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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GI Tract..from beginning to end...
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starts in the oral cavity with mastication, food travels down the esophagus to stomach, down to SI and LI, leaves the body through rectum and anus.
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Accessory structures of GI tract...
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teeth
tongue salivary glands liver gall bladder pancreas |
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Layers of the GI tract include...
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Mucosa
Submucosa Muscularis Serosa |
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Describe the Mucosa GI layer...
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inner layer, produces mucous for lubrication and protection, absorbs food across the layer, secretes digestive enzymes to aide digestion
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Describe the Submucosa GI layer...
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controls secretion of mucosa and contraction of muscularis layer, contains blood vessels that absorb food
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Describe the Muscularis GI layer...
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composed of smooth muscle, arranged in a circular pattern to generate mixing waves, and a longitudinal pattern to aide peristalsis
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Describe the Serosa GI layer...
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also called visceral peritoneum, part of a serous membrane that allows for movement without generating friction
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Proteins are...
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long chain of Amino Acids
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Lipids are...
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fatty acids and glycerol
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Digestion of protiens and lipids both start with....
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mastication-mechanical breakdown of food
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Digestion of Proteins in stomach...
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stomach acid hydrolyzes proteins, pepsin is an enzyme specific for proteins
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Digestion of Proteins in SI...
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uses several enzymes specific for proteins..trypsin, chymotrypsin, and peptidases
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Digestion of lipids in stomach...
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stomach acid hydrolyzes lipids, gastric lipase is an enzyme specific for lipids
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Digestion of lipids in the SI...
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pancreatic lipase is an enzyme spec for lipids, bile aides through emulsification
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Neural control of the Dig System- Parasympathetic NS...
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includes Vagus nerve 10, increases secretions and motility, triggered by sight smell, taste of food, and presence of food in the GI tract
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Neural control of the Dig System-
Sympathetic NS... |
"turns off" the Dig System, triggered by a frightening event,(fight or flight)
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Hormones involved with the GI system include...
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Gastrin
GIP Secretin CCK VIP |
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The hormone Gastrin's job in the Dig System...
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secreted by stomach, increases secretion of gastric juice, decreases gastric motility, triggered by chyme in SI
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The hormone GIP's job in the Dig System...
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secreted by SI, decreases secretion of gastric juice, decreases gastric motility, triggered by chyme in the SI
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The hormone Secretin's job in the Dig System...
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secreted by the SI, causes pancreas to secrete pancreatic juice rich in buffers to neutralize chyme, triggered by chyme in the SI
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The hormone CCK's job in the Dig System...
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secreted by the SI, causes pancreas to secrete juice with digestive enzymes to digest food, causes production of bile by liver, and release of bile by gall bladder, triggered by chyme in the SI
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The hormone VIP's job in the Dig System...
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secreted by the SI, causes vasodilation of blood vessels in small and large intestine (digested food absorbed into blood stream), triggered by chyme in SI
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