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288 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Where is the Yellow River
In Northeast China, the mouth is a bit south of Beijing. It is the 7th largest river in the world, running west to east, and draining into the Bohai Sea.
What is the 1st Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Freedom of speech, press, religion, peaceable assembly, and to petition the government.
What is the 2nd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Right to keep and bear arms.
What is the 3rd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Protection from quartering of troops.
What is the 4th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Protection from unreasonable search and seizure.
What is the 5th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Due process, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, private property.
What is the 6th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Trial by jury, speedy trial, and other rights of the accused.
What is the 7th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Civil trial by jury.
What is the 8th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Prohibition of excessive bail, as well as cruel or unusual punishment.
What is the 9th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Protection of rights not specifically enumerated in the Bill of Rights.
What is the 10th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Powers of states and people. Anything not in the constitution is left to the states.
What is the 11th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1795): Clarifies judicial power over foreign nationals, and limits ability of citizens to sue states in federal courts and under federal law.
What is the 12th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1804): Changes the method of presidential elections so that members of the electoral college cast separate ballots for president and vice president.
What is the 13th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1865): Abolishes slavery and grants Congress power to enforce abolition.
What is the 14th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1868): Defines United States citizenship; prohibits states from abridging citizens' privileges or immunities and right to due process and the equal protection of the law; repeals the three-fifths compromise.
What is the 15th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1870): Prohibits the federal government and the states from using a citizen's race, color, or previous status as a slave as a qualification for voting.
What is the 16th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1913): Authorizes unapportioned federal taxes on income.
What is the 17th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1913): Establishes direct election of senators.
What is the 18th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1919): Prohibited the manufacturing, importing, and exporting of beverage alcohol. Repealed by the Twenty-First Amendment.
What is the 19th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1920): Prohibits the federal government and the states from using a citizen's sex as a qualification for voting.
What is the 20th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1933): Changes details of Congressional and presidential terms and of presidential succession. (lame duck ammendment)
What is the 21st Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1933): Repeals Eighteenth Amendment but permits states to retain prohibition and ban the importation of alcohol.
What is the 22nd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1951): Limits president to two terms.
What is the 23rd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1961): Grants presidential electors to the District of Columbia.
What is the 24th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1964): Prohibits the federal government and the states from requiring the payment of a tax as a qualification for voting for federal officials. (poll taxes)
What is the 25th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1967): Changes details of presidential succession, provides for temporary removal of president, and provides for replacement of the vice president.
What is the 26th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1971): Prohibits the federal government and the states from using an age greater than 18 as a qualification to vote.
What is the 27th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1992): Limits congressional pay raises. Was one of original 12 Bill of Rights.
What does Article 1 of the US Constitution Cover?
Legislative Power
What does Article 2 of the US Constitution Cover?
Executive Power
What does Article 3 of the US Constitution Cover?
Judicial Power
What does Article 4 of the US Constitution Cover?
States Powers & Limits
What does Article 5 of the US Constitution Cover?
Process of Ammendment
What does Article 6 of the US Constitution Cover?
Federal Power
What does Article 7 of the US Constitution Cover?
Process of Ratification
What was the Mayflower Compact?
(1620): First governing document of Plymoth Colony.
What was the Massachussets Body of Liberties?
(1641): First established legal code in New England. Compiled by the Puritan minister Nathaniel Ward.
What was the English Bill of Rights?
(1689): It is one of the basic documents of English constitutional law, alongside Magna Carta, the Act of Settlement and the Parliament Acts.
Who Wrote "Common Sense" ?
Thomas Paine. In 1776, it advocated reasons for splitting from Britain.
What was "The Rights of Man"?
Thomas Paine wrote the Rights of Man in 1791, it is a work glorifying the French Revolution.
What are "The Federalist Papers"?
A series of 85 articles arguing for the ratification of the United States Constitution. They were first published serially in New York City newspapers. A compilation, called The Federalist, was published in 1788. The Federalist Papers serve as a primary source for interpretation of the Constitution, as they outline the philosophy and motivation of the proposed system of government. The articles were written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay.
What political party did Alexander Hamilton start?
The Federalist party in 1792, which advocated strong national government. It was opposed by Thomas Jefferson & James Madison's Republican party.
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
With war looming against a major power, France, Federalists in Congress in 1798 passed the laws to protect national security. These 4 laws limited freedom of speech, made it possible to kick out foreign nationals, and changed citizenship to be gained after 14 years of residence, instead of 5. Never tested in court, but is generally accepted to be unconstitutional.
What was the Alien Registration Act?
AKA - Smith Act of 1940 made it a criminal offense for anyone to conspire to overthrow the government. It also required all non-citizen adult residents to register with the government. The Act is best known for its use against political organizations and figures, mostly on the left. A series of United States Supreme Court decisions in 1957 threw out numerous convictions under the Smith Act as unconstitutional.
Name the countries that feed into the Nile River.
Sudan, Ethiopia, Egypt, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, Eritrea, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Name the countries that feed into the Amazon River.
Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
What countries feed into the Congo River?
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, Angola, Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Cameroon, Zambia, Burundi, Rwanda
What countries feed into the Niger River?
Nigeria, Mali, Niger, Algeria, Guinea, Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Chad
What body of water does the Danube drain into?
