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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is food?
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made up of different chemical compounds
TSCTN -taste -sense -color -texture -nutritional value |
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What is food made up of?
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MVPWFC
-mostly water, vitamins, proteins, minerals, fat & carb -supply energy: (PFC) protein, fat, and carb -minior components: texture (important), taste, & smell |
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Can chewing gum protect teeth?
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xylitol: sweetner, sugar; substitue
-less carciogen (won't produce tooth decay) -no bacteria |
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Is it true that chewing gum will stay in your body for 7 years?
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Folklore
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Outbreak of Human Salmonella Newpor Infections
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-35 infected, 7 hospitalized
- Alfalfa spouts - germinate in low temperature can increase growth -raw plants result in infection due to microbes |
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Labels
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Ingredients labeled in descending order
(highest to lowest) |
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Food Ingredients -> Products
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milk can lead to a variety of products
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Is it true that eating gelatin strengthens your nails?
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-no evidence
-gelatin protein from animals 1) Pigskin (skin + bonse) 2) Fish |
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Why do onions make you cry?
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-Produce a volatile substance called lacrimatory
-Irritate eyes, dilute, and flush irritant |
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Green potatoes are poisonous?
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-Toxin (Solanine)
-Exposure to Light (double, triple normal time) |
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Honey Label
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-Not for children under 1 year
-Bee collect nectar and pollen -Spores called Clostridium Botulinum |
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Does the color of the eggshell affect the nutritional value of eggs?
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-no
-Shell color depends on chicken breed -Yolk: yellow or orange depending on carotene -Depends on chicken feed |
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Phytochemicals
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one of the minor components
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What makes popcorn pop?
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Moisture of kernal develops steam and creates pressure
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For thousands of years, our ancestors were..., living in _____ lifestyle
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-Hunter gatherers
-Nomadic Era |
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Agricultural Revolution
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-10,000 years ago
-plant & animal domestication -Plants: cereal & legumes -Animal: GSPC (goat, sheep, pigs, & cows) |
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What determines the type of plants around the world?
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Era
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Plants domesticated around the world...
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East Fertile Crescent: Bread & Beer, first cereals, barley, wheat
World: WBLPC wheat, barley lentil, pea, chick pea China: rst rice, soybean, tofu Native Americans: pumpkin Africa (MSC) millet, sorgham, cowped |
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Seeds as Food
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Began in Turkey
-Grains & legumes make up 2/3 of world's protein -Africa & Asia |
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Human as Meat Eaters and the History of Meat Consumption
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-Started 9,000 years ago in middle east (tamed wild animals)
-dogs, goats, sheep, pigs and cattle (DGSPC) -Grain crops more efficient than meat -After industrial revolution, meat become less expensive |
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Northern Latitudes (popular food)
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-Whale, seal, & reindeer
-Muktuk - whale blubber & skin -made from Bowhead whale & Narwan (eat raw) |
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Domestication all depends on the ______________.
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area (staple)
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Ecuadar (popular food)
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guinea pig
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Pidan
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-Pidan (thousand year old egg)
-clay, salt, etc -couple of months |
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Asian Delicacies
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-Ballet (fertilized duck egg)
-Bird's Nest Soup (Emperor's food) -Asian Swiflet: people obtain BNS, Asian way in caves |
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Insects as Food
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-10% of world population
GMTD -grasshopper (Mexico) -mopane worms (Botswana, Africa) -tarantulas (Cambodia) -dragonflies (India) Accidental Consumption: intentional insect mixed with food |
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Entomophology
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practice of eating insects as food
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Black Pudding
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black sausage
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Scotland's National Dish
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Haggard:
-seasoning, spices, oatmeal, & onion -sheep inner: lungs, heart & stomache -steam it |
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How do we choose what to eat?
