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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Drug
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"A chemical substance used for its effects on bodily processes. “
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Illicit Drugs
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"A chemical substance used for its effects on bodily processes. The use of these drugs is prohibited by law in that state, or country."
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Addiction
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Compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal
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Dependence
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A compulsive or chronic need but not abusing - weening off
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Excipient
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a usually inert substance (as gum arabic or starch) that forms a vehicle (as for a drug)
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Diluents
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An inert substance used to dilute.
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Identify the five classifications of drug substances.
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a. Legal
b. Origin c. Pharmacological d. Name e. Chemical or Functional Group |
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Identify the growth stages of hair.
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a. Anagen – the growing phase
b. Catagen – the intermediate stage c. Telogen – the shedding phase |
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Hair
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a particular structure common only to mammals that are the fibrous growths that originate from their skin
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Identify the three types of fibers as evidence.
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a. Fibers
b. Threads c. Textiles/Fabrics |
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Identify the major classifications of fibers and subcategories of each classification with examples.
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a. Natural Fibers
i. Animal - wool, cashmere, camel, silk ii. Vegetable - cotton, kapok, bast, linen, fruit, leaf iii. Mineral - fiberleaf, asbestos b. Man-Made Fibers i. Regenerated - rayon ii. Synthetic - nylon 6, nylon 66, polyester, acrylic, spandex |
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Define paint
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a suspension of pigments and additives intended to color or protect a surface
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Define/Identify components of paint
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i. Solvents-oils, resins, varnish - dissolve the binder and give paint a suitable consistency for application
ii. Binders - the portion of the coating, other than the pigment, which allows the pigment to be distributed across the surface iii. Driers iv. Plasticizers v. Additives - anything added to a paint for a specific function |
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Identify the type of paints that are forensically significant.
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a. Automobile
b. Architectural c. Product d. Special-purpose e. Art paint |
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Identify and discuss the effects of an explosion.
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•Sudden energy/heat/pressure build up and then release
•Happens at “the seat” •Blast Pressure Effects •Fragmentation Effects •Thermal Effects |
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Discuss and identify examples of the origin of drug substances.
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1.Naturally occurring -direct ingestion
•Marijuana, mushrooms, peyote 2.Plant extracts- •Cocaine, morphine & codeine 3.Semi-synthetic made -from #1. •Heroin (from Morphine) •LSD (from lysergic acid) 4.Synthetic -man made in factory Methanphetamine |
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Discuss and identify examples of each of the pharmacological classifications of drug substances.
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Stimulants
•Phenethylamines •Cocaine Depressants Barbituates •Others Narcotics •Opiates •Synthetics Hallucinogens •No medical use •LSD •Psilocybin •Marijuana •Mescaline •MDMA •PCP |
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Identify the basic steps of forensic drug analysis.
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Preliminary information
•Weights & sampling •Reliability issue Analytical Scheme •General Tests •Separation Methods •Specific identification Methods |
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Explain the significance of the chemical classification of drug substances.
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•Predictor of chemical activity
•Assists with testing scheme |
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Identify, explain and give examples of the categories of drug names.
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Trade name - none
Patented name Generic name – Diacetylmorphine FDA assigned name Chemical name – IUPAC=7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-dioldiacetate IUPAC name Street name – “Horse” User’s name |
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Explain the scheduling of drugs and identify examples of each schedule.
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Schedule I: no medical use; high potential for abuse; e.g. heroin, PCP, MDA, MDMA
Schedule II: some med. use; high potential for abuse; severe psycho./phys. Dependency; e.g. cocaine, amphetamines, barbs, narcotics Schedule III: well documented/accepted med. use; less abuse potential; lo phys but high psycho dependency; e.g. barb preps, opiate preps, some stimulants Schedule IV: accepted med. use; even less abuse potential; limited dependency; e.g. tranquilizers, phenobarbital, propoxyphene Schedule V: wide medical use; rare abuse potential; very limited dependency; e.g. cough preparations with codeine or dihydrocodeine. |
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Combustion
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a usually rapid chemical process (as oxidation) that produces heat and usually light
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Explosion Train
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one explosion setting off another (and so on) – classified as low or high based on the last explosive in the train
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Detonation velocity
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the speed in which a combustion occurs
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Seat
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the origin of an explosion
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Discuss the manufacturing process(es) of fibers.
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Either natural or man-made; melted or dissolved polymer, through polymer hopper, through the spinneret, dry warm air; dry cool air - melt spinning and dry spinning - dissolvent through solvent wet spinning, dry spinning to spool
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