The Black Sea.
What countries feed into the Danube River?
Romania (28.9%), Hungary (11.7%), Austria (10.3%), Serbia and Montenegro (10.3%), Germany (7.5%), Slovakia (5.8%), Bulgaria (5.2%), Bosnia and Herzegovina (4.8%), Croatia (4.5%), Ukraine (3.8%), Czech Republic (2.6%), Slovenia (2.2%), Moldova (1.7%), Switzerland (0.32%), Italy (0.15%), Poland (0.09%), Albania (0.03%)
What countries feed into the Brahmaputra River?
India (58.0%), P.R. China (19.7%), Nepal (9.0%), Bangladesh (6.6%), Disputed India/P.R. China (4.2%), Bhutan (2.4%)
What river expels the most water / second?
The Amazon
What countries feed into the Mekong River?
Laos, Thailand, P.R. China, Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar
What was The Berlin Conference?
1884-1885 regulated European colonisation and trade in Africa. Its outcome, the General Act of the Berlin Conference, is often seen as the formalization of the Scramble for Africa.
What African countries were never colonized?
Ethiopia and Liberia.
What is the world's largest desert?
Antartica. The largest hot desert is the Sahara in North Africa, which is the size of the U.S.
Name the 3 deserts of Africa from north to south.
Sahara, Namib, Kalahari
What natural features border the Gobi Desert?
The desert basins of the Gobi are bounded by the Altay Mountains and the grasslands and steppes of Mongolia on the north, by the Tibetan Plateau to the southwest, and by the North China Plain to the southeast.
What countries have access to the Dead Sea?
It is on the border between the West Bank, Israel, and Jordan.
What countries have access to the Black Sea?
Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia, Russia, Ukraine
What countries have access to the Caspian Sea?
Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Azerbaijan. Russia's Volga river and a canal system links it to the Black Sea.
Where are the Ural Mountains?
Western Russia.
What killed more people: the black plague or colonization of america?
Colonization of America.
Which side did native americans fight on in the American Revolution?
Both, but mainly supported the British.
What was the Indian Removal Act?
(1830): A law passed by Congress in order to facilitate the relocation of American Indian tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands further west. It authorized President Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living within the boundaries of existing U.S. states. Resulted in the forcable movement of tens of thousands of native americans. The most well known was the Trail of Tears (1838), when 4,000 Cherokees were killed during their forced relocation.
What were the "Five Civilized Tribes"
The Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole tribes, all located in the southeast. They were considered civilized by whites because they followed many of their practices, such as slavery.
What was the Battle of the Little Bighorn?
(1876): Also called Custer's Last Stand, it was the most famous incident of the Indian Wars. Cheyenne and Sioux Indians killed Custer and all of his men.
What was Jamestown?
The first successful English colony, established in 1607 on a small river near Chesapeake Bay. It was headed by John Smith, who befriended Pocahontas. It was all male.
Where did the pilgrims settle?
In Massachussetts, established Plymouth in 1620.
Who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
The Puritans in 1629.
What year did the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty take effect? What countries had nues then and now?
1970. U.S., U.K., China, Russia, France had them then. Today Israel, Pakistan, and India do also.
What was the Agricultural Revolution?
Period from the early 1700s until the mid-1800s during which machines and improved technology replaced manual labor and traditional methods in farming.
What were the Allied Powers?
The countries of Britain, Soviet Union, United States, and France that formed an alliance during World War II.
What were the Articles of Confederation?
The compact that was first made by the original thirteen states of the United States and was adopted March 1, 1781, and remained the supreme law until March 1789.
What were the Axis Powers?
A group of countries that opposed the Allied Powers in World War II, including Germany, Italy, and Japan as well as Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Yugoslavia.
What group controlled Mexico when Spanish settlers arrived in the 16th century?
The Aztecs.
What was the Berlin Airlift?
Airlift by U.S. in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of West Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin.
When did the Berlin Wall exist?
1961 to 1989.
What was the Boston Massacre?
March 5, 1770, a brawl between American colonists and British soldiers where the colonists hit the British soldiers with snowballs and the British soldiers shot into the crowd killing 5 of the colonists.
Who were the "Buffalo Soldiers"?
Members of one of the African American regiments within the U.S. Army after the Civil War, serving primarily in the Indian wars of the late 1860s.
What were the Camp David Accords?
Started by President Carter in 1978, a framework for peace negotiations concerning Israeli-occupied Arab territories Jordan's West Bank, and Egypt's Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula.
What was the Declaration of Independance?
The document recording the announcement of the second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain.
What is the difference between de facto segregation and de jure segregation?
De facto segregation is segregation of races that actually exists, though not by law. De jure segregation is segregation of races by law.
Who were the Democratic-Republicans?
Early political party that was unopposed in national politics through the Era of Good Feeling; split in 1828. They advocated states powers and strict constructionism of the constitution. Opposed Alexander Hamilton's Federalist party.
What was the importance of Dred Scott v. Sanford?
In 1857, the Supreme Court ruled that even free Africans could not sue in a federal court, since they were not citizens of the United States and that slaves brought into free territory remained slaves because they were a form of property.
What is the elastic clause?
