Functional Anatomy

Front 1

motion cannot occur without

Back 1

force

Front 2

muscular system is source of

Back 2

force in humans

Front 3

two types of motion

Back 3

linear motion
angular motion

Front 4

linear motion

Back 4

motion along a line
-rectilinear motion
-curvilinear motion

Front 5

rectilinear motion

Back 5

motion along a straight line

Front 6

curvilinear motion

Back 6

motion along a curved line

Front 7

linear displacement

Back 7

distance that a system moves in a straight line

Front 8

angular motion (rotary motion)

Back 8

rotation around an axis

Front 9

angular displacement

Back 9

change in location of a rotating body

Front 10

linear and angular are related

Back 10

angular motion of the joints produces the linear motion of walking

Front 11

displacement vs. distance

Back 11

actual distance from original point vs. sum length of measurement traveled

Front 12

Law 1 of motion

Back 12

law of inertia
body in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by force. body at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by force.
uniform motion = constant velocity
forces impressed = external forces

Front 13

inertia

Back 13

resistance to action or change
resistance to acceleration or deceleration

Front 14

the greater the mass of an object the greater the

Back 14

inertia
more force needed to move it

Front 15

Law 2 of motion

Back 15

law of acceleration
if a net external force is applied to an object then object will accelerate in direction of net external force
and acceleration will be proportional to net external force and inversely proportional to its mass

Front 16

acceleration

Back 16

rate of change in velocity

Front 17

mass

Back 17

the amount of matter in the body

Front 18

1 newton is the

Back 18

amount of force it takes to accelerate a 1kg object 1m/squared
F=ma
net external force= mass * acceleration

Front 19

law 3 of motion

Back 19

law of reaction
to every action there is always opposed an equal reaction; or, the mutual action of two bodies upon each other are always equal and directed to contrary parts
action and reaction = force

Front 20

friction

Back 20

force that results from the resistance between surfacs of two objects from moving upon one another

increased or decreased friction may be desired
to run we need friction. to glide we need less friction

Front 21

static friction or kinetic friction

Back 21

static= amount of friction between to objects at rest
kinetic= friction occurring between two objects that are sliding upon one another

Front 22

static friction

Back 22

always greater than kinetic friction

Front 23

max static friction depends on

Back 23

normal reaction force and
coefficient of friction (nature of surfaces)

Front 24

coefficient of friction

Back 24

indicates relative ease of sliding between two surfaces in contact (not describing a single surface)

Front 25

factors of coefficient of friction

Back 25

roughness/ hardness of surfaces
type of molecular interaction of surfaces

Front 26

normal reaction force =

Back 26

force perpendicular to surface

Front 27

kinetic friction

Back 27

friction force generated between two surfaces in contat during motion

Front 28

friction does not

Back 28

depend on surface are (contact are)
usually wider objects just have greater weight

Front 29

balance

Back 29

ability to control equilibrium, either static or dynamic

Front 30

equilibrium -

Back 30

state of zero acceleration where there is no change in the speed or direction of the body static or dynamic

Front 31

static equilibrium

Back 31

body is at rest or completely motionless

Front 32

dynamic equilibrium

Back 32

all applied and inertial forces actin gon the moving body are in balance, resulting in movement with unchanging speed or direction

Front 33

to control equilibrium and achieve balance ....needs to be maximized

Back 33

stability

Front 34

stability is the

Back 34

resistance to a change in the body's acceleration and disturbance of the body's equilibrium.

Front 35

stability is enhanced by

Back 35

determining body's center of gravity and appropriately changing it

Front 36

center of gravity

Back 36

point at which all of body's mass and weight are qually balanced or equally distributed in all directions

Front 37

balance

Back 37

imiportant in resting and moving bodies

Front 38

maximizing stability and ultimately achieving balance
eight things

Back 38

1. Center of gravity falls on base of support
2. large base larger stability
3. greater weight = more balance
4. lower height of center of gravity = more balance
5. location of center of gravity in relation to the base of support
6. equilibrium may be enhanced by increaseing the friction between the body and the surfaces it contacts
7. rotation about an axis aids balance
8. kinesthetic physiological functions contribute to balance

Front 39

significant mechanical loads are generated and absorbed by

Back 39

the tissues of the body

Front 40

....forces may cause these loads

Back 40

internal or external

Front 41

internal forces (mechanical loading)

Back 41

active force = muscle
passive force = inert tissue

Front 42

external forces (mechanical loading)

Back 42

produced from outside the body and originate from gravity, inertia, or direct contact

Front 43

better to absorb force

Back 43

over larger aspects of our body
spreads absorption rate over a greater period of time

Front 44

tension =
compression=
shear=
bending=
torsion=
combined torsion and compression

Back 44

tension- pulling longitudinally
compression- pressing longitudinally
shear- rub against (force directed parallel to a surface)
bending- bending
torsion- twisting in different directions
combined - ...yeah

Front 45

a

Back 45

b