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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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functionalism
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society functions like an organism where different "organs" are required for society to function as a whole.
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the organic analogy
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the idea behind the organic analogy is that societies can be compared to rhe way a biological organism works.
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the limitations of the organic analogy
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you cant compare an organism to the way societies change and grow
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Parsonian Functionalism
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parson argues that any society has four functional needs or prerequisites that need to be met in order for survival: these are ADAPTATION, GOAL ATTAINMENT, INTERGRATION AND LATENCY.
he also says that all societies must be adaptable to change, whatever the change may be. |
(AGIL)
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Talcott Parsons
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he tried to show how consensus based on shared values is essential to social order. the stratification system is crucial in mainiting consensus in society.
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Emile Durkheim
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he emphasised the importance of examining society as a whole and the rols of the "collective conscience". he strongly influenced the work of Talcott Parsons and the development of American structural Functionalism.
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manifest and latent functions
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a manifest function is evident when an institution achieves the goal it clearly intended while the latent function is when there is an unintended consequance of an aspect in society.
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criticisms of functionalism
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if something in society is recurrent, functionalists say that it must be meeting a need. but how do we know that it exists? because of the phenomenon we observe. ut exists because it exists. this sort of "going nowhere" argument is known ad tautology in philosophy.
secondly, digferent members of society integrate and work together in a value consensus which functionalism lacks any power to explain. |
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