Part of Article I of the Constitution that gives Congress authority to pass laws in addition to those specified.
What was the Emancipation Proclimation?
Declaration issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in those territories still rebelling against the Union.
What was the Embargo Act of 1807?
It prohibited all international exports from American ports. It represented President Thomas Jefferson's response to the United Kingdom's Orders in Council (1807) and France's Continental System, which were severely hurting America's merchant marines. Although it was designed to force the British and French to change their commercial systems, neither country did, and the Act was repealed in 1808. The Act failed to prevent the War of 1812.
What was the Age of Enlightenment?
It was 18th century european philosophical movement (part of Age of Reason). Leading thinkers believed that the future could be shaped and directed by reason. They believed that society was based on natural laws. Thus, these thinkers challenged the power of absolute monarchs or kings and the idea that a monarch or king ruled by divine right.
What was the Era of Good Feelings?
Period from 1815 to 1821 that followed the War of 1812 where the last Federalist candidate was defeated and the issues of slavery were emerging as a result of the Missouri Compromise. James Monroe defeated the last Federalist candidate in 1816, and won unopposed in 1820.
What was the espionage act of 1917?
Passed by Congress in 1917 after the United States entered World War I; set a $10,000 fine and 20 years imprisonment for interfering with the recruiting of troops or the disclosure of information dealing with national defense.
What is the definition of Fascism?
Form of government characterized by militarism, extreme nationalism, and a oneparty dictatorship.
Describe the Federal Reserve System.
The central bank of the United States; incorporates 12 Federal Reserve branch banks and all national banks and state-charted commercial banks and some trust companies. It was was created in 1913 by the Federal Reserve Act. The main tasks of the Federal Reserve are:
Who is Alan Greenspan? Was chairman of the Fed from 1987-2006. His replacement is Ben Bernanke.
What happened at Fort Sumter? In 1861 Confederates attacked the fort, which led to its surrender and was the opening engagement of the Civil War. It is located in Charleston, South Carolina.
What was the French and Indian War? The war that raged in North America through the late 1750's and early 1760's was but one part of the larger struggle between England and France for dominance in world trade and naval power. The British victory in that struggle, known in Europe as the Seven Years' War , ended the long struggle among the three principal powers in northeastern North America: The English, the French, and the Iroquois Confederacy, it confirmed England's commercial supremacy and cemented its control of the settled regions of North America.
What was the Fugitive Slave Law? In 1850, the law stated that in the future any federal marshal who did not arrest an alleged runaway slave could be fined $1000, people suspected of being a runaway slave could be arrested without warrant and turned over to a claimant on nothing more than his or her sworn testimony of ownership, and any person aiding a runaway slave by providing shelter, food or any other form of assistance was liable to six months imprisonment and a $1000 fine.
What was the Gilded Age? The Gilded Age (c.1876-1914) was a period of intense economic development and wealth transfer in the United States. Following the generation of the American Civil War and Reconstruction of the South, this period corresponded with the Second Industrial Revolution and the greatest economic, territorial, industrial, and population expansion in American history. The explosion of commerce and heavy industry, supported by mercantilist economic policies and federal railway subsidies, the innovation of new techniques in steel production and the use of electric power, and the continued development of the American West catalyzed dramatic social changes, created a number of immensely wealthy businessmen, the Robber Barons", and also galvanized the American Labor Movement.
What was the Good Neighbor Policy?
The "Good Neighbor" policy was the policy of the United States Administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in relation to Latin America during 1933-45, when the active U.S. intervention of previous decades was moderated in pursuit of hemispheric solidarity against external threats.
Where is the Yellow River
In Northeast China, the mouth is a bit south of Beijing. It is the 7th largest river in the world, running west to east, and draining into the Bohai Sea.
What is the 1st Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Freedom of speech, press, religion, peaceable assembly, and to petition the government.
What is the 2nd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Right to keep and bear arms.
What is the 3rd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Protection from quartering of troops.
What is the 4th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Protection from unreasonable search and seizure.
What is the 5th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Due process, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, private property.
What is the 6th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Trial by jury, speedy trial, and other rights of the accused.
What is the 7th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Civil trial by jury.
What is the 8th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Prohibition of excessive bail, as well as cruel or unusual punishment.
What is the 9th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Protection of rights not specifically enumerated in the Bill of Rights.
What is the 10th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
Powers of states and people. Anything not in the constitution is left to the states.
What is the 11th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1795): Clarifies judicial power over foreign nationals, and limits ability of citizens to sue states in federal courts and under federal law.
What is the 12th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1804): Changes the method of presidential elections so that members of the electoral college cast separate ballots for president and vice president.
What is the 13th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1865): Abolishes slavery and grants Congress power to enforce abolition.
What is the 14th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1868): Defines United States citizenship; prohibits states from abridging citizens' privileges or immunities and right to due process and the equal protection of the law; repeals the three-fifths compromise.
What is the 15th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1870): Prohibits the federal government and the states from using a citizen's race, color, or previous status as a slave as a qualification for voting.
What is the 16th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1913): Authorizes unapportioned federal taxes on income.
What is the 17th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1913): Establishes direct election of senators.
What is the 18th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1919): Prohibited the manufacturing, importing, and exporting of beverage alcohol. Repealed by the Twenty-First Amendment.
