Fruits

Front 1

fruit

Back 1

- any ovary and its accessory parts that has developed and matured
- usually contains seeds

Front 2

exocarp

Back 2

the skin of the fruit

Front 3

endocarp

Back 3

inner boundary around the seed(s)

Front 4

mesocarp

Back 4

the fleshy tissue between the other two

Front 5

pericarp

Back 5

the three regions of the fruit

Front 6

simple fleshy fruits

Back 6

- develop from a flower with a single pistil
- the ovary may be superior or inferior, simple or compound

Front 7

drupe

Back 7

simple fleshy fruit with a single seed enclosed by a hard, stony endocarp, or pit

Hint 7

peaches, cherries, plumbs, olives, coconuts, almonds, walnuts, and pecans

Front 8

berries

Back 8

- develop from a compound ovary and commonly contain more than one seed
- three types

Front 9

true berry

Back 9

thick skin and a pericarp that is relatively soft at maturity

Hint 9

- tomatoes, grapes, persimmons, peppers, and eggplants
- strawberries, raspberries, and blackberries are not berries

Front 10

pepos

Back 10

relatively thick rinds (berry)

Hint 10

pumpkins, cucumbers, watermelons, squashes, and cantaloupes

Front 11

hesperidium

Back 11

leathery skin containing oils (berry)

Hint 11

citrus and kumquats

Front 12

pomes

Back 12

endocarp is papery or leathery (berry)

Hint 12

apples, pears, and quinces

Front 13

dry fruits

Back 13

fruits whose mesocarp is dry at maturity

Front 14

dehiscent fruits

Back 14

dry fruits that split at maturity

Front 15

follicle

Back 15

dry fruit that split along one side or seam

Hint 15

larkspur, columbine, milkweed, and peony

Front 16

legume

Back 16

dry fruit that split along two sides or seams

Hint 16

- peas, beans, garbanzo beans, lentils, carob, kudzu, and mesquite
- peanuts are atypical bc they grow underground

Front 17

siliques and silicles

Back 17

dry fruits that split on two sides, but the seeds are on a central partition

Hint 17

broccoli, cabbage, radish, shepherd's purse, and watercress

Front 18

capsules

Back 18

consist of at least two carpels and split in a variety of ways

Hint 18

irises, orchids, lilies, poppies, violets, and snapdragons

Front 19

indehiscent fruits

Back 19

- dry fruits that do not split at maturity
- single seed united with the pericarp

Front 20

achene

Back 20

base of seed attached to pericarp

Hint 20

sunflower seeds, buttercup, and buckwheat

Front 21

nuts

Back 21

- similar to achenes, but they are larger, and the pericarp is much harder and thicker
- develop with a cup, or cluster, of bracts at their base

Hint 21

acorns, hazelnuts, and hickory nuts

Front 22

grain (caryopsis)

Back 22

pericarp can't be separated from the sees

Hint 22

corn, wheat, rice, oats, and barley

Front 23

samaras

Back 23

pericarp extends out as a wing or membrane

Hint 23

maple, ashes, and elms

Front 24

schizocarp

Back 24

twin fruit

Hint 24

parsley, carrots, anise, caraway, and dill

Front 25

aggregate fruit

Back 25

derived from a single flower with several to many pistils

Hint 25

raspberries, blackberries, and strawberries

Front 26

multiple fruits

Back 26

derived from several to many individual flowers in a single inflorescence

Hint 26

mulberries, Osage oranges, pineapples, and figs