Functions Of The Brain

Front 1

Central Nervous System CNS

Back 1

Consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Has protection of bone.

Front 2

Peripheral Nervous System PNS

Back 2

As soon as nerves branch outward from the Central Nervous System, they are considered part of the Peripheral Nervous System.

Has NO bone protecting it.

Front 3

The Cerebral Cortex

Back 3

A thin layer of cells on the outer layer of the brain.

The outer part of the brain, convoluted (wrinkled) to fit in skull.

Front 4

Corpus Callosum

Back 4

Connects the two brain hemispheres.

Front 5

Occipital Lobe

Back 5

Primary visual cortex

Front 6

Temporal Lobe

Back 6

Primary auditory cortex and higher visual function like remembering faces.

Front 7

Parietal Lobe

Back 7

The primary somatosensory cortex.

Processes things like pain, body temperature, body positioning, and touch. Tells us how quickly something is moving toward us.

Front 8

Frontal Lobe

Back 8

In the rearmost portion of the frontal lobe in the primary motor cortex.

Highest level of voluntary control over movement.

Front 9

Broca's area (in the frontal lobe)

Back 9

contributes to production of speech.

comprehension of speech remains good.

Front 10

Prefrontal Cortex (in the frontal lobe)

Back 10

Involved with the planning of behavior, attention, and judgement.

Front 11

Orbital Frontal Cortex (part of the prefrontal cortex located just behind the eyes)

Back 11

damage there is accosted with anti-social behavior and a disregard for others. Chose immediate rewards.

Front 12

Left Hemisphere of the brain

Back 12

associated with lateralization of language (for most people) Language can be coordinated by handedness.

Front 13

Right Hemisphere of the brain

Back 13

Spacial informatin and visual arts usually lateralized in the right.

Front 14

Sensory Neurons

Back 14

Carry INFORMATION from the external environment or from the body back to the CNS

Front 15

Motor Neurons

Back 15

Carry COMMANDS from the CNS back to the muscle and glands of the body.

Front 16

Medulla

Back 16

The first brain structure that the spine connects with.

Manages essential functions like the heart rate and blood pressure.

Front 17

Pons

Back 17

Located just above the Medulla

Involved with the management of sleep, arousal, and facial expressions.

Connects the cerebellum to the rest of the brain.

Front 18

Cerebellum

Back 18

Essential for maintaining balance and motor coordination.

Associated with autism if damaged..all affecting language, sensory, and social behavior.

Front 19

Midbrain

Back 19

Located above the Pons.

Contains receptors to our endorphins

sensory reflexes, movement, pain

Front 20

Reticular Formation

Back 20

Located from the upper medulla into the midbrain

Participates in the control of mood, arousal, and sleep

contain the chemical messangers serotonin and norepinephrine

Front 21

Thalamus

Back 21

Located almost at the center of the brain

Involved with memory and states of consciousness

If damaged can lead to memory loss and seizures

Front 22

Basal Ganglia

Back 22

Located curled around the Thalamus

Degeneration of the Basal Ganglia can lead to parkinsons disease.

control of voluntary movement..OCD ADHD

Front 23

Hypothalamus

Back 23

Involved with the regulation of of temperature, hunger, thirst , sexual activities.

Front 24

Hippocampus

Back 24

essencial for the formation of long term memories.

Damage can lead to trouble forming new memories.

Front 25

Cingulate Cortex

Anterior Cingulate cortex ACC

Posterior Cingulate Cortex PCC

Back 25

Anterior Cingulate Cortex contributes to decision making, emotion, anticipation of reward, and empathy

Posterior Cingulate Cortex is associated with memory and visual processing.

Front 26

Amygdala

Back 26

Has a role in identifying, remembering, and responding to fear and aggression.

Front 27

Nucleus Accumbens

Back 27

Has a part in the brain's reward and pleasure center.

Is related to a person's sense of social inclusion.