What is the 19th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1920): Prohibits the federal government and the states from using a citizen's sex as a qualification for voting.
What is the 20th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1933): Changes details of Congressional and presidential terms and of presidential succession. (lame duck ammendment)
What is the 21st Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1933): Repeals Eighteenth Amendment but permits states to retain prohibition and ban the importation of alcohol.
What is the 22nd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1951): Limits president to two terms.
What is the 23rd Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1961): Grants presidential electors to the District of Columbia.
What is the 24th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1964): Prohibits the federal government and the states from requiring the payment of a tax as a qualification for voting for federal officials. (poll taxes)
What is the 25th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1967): Changes details of presidential succession, provides for temporary removal of president, and provides for replacement of the vice president.
What is the 26th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1971): Prohibits the federal government and the states from using an age greater than 18 as a qualification to vote.
What is the 27th Ammendment of the US Constitution?
(1992): Limits congressional pay raises. Was one of original 12 Bill of Rights.
What does Article 1 of the US Constitution Cover?
Legislative Power
What does Article 2 of the US Constitution Cover?
Executive Power
What does Article 3 of the US Constitution Cover?
Judicial Power
What does Article 4 of the US Constitution Cover?
States Powers & Limits
What does Article 5 of the US Constitution Cover?
Process of Ammendment
What does Article 6 of the US Constitution Cover?
Federal Power
What does Article 7 of the US Constitution Cover?
Process of Ratification
What was the Mayflower Compact?
(1620): First governing document of Plymoth Colony.
What was the Massachussets Body of Liberties?
(1641): First established legal code in New England. Compiled by the Puritan minister Nathaniel Ward.
What was the English Bill of Rights?
(1689): It is one of the basic documents of English constitutional law, alongside Magna Carta, the Act of Settlement and the Parliament Acts.
Who Wrote "Common Sense" ?
Thomas Paine. In 1776, it advocated reasons for splitting from Britain.
What was "The Rights of Man"?
Thomas Paine wrote the Rights of Man in 1791, it is a work glorifying the French Revolution.
What are "The Federalist Papers"?
A series of 85 articles arguing for the ratification of the United States Constitution. They were first published serially in New York City newspapers. A compilation, called The Federalist, was published in 1788. The Federalist Papers serve as a primary source for interpretation of the Constitution, as they outline the philosophy and motivation of the proposed system of government. The articles were written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay.
What political party did Alexander Hamilton start?
The Federalist party in 1792, which advocated strong national government. It was opposed by Thomas Jefferson & James Madison's Republican party.
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
With war looming against a major power, France, Federalists in Congress in 1798 passed the laws to protect national security. These 4 laws limited freedom of speech, made it possible to kick out foreign nationals, and changed citizenship to be gained after 14 years of residence, instead of 5. Never tested in court, but is generally accepted to be unconstitutional.
What was the Alien Registration Act?
AKA - Smith Act of 1940 made it a criminal offense for anyone to conspire to overthrow the government. It also required all non-citizen adult residents to register with the government. The Act is best known for its use against political organizations and figures, mostly on the left. A series of United States Supreme Court decisions in 1957 threw out numerous convictions under the Smith Act as unconstitutional.
Name the countries that feed into the Nile River.
Sudan, Ethiopia, Egypt, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, Eritrea, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Name the countries that feed into the Amazon River.
Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
What countries feed into the Congo River?
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, Angola, Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Cameroon, Zambia, Burundi, Rwanda
What countries feed into the Niger River?
Nigeria, Mali, Niger, Algeria, Guinea, Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Chad
What body of water does the Danube drain into?
The Black Sea.
What countries feed into the Danube River?
Romania (28.9%), Hungary (11.7%), Austria (10.3%), Serbia and Montenegro (10.3%), Germany (7.5%), Slovakia (5.8%), Bulgaria (5.2%), Bosnia and Herzegovina (4.8%), Croatia (4.5%), Ukraine (3.8%), Czech Republic (2.6%), Slovenia (2.2%), Moldova (1.7%), Switzerland (0.32%), Italy (0.15%), Poland (0.09%), Albania (0.03%)
What countries feed into the Brahmaputra River?
India (58.0%), P.R. China (19.7%), Nepal (9.0%), Bangladesh (6.6%), Disputed India/P.R. China (4.2%), Bhutan (2.4%)
What river expels the most water / second?
The Amazon
What countries feed into the Mekong River?
Laos, Thailand, P.R. China, Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar
What was The Berlin Conference?
1884-1885 regulated European colonisation and trade in Africa. Its outcome, the General Act of the Berlin Conference, is often seen as the formalization of the Scramble for Africa.
What African countries were never colonized?
Ethiopia and Liberia.
What is the world's largest desert?
Antartica. The largest hot desert is the Sahara in North Africa, which is the size of the U.S.
Name the 3 deserts of Africa from north to south.
Sahara, Namib, Kalahari
What natural features border the Gobi Desert?
The desert basins of the Gobi are bounded by the Altay Mountains and the grasslands and steppes of Mongolia on the north, by the Tibetan Plateau to the southwest, and by the North China Plain to the southeast.
What countries have access to the Dead Sea?
It is on the border between the West Bank, Israel, and Jordan.
