VISERAL

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INSIDE ORGANS

Front 88

IMPULSES

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* CONTROLLED BY Na+, K+

* CAN ONLY GO 1 WAY

Front 89

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Back 89

* ACETYLCHOLINE

* DOPAMINE

* SEROTONIN

* EPINEPHERINE

Front 90

BABINSKI

Back 90

STROKE OUTERSIDE OF SOLE FROM HEEL FORWARD

SENSATION?

Front 91

MORO

Back 91

STRATLE INFANT BY JARING CRIB OR MAKING LOUD NOISE

Front 92

BRUDZINSKI SIGN

Back 92

LIE ON BACK BRING HEAD TO CHEST

IS THERE ANY PAIN

Front 93

KERNIGS SIGN

Back 93

LIE ON BACK
BRING ONE LEG UP TO 90 DEGREE ANGLE

IS THERE ANY PAIN

Front 94

TEGRETOL

Back 94

ANTI-CONVOLSIVE

FOR MANIA

Front 95

DILANTIN

Back 95

AKA PHENYTOIN

ANTI-CONVOLSIVE

Front 96

GABAPENTIN

Back 96

AKA NEURONTIN

PERIPHERAL NERUOPATHY

NEUROPATHY

Front 97

DEPAKOTE

Back 97

AKA VALPROIC ACID

MOODSTABILIZER

ANTI-CONVOLSIVE

Front 98

VALIUM

Back 98

AKA DIAZEPAM

SEZIURES GIVEN iv

Front 99

MOTHYLPHENIDATE

Back 99

AKA

Front 100

METHYLPHENIDATE

Back 100

AKA RHYDALIN

STIMULATE THE MIND

FOR STROKE VICTIMS

Front 101

PILOCARPINE

Back 101

AKA OCUSERTPILO

GLYCOMA MED

Front 102

SINEMET

Back 102

AKA LEVODOPA

PARKINSENS MED

Front 103

BENZTROPINE

Back 103

AKA COGENTIN

ANTI CHOLINERGIC

PARKINSONS MED

EPS MEDICATION

Front 104

AMANTADINE

Back 104

ANTIVIRIAL MED FOR ENCEPHALITIS

Front 105

E.P.S.

Back 105

EXTRA PERAMITAL SYMPTOMS
TO TREAT SYMPTOMS OF NEUROLOGICAL MEDS

Front 106

DAMAGE TO FRONT OF HEAD

Back 106

CHANGE IN PERSONALITY

CHANGE IN EYE MOVEMENT

Front 107

DAMAGE TO TEMPORAL PART OF THE HEAD

Back 107

CHANGE IN AUDITORY

APHAGIA

MEANING AND UNCERSTAND

Front 108

DAMAGE TO AUXCIPITAL

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CHANGE IN SIGHT

CAN BE BLIND OR DULLNESS

Front 109

DAMAGE TO CEREBELLUM

Back 109

CHANGE IN BALANCE

WALKING

COORDINATION

Front 110

DAMAGE TO MIDBRAIN

Back 110

MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Front 111

ENUCLEATION

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REMOVAL OF EYEBALL

Front 112

CONDUCTION DEAFNESS

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SOUND THAT DIMINSHIES DUE TO IMPROPER TRAVELING THRU EAR

Front 113

NERVE DEAFNESS

Back 113

DEAFNESS DUE TO NERVE DEATH

Front 114

BRAIN ABCESS

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PUSS ACCUMULATED IN BRAIN DUE TO INFECTION

Front 115

I.C.P.

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INTER CRANIAL PRESSURE (GOOD)

Front 116

I.I.C.P.

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INCREASED INTER CRANIAL PRESSURE (BAD)

Front 117

PARKINSONS DISEASE

Back 117

BRAIN KEEPS DEGENERATING

TREATABLE NOT CURABLE

Front 118

M.S.

Back 118

* DESTRUCTION OF MYELIN SHEATH

* DESTRUCTION OF NERVES