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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What were the scientists responsible for the early discoveries in forensic science considered due to the fact that they worked in many forensic disciplines? |
[b]. Generalists |
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Who is responsible for developing probability models, showing that fingerprints were unique? |
[c.] Victor Balthazard |
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Who is credited withestablishing scientific examination of firearms in the US?
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[a.] Calvin Goddard
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Who coined the termCriminalistics?
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[a. ]Hans Gross
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What was Edmund Locard’s main interest in forensic science? |
[Trace Evidence] |
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Who is the father of forensic toxicology? |
[ d.] Mathieu Orfila |
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What term describes when a laboratory has agreed to operate according to a professional or industry standard and has proven that it can and does operate this way? |
[a.] Accreditation |
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How is an expert’s qualification to testify established? |
[c.] Voir Dire |
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Bertillon Alphonse
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anthropometry
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Forensic science has moved more towards a generalists model in which forensic scientists work in various disciplines. |
false |
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Anthropometry remained widely used into the early 1900’s when fingerprints began to replace it. |
true |
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A space for fingerprints was not included on the data cards used in the early systematic method for identification of suspects and criminals? |
false |
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Sherlock Holmesstories were not influential or inspirational to pioneers of forensic sciencedue to their lack of realism to the actual field of forensic science.
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false
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Locard’s ExchangePrinciple, “every contact leaves a trace”, is not an exact phrase used byLocard; it has been evolved from his writings and studies.
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true |
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Forensic scientistscan only testify in criminal action suits and for the prosecution.
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false |
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The difference ofopinion between two experts indicates that one of the experts is unethical.
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false |
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documentation information may be presented in court?
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true |
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What is a Crime Map?
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Basic information about the crime
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At a minimum crime mapshould include?
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- Date,time, location
-Victims -Suspect(if identified) - Eyewitnessreports (to establish probable scenarios) |
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What is Forensic Science? Branches of it? Definitionfor each one
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*** ForensicScience is the application of science to matters of Law.
- Pathology(anatomy and physiology) - Entomology(invertebrate zoology; insects) -Odontology(dentistry) -Physicalanthropology (study of bones) -Microbiology,botany, wildlife… -Bodyfluids (serology) and DNA |
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Matters of Law” include ?
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Crimes, disputes among individuals, establishingrights, investigation of disasters
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Who is considered thetrier-of-fact?
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a. Judge b. Jury
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What are the types ofexamination involved in a court hearing?
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direct |
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Between individuals or parties
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[civil law]
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Violation of criminal laws and involve the governmentas the charging individual
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[prosecution]
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The party that files the criminal charges
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[criminal]
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The party that files the civil action charges [
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[plantiff]
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The party that is under the accusations
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[defendant]
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Pathology
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anatomy |
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Entomology
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-insects
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Odontology
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-dentistry
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Physicalanthropology
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-bones
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Microbiology,botany, wildlife
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-plants
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Bodyfluids (serology) and DNA
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blood |
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Slides that show all Laboratory services
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· -gas chromatography:
· -capillary electrophoresis: dna profiling · -scanning electron: gun shot residue · -comparison microscope: ballistics |
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Random match probability =
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rpm |
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Power of discrimination
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pd |
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Forensic Biology Significance of thesetests and Their limitations;
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[Bloodprotein markers]
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Approximately how many bones does theadult human skeleton have?
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[c.206]
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What is the area where material from thegrave and surrounding areais sifted through to reveal humanremains, artifacts, fibers, and associated insect?
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b.Screening area]
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What animal’s paws are notoriouslysimilar to human hands and feet?
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bear |
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Taphonomy
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- Condition of Human remains
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Decomposition:
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Complete breakdown by bacteria and fungi
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Scavengers:
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Movement and modifications by animals, flowing water, freezing conditions
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Whogenerally develops earlier?
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[b.Females]
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How many teeth do most human adults have?
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[b.32]
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Whatis the dental formula for a human child?
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[a.2.1.2.]
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When does tooth development begin?
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[a.Fetal life]
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Prior to what do most anthropologists notattempt to assign sex?
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[b. Puberty]
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What skeletal feature do many methods usefor forensic ancestry attribution?
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[c. Skull]
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Howoften does adult stature change?
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[a.Throughout the day]
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What term is defined as the ability toestimate stature from long bone lengths on the presence of patterned andproportional relationships between sizes of body parts?
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[b.Allometry]
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What is a legally acceptable technique toprovide positive identification?
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a. Identifiable medical apparatus
b. Fingerprints c. Dentalrecords [d. All ofthe above] |
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Forensictaphonomy
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interpretation of primarily outdoor deathscenes and postmortem process
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Forensicarchaeology
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= recovery of scattered or buried remains
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Facialapproximation
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= modeling soft tissue form based on underlying skeletal form
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