What countries have access to the Black Sea?
Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia, Russia, Ukraine
What countries have access to the Caspian Sea?
Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Azerbaijan. Russia's Volga river and a canal system links it to the Black Sea.
Where are the Ural Mountains?
Western Russia.
What killed more people: the black plague or colonization of america?
Colonization of America.
Which side did native americans fight on in the American Revolution?
Both, but mainly supported the British.
What was the Indian Removal Act?
(1830): A law passed by Congress in order to facilitate the relocation of American Indian tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands further west. It authorized President Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living within the boundaries of existing U.S. states. Resulted in the forcable movement of tens of thousands of native americans. The most well known was the Trail of Tears (1838), when 4,000 Cherokees were killed during their forced relocation.
What were the "Five Civilized Tribes"
The Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole tribes, all located in the southeast. They were considered civilized by whites because they followed many of their practices, such as slavery.
What was the Battle of the Little Bighorn?
(1876): Also called Custer's Last Stand, it was the most famous incident of the Indian Wars. Cheyenne and Sioux Indians killed Custer and all of his men.
What was Jamestown?
The first successful English colony, established in 1607 on a small river near Chesapeake Bay. It was headed by John Smith, who befriended Pocahontas. It was all male.
Where did the pilgrims settle?
In Massachussetts, established Plymouth in 1620.
Who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
The Puritans in 1629.
What year did the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty take effect? What countries had nues then and now?
1970. U.S., U.K., China, Russia, France had them then. Today Israel, Pakistan, and India do also.
What was the Agricultural Revolution?
Period from the early 1700s until the mid-1800s during which machines and improved technology replaced manual labor and traditional methods in farming.
What were the Allied Powers?
The countries of Britain, Soviet Union, United States, and France that formed an alliance during World War II.
What were the Articles of Confederation?
The compact that was first made by the original thirteen states of the United States and was adopted March 1, 1781, and remained the supreme law until March 1789.
What were the Axis Powers?
A group of countries that opposed the Allied Powers in World War II, including Germany, Italy, and Japan as well as Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Yugoslavia.
What group controlled Mexico when Spanish settlers arrived in the 16th century?
The Aztecs.
What was the Berlin Airlift?
Airlift by U.S. in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of West Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin.
When did the Berlin Wall exist?
1961 to 1989.
What was the Boston Massacre?
March 5, 1770, a brawl between American colonists and British soldiers where the colonists hit the British soldiers with snowballs and the British soldiers shot into the crowd killing 5 of the colonists.
Who were the "Buffalo Soldiers"?
Members of one of the African American regiments within the U.S. Army after the Civil War, serving primarily in the Indian wars of the late 1860s.
What were the Camp David Accords?
Started by President Carter in 1978, a framework for peace negotiations concerning Israeli-occupied Arab territories Jordan's West Bank, and Egypt's Gaza Strip and Sinai Peninsula.
What was the Declaration of Independance?
The document recording the announcement of the second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain.
What is the difference between de facto segregation and de jure segregation?
De facto segregation is segregation of races that actually exists, though not by law. De jure segregation is segregation of races by law.
Who were the Democratic-Republicans?
Early political party that was unopposed in national politics through the Era of Good Feeling; split in 1828. They advocated states powers and strict constructionism of the constitution. Opposed Alexander Hamilton's Federalist party.
What was the importance of Dred Scott v. Sanford?
In 1857, the Supreme Court ruled that even free Africans could not sue in a federal court, since they were not citizens of the United States and that slaves brought into free territory remained slaves because they were a form of property.
What is the elastic clause?
Part of Article I of the Constitution that gives Congress authority to pass laws in addition to those specified.
What was the Emancipation Proclimation?
Declaration issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in those territories still rebelling against the Union.
What was the Embargo Act of 1807?
It prohibited all international exports from American ports. It represented President Thomas Jefferson's response to the United Kingdom's Orders in Council (1807) and France's Continental System, which were severely hurting America's merchant marines. Although it was designed to force the British and French to change their commercial systems, neither country did, and the Act was repealed in 1808. The Act failed to prevent the War of 1812.
What was the Age of Enlightenment?
It was 18th century european philosophical movement (part of Age of Reason). Leading thinkers believed that the future could be shaped and directed by reason. They believed that society was based on natural laws. Thus, these thinkers challenged the power of absolute monarchs or kings and the idea that a monarch or king ruled by divine right.
What was the Era of Good Feelings?
Period from 1815 to 1821 that followed the War of 1812 where the last Federalist candidate was defeated and the issues of slavery were emerging as a result of the Missouri Compromise. James Monroe defeated the last Federalist candidate in 1816, and won unopposed in 1820.
What was the espionage act of 1917?
Passed by Congress in 1917 after the United States entered World War I; set a $10,000 fine and 20 years imprisonment for interfering with the recruiting of troops or the disclosure of information dealing with national defense.
What is the definition of Fascism?
Form of government characterized by militarism, extreme nationalism, and a oneparty dictatorship.
Describe the Federal Reserve System.
The central bank of the United States; incorporates 12 Federal Reserve branch banks and all national banks and state-charted commercial banks and some trust companies. It was was created in 1913 by the Federal Reserve Act. The main tasks of the Federal Reserve are:
Who is Alan Greenspan? Was chairman of the Fed from 1987-2006. His replacement is Ben Bernanke.