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-Bio factors (genetics)
-Availability -Cultural Factors |
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What is food? (proponents)
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-main source of nutrients
(vital for maintenance & growth of body) -supply energy -building materials to body |
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Beyond Nourishment
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-social linkage (celebration)
-social distinction (class) ex. white bread means higher class, refined flour -National Identity/Ethnic (Haggard, sushi) -Moral/Religious Significance (dietary practice) -Hinduaism (nonviolence of Ahimsa, respect all things, many are vegetables) |
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Judaism
(3 main components) |
Kashrat (Jewish Dietary Law)
Kosher (permitted) Trief (prohibited) Three Components -Approved animal (clean, etc) -Certain ways of slaughter (painless) -may or may not mix with meat |
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Camine
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-sprinkles from cooking
-natural colorant from dried insects -Female Cochineal Beetles -used for "dyes" for a long time |
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Kosher Meats
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-Drain blood out of meat
-Put in water, dump salt, get it out Non Kosher Food -Pork, rabbit, carnivores, birds of prey, insects -Food, ingredients, carmine, natural colorant |
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Kosher Salt vs Regular Table Salt
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-Bigger & coarser crystals than table salt
-Koshering process by Jewish dietary laws (get rid of impurities) -Salt not ionized -Cooks use it because of its purity |
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Koshering Salt Used in Meat Koshering
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-Meat birds soaked for 30-50 minutes
-Rinsed in cold water to prevent moisture absorbance -Salting, more against to oxidation & yucky flavors |
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What is Kosher?
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"Fit and proper to eat."
-Not a style of cooking -Conform to Judaism Dietary Law |
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Kosher Certification
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"ippe"
-Ingredient -Packaging -Process - nothing's mixed -Equipment - stamp certification -Orthodox Union- Largest certifier of Kosher Foods |
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Pareve
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-neutral food
-With or without meat & dairy product |
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Islamic Dietary Laws
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"Halal" - permitted (IFANCA) Islamic Food & Nutrition Council of America
"Haram" - not permitted "Not Permitted" - some kind of animal "Not Permitted" - Blood can Strict ways of killing animals Intoxicants, alcohol ex. of non-kosher food -No additives - gelatin, food coloring |
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Christianity and Lent
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Lent (Fasting)
-only Fri (no meat) -Catholic |
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Food that everyone loved
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-Crust, Flour
-Not yet available but tomatoes bought by the Spanish -Thailand didn't originally have spices |
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Columbian Exchange of Foods
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(West to East) PTCPBCT
-potatoes, tomato, corn, peppers, most beans, cacoo, turkey (East to West) SPCCGGW -cows, sheep, pigs, chickens, grapes, goats, wheat |
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Where was potato first discovered?
How many? |
-South America by Spanish
-10,000 potatoes |
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Potato in History
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-1550's by Spanish (potato)
-A disease called Phytopithoia (pathogen) -1845 Irish Great Famine -1 million died and moved |
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What was the potato lesson?
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Diversity Plant
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Who were the main 3 ethnic groups of early food industry?
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Spaniards
Native Americans Europeon Settlers |
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What did the Spaniards bring to the US?
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salt
dried food meat (mainly pork) |
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What happened to the first settlers, Europeans?
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Lots died from famine
Learned from Native Americans on how to get food |
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What did hte Native Americas bought to America?
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Hunt, fish
3 Sisters -Corn (staple) -Beans -Squash |
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Early 1800's ... maintain of American diet
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-Porridge from Grain
-Lots of pork, not meat -Bread, butter, corn, and potatoes -Not a lot of vegetable or fruits ex. apples, cabbage Alcohol, apple cider -alcohol inexpensive -hard water -everyday meals |
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Whiskey in America
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Revolutionary War
-Raise taxes on distillation Lead to Whiskey Rebellion (Internal Revenue Service) -Against fermented and distilled food |
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Temperance Movement
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-Against alcohol - most were women
-Carrie Nation (anti-Saloon) crusader -18th-19th centuries |
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19th Century Dietary/Health Reform (Part 1)
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Health Food
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