What happened at Fort Sumter? In 1861 Confederates attacked the fort, which led to its surrender and was the opening engagement of the Civil War. It is located in Charleston, South Carolina.
What was the French and Indian War? The war that raged in North America through the late 1750's and early 1760's was but one part of the larger struggle between England and France for dominance in world trade and naval power. The British victory in that struggle, known in Europe as the Seven Years' War , ended the long struggle among the three principal powers in northeastern North America: The English, the French, and the Iroquois Confederacy, it confirmed England's commercial supremacy and cemented its control of the settled regions of North America.
What was the Fugitive Slave Law? In 1850, the law stated that in the future any federal marshal who did not arrest an alleged runaway slave could be fined $1000, people suspected of being a runaway slave could be arrested without warrant and turned over to a claimant on nothing more than his or her sworn testimony of ownership, and any person aiding a runaway slave by providing shelter, food or any other form of assistance was liable to six months imprisonment and a $1000 fine.
What was the Gilded Age? The Gilded Age (c.1876-1914) was a period of intense economic development and wealth transfer in the United States. Following the generation of the American Civil War and Reconstruction of the South, this period corresponded with the Second Industrial Revolution and the greatest economic, territorial, industrial, and population expansion in American history. The explosion of commerce and heavy industry, supported by mercantilist economic policies and federal railway subsidies, the innovation of new techniques in steel production and the use of electric power, and the continued development of the American West catalyzed dramatic social changes, created a number of immensely wealthy businessmen, the Robber Barons", and also galvanized the American Labor Movement.
What was the Good Neighbor Policy?
The "Good Neighbor" policy was the policy of the United States Administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in relation to Latin America during 1933-45, when the active U.S. intervention of previous decades was moderated in pursuit of hemispheric solidarity against external threats.
Name the capital and bordering countries of Chad.
N'Djamena. Libya, C.A.R, Cameroon, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan. Contains Lake Chad.
Name the capital and bordering countries of Chile.
Santiago. South Pacific Ocean, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, South Atlantic Ocean via Straight of Magellan.
Name the capital and bordering countries of China.
Beijing. Mongolia, Russsia, Vietnam, Burma, Laos, Bhutan, Nepal, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgystan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, South China Sea, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, Sea of Japan. Contains, Yellow, Mekong, Pearl, and Yangtze rivers.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Colombia.
Bogota. Caribbean Sea, Venezuela, Brazil, Panama, Ecuador, Peru, Pacific Ocean. Amazon River forms part of the border with Peru.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Kinshasa. Republic of the Congo (Congo River makes a large part of the border), Angola, Tanzania (across lake Tanganyika), Rwanda, Brundi, C.A.R., Uganda, Sudan, Zambia. Contains Lualaba river.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Republic of the Congo.
Brazzaville. South Atlantic Ocean, Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo (most of border is Congo River), Cameroon, Equitorial Guinea, C.A.R.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Costa Rica.
San Jose. Nicaragua, Panama, Caribbean Sea, Pacific Ocean.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Cote d'Ivorie.
Yamoussoukro. Ghana, Burkina Faso, Liberia, Atlantic Ocean, Guinea, Mali.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Croatia.
Zagreb. Slovenia, Adriatic Sea, Sebia and Montenegro (Danube river forms the border), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Czech Republic.
Prague. Germany, Slovakia, Poland, Austria. Contains the Elbe river.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Denmark.
Copenhagen. North Sea, Baltic Sea, Germany, cose to Sweden.
What was the Marshall Plan?
Program of European economic recovery after World War II, financed by the United States. Britain, France, West Germany, The Netherlands, Belgium, and Italy were main recipients. Named for United States Secretary of State George Marshall and supported by President Truman.
Who were the Mayans?
An American Indian people of Yucatan and Belize and Guatemala who had a culture characterized by outstanding architecture and pottery and astronomy; noted for their architecture and city planning, their mathematics and calendar, and their hieroglyphic writing system. They existed at least as early as 1000 BC, and were in decline by the time of Spanish arrival in 1500s. Their society was arranged around kindoms and large cities.
What was the Mexican War?
(1846–1848) A war between the United States and Mexico, resulting in the cession by Mexico of lands now constituting all or most of the states of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado.
What year was the NAACP founded?
1910
What year did NAFTA take effect?
1994
What year was NATO created?
1949
When did the Nuremburg Trials take place?
1945-1946. They were the first international war crimes trials.
What was the "open door policy"?
United States efforts to develop a trade relationship with China in the late 1800s to early 1900s; urged European nations with spheres of influence in China to not restrict trade in those areas.
When was the Oregon territory dispute settled?
The United States and Great Britain signed the Treaty of 1846, which set the boundary at the 49th parallel, where it is today.
What was the Pinckney Treaty?
Also known as the Treaty of San Lorenzo or the Treaty of Madrid, was signed in San Lorenzo de El Escorial on October 27, 1795 and established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain. It also defined the boundaries of the U.S. with the Spanish colonies and guaranteed U.S. navigation rights on the Mississippi River.
Who were the Populists?
The People’s Party of 1892 that sought radical reforms in United States economic and social policies; supported a silver standard, increased money supply, and a graduated income tax.
What was the immigration act of 1924?
Set immigration quotas of 2 percent of the number of foreign-born persons from a given nation, based on the Census of 1890. Drastically cut immigration from south and east europe, as well as asia.
How long did reconstruction last?
1865 to 1877 the states of the Confederacy were controlled by the federal government before being readmitted to the Union. First were occupied by Union armies, then readmitted to the union after elections which saw many former slaves vote, and blacks even win positions of power.
What was the sherman Anti-Trust Act?
1890 federal antitrust law intended to control or prohibit monopolies by forbidding certain practices that restrain competition. In the early 1900s, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the act applied only to unreasonable restraints of trade and thus could be used only against severe monopolies.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Djibouti.
Djibouti. Eritrea, Somolia, Ethiopia, Red Sea.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of the Dominican Republic.
Santo Domingo. Haiti, North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of East Timor.
Dili. Indonesia, Timor Sea, Banda Sea (south Pacific Ocean).
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Ecuador.
Quito. Columbia, Peru, Pacific Ocean.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Egypt.
Cairo. Israel, Gaza Strip, Saudi Arabia (across red sea), Jordan, Sudan, Libya, Mediterranean sea.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of El Salvador.
San Salvador. Honduras, Guatemala, Pacific Ocean.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Equatorial Guinea.
Malabo. Cameroon, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Eritrea.
Asmara. Red Sea, Sudan, Djibouti, Ethiopia.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Estonia.
Tallinn. Baltic Sea, Latvia, Russia, Finland (across gulf of Finland).
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Ethiopia.
Addis Ababa. Sudan, Djibouti, Eritrea, Somolia, Kenya. Contains source of the Blue Nile & the great rift valley.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Fiji.
Suva. South Pacific Ocean.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Finland.
Helinski. Russia, North Sea, Sweden, Norway, Estonia (across gulf of Finland), Baltic Sea.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of France.
Paris (on the Seine river). Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany (Rhine river forms part of the border), Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Andorra, English Channel (North Atlantic), Mediterranean Sea. Also contains the Rhone river.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of French Guiana.
Cayenne. North Atlantic Ocean, Suriname, Brazil. The only non-independant state in South America.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of French Polynesia.
Papeete. South Pacific ocean. France conducted nuclear tests here as recently as 1996.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Gabon.
Libreville. Atlantic Ocean, Equitorial Guiana, Cameroon, Republic of the congo.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Gabon.
Libreville. Atlantic Ocean, Equitorial Guiana, Cameroon, Republic of the congo.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of The Gambia.
Banjul. Senegal, Atlantic Ocean. Contains the Gambia river delta.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Georgia.
Tblisi (on the Mlkvari River). Russia (across the caucas mountains), Black Sea, Armenia, Turkey, Azerbaijan.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Germany.
Berlin (on the Elbe river). Poland, France, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Austria, Denmark, Neatherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, North Sea, Baltic Sea. Also contains the Danube and Rhine rivers.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Ghana.
Accra. Togo, Cote d'Ivorie, Burkina Faso, Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic). Contains Lake Volta.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Greece.
Athens. Macedonia, Albania, Turkey, Bulgaria, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea, Sea of Crete, Mediterranean Sea.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Guatemala.
Guatemala City. Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, Belize, Pacific Ocean, Mediterranean Sea.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Guinea.
Conakry. Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote d'Ivorie, Atlantic Ocean. Contains the Niger River.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Guinea-Bissau.
Bissau. Senegal, Guinea, Atlantic Ocean.
Name the capital and neighboring countries of Guyana.
Georgetown. Venezuela, Suriname, Brazil, Atlantic Ocean.
When was the Social Security Act enacted?
1935 by FDR's New Deal platform.
What was the Spanish American war?
A war between Spain and the United States in 1898, as a result of which Spain ceded Puerto Rico, the Philippine Islands, and Guam to the United States and abandoned all claim to Cuba, which became independant in 1902.
What year was Sputnik Launched?
1957
What was Tammany Hall?
The democratic political machine controlling New York City politics from the 1854 to the 1934.
Who were the Tories?
The majority party in the British Parliament during the American Revolution; also the name for American colonists still loyal to the crown.
What was the Truman Doctrine?
(1947) Cold-War policy, established by President Harry S. Truman, pledging United States support for free people's resisting communism.
When was the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights passed?
1948
What was the Wagner Act?
National Labor Relations Act of 1935; legalized union practices such as collective bargaining and the closed shop and outlawed certain antiunion practices such as blacklisting. Part of FDR's programs.
How long is a US senator's term?
6 years. It seems more often because elections are staggered.
How is a president impeached?
There are two steps: First the House of Reps passes the articles of impeachment, which are the formal allegations, by a simple majority. Next, the Senate votes, by two-thirds majority to convict.
What is 11th amendment "immunity"?
Generally, a state is immune from suit by an individual. However, a state can consent to be sued, or Congress can abrogate a state's immunity, as long as it is within Congress' authority to do so (i.e. constitutional authority).
How is the vacancy of the office of the Vice President filled?
The president nominates a person, who then must be confirmed by a majoirty vote of both houses of Congress. This is embodied in the 25th Amendment.
What is "fast track" authority in the context of trade agreements?
In various acts, Congress delegated the authority to negotiate trade agreements (treaties) to the president. The Senate then can vote the agreement up or down. Not really provided for by the constitution, but is in practice. Other countries like dealing with only the president, rather than the entire US senate. See Article II Section 2, Clause 2.
Does the President have "line item veto" power?
No. The Supreme Court upheld a lower court's ruling finding the line item veto to be unconstitutional, as the constitution lays out how the president may veto a bill, but is silent as to amending it. This leaves open the question if the constitution can be amended to allow for such a procedure.
Can US states create their own foreign policy?
Generally no. US treaties and federal law are said to preempt any state or local law that can be said to be in the area of foreign relations. There is some wiggle room here, however if the effect of the local statute or ordinance is minimal. Courts upheld south african apartheid legislation, wherein cities forced pension funds to divest themselves of any South African investments.
Who may suspend the writ of habeas corpus and when?
Who: Good question. Traditionally it was thought that only congress could do so as the power to suspend HC was found in article I of the constitution, wherein the legislature's powers are defined. Lincoln did it, and though it was found to be unconstitutional, he merely ignored the ruling. PResident Grant also did it.
Why is the Supreme Court case "West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish" important?
The Supreme Court struck down many of the FDR's New Deal reforms because they found they interfered with an individual's right to contract, implicit in the due process clause of the 14th amendmnet. This case, however, was when the supreme court basically overruled itself and started upholding many of FDRs laws, such as minimum wage, and laws limiting the number of working hours, etc. Effectively, one member of the court switched sides after FDR threatened to go to congress to ask to expand the number of supreme court justices so that he could attain a majority. The Judge's change of heart is known as the "switch in time that saved nine."
What is an ex-post facto law?
It is a law that punishes conduct that was not previously proscribed. So for instance, a gov't cannot outlaw being a Seahawks fan tomorrow and punish all of those seahawk fans at the superbowl yesterday. This is explictly prohibited by the constitution in Article I, Sectin 9, clause 3 of the constitution. A more common example is when a legislature increases the punishment for a crime. So say a person is convicted of burglary and the maximum sentence, which he receives, is 10 years. The legislature cannot then say that all burglars should get 30 years in prison and make that retroactive to a person already convicted.
What top-level domain is assigned to government organizations in the US?
.gov
What top-level domain is assigned to colleges and universities in the US?
.edu
What top-level domain is assigned to most Canadian companies and organizations?
.ca
What top-level domain is assigned to most French companies and organizations?
.fr
What top-level domain is assigned to non-profit organizations?
.org
What top-level domain is assigned to the Department of Army?
.mil
A .xls extension indicates what kind of file?
spreadsheet
What is a program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes?
virus
Files that are sent along with an email message are called?
attachments
What function do you use to automatically insert data from an xcel file to a word document?
Mail merge wizard
What top-level domain is assigned to most British companies and organizations?
.uk
Is www.whitehouse.com a government site?
No, it's a pornographic website.
The line below the "TO:" line is called what?
Subject
In Xcel, what function allows you to automatically list data in alphabetical order?
Data: Sort
An element in an electronic document that links to another place in the same document or to an entirely different document is called what?
hyperlink
What does it mean to backup your files regularly?
To copy files to a second medium (a disk or tape) as a precaution in case the first medium fails.
What top-level domain is assigned to network organizaitons?
.net
What is a domain name?
A name that identifies one or more IP addresses.
Why is broadcasting a useful feature in e-mail systems?
It allows you to simultaneously send the same message to multiple recipients.
In order to protect your Word file so that no one can change the content when shared, you must save the file as what?
read-only
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Haiti?
Port-au-Prince. Domincan republic, Atlantic ocean, mediterranean sea, near Cuba.
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Honduras?
Tegucigalpa. Pacific ocean, mediterranean sea, nicaragua, Guatemala, El Salvador.
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Hungary?
Budapest. Austria, Slovakia, Slovenia, Serbia and montenegro, Romania, Croatia, Ukraine. Contains Danube and Tisza rivers.
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of India?
New Delhi. Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma, Bangladesh, Bay of Bengal and Arabian sea (Indian Ocean). Contains Ganges and Indus rivers.
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Indonesia.
Jakarta. Malaysia, East Timor, Indian Ocean, Pacific ocean, Papua New Guinea, near Brunei, Australia and Phillipines.
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Iran.
Tehran. Pakistan, Iraq, Persian Gulf,(Indian Ocean), Caspian Sea, Afghanistan, Turkistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia. Near Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, UAE.
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Iraq.
Baghdad. Jordan, Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Syria, Persian Gulf. Contains Euphrates and Tigris rivers.
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Ireland.
Dublin. North Ireland (UK), North Atlantic ocean. Near Whales (across irish sea)
What is the Capital and neighboring countries of Israel.
Israel says Jerusalem, most of the world says Tel Aviv. Mediterranean Sea, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Egypt, Red Sea.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Italy.
Rome. Monaco, France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, Mediterranean Sea. Contains Po river.
Name the Capital and neighboring countries of Jamaica.
Kingston. Carribean sea.