From Sea To Shining Sea: The Story Of America- Chapter 1 - New World

Front 1

Who was St. Brendan?

Back 1

1)St. Brendan was an Irish monk who, with a small band of monks, set sail in a coracle westward across the ocean.

2)According to the legend, he discovered many lands, including one called the Land of Promise of the Saints.

Front 2

Why was St. Brendan's legendary voyage so important to later navigators like Prince Henry the Navigator, and Christopher Columbus?

Back 2

The story of St. Brendan spread across Europe and inspired navigators to sail west across the Atlantic to discover St. Brendan's Isles.

Front 3

Who was Eric the Red and what did he discover?

Back 3

Eric the Red was a Viking adventurer who discovered Greenland and established a Viking settlement there.

Front 4

1)Who was Leif Ericsson and 2)what significant thing did he do for Christianity?

Back 4

1)Leif Ericsson was the son of Eric the Red. 2)Leif became a Christian and helped the king of Norway to convert the people of Greenland to the Faith.

Front 5

What did Leif Ericsson discover? List the two possible present-day locations.

Back 5

Leif set sail from Greenland westward and discovered new lands, which are part of North America. One of these lands, Vinland, was probably located either on the coast of Newfoundland or Prince Edward Island.

Front 6

Explain why the Vinland settlement failed, and who the Skraelings were.

Back 6

The Viking settlement on Vinland failed because the settlers found themselves in a constant state of war with the natives of Vinland, whom they called the Skraelings.

Front 7

Where was Christopher Columbus born?

Back 7

Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy.

Front 8

What did Christopher Columbus do for a living?

Back 8

Christopher Columbus was a sea captain and navigator.

Front 9

Where did Christopher Columbus hope to reach on his voyage?

Back 9

Columbus's great dream was to reach the Indies (China, Japan, and India) by sailing west across the Atlantic.

Front 10

What did Christopher Columbus hope to accomplish on his voyage to the Indies?

Back 10

1)Columbus hoped to obtain great wealth

2)Bring the Gospel of Christ to unbelievers

3)With the wealth obtained from the Indies, he hoped the Spanish monarchs could fund a crusade to retake the Holy Land from the Muslims.

Front 11

Who was Bartolomeu Dias and what did he accomplish?

Back 11

1)Bartolomeu Dias was a Portuguese sea captain and explorer. He discovered a route to the Indies by sailing south around the tip of Africa and eastward across the Indian Ocean.

Front 12

Who were King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella? Why were they important to Columbus's voyage?

Back 12

Ferdinand and Isabella were the rulers of Spain who funded Columbus's voyage to the "Indies."

Front 13

What were King Ferdinand's and Queen Isabellas's goals for sending Columbus on his voyage?

Back 13

Their goals were the same as Columbus's goals. They wanted to bring the Gospel to unbelievers, and to obtain wealth, part of which they would use to retake the Holy Land in a new crusade.

Front 14

What were the names of Columbus's three ships that he used to sail to the New World?

Back 14

The Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria.

Front 15

When did Columbus land in the New World?

Back 15

October 12, 1492.

Front 16

Where did Columbus first land in the New World and what did he name it? Where did Columbus think he landed?

Back 16

1)Columbus landed on an island in the Caribbean and named it San Salvador ("Holy Savior").

2)Columbus believed that he had landed on an island in the Indies.

Front 17

Where was the first Spanish settlement in the New World located?

Back 17

The first Spanish settlement in the New World was at Navidad on the island of Hispaniola.

Front 18

How many voyages did Columbus make to the "Indies"?

Back 18

Columbus made four voyages to what he believed were the Indies.

Front 19

Who was Amerigo Vespucci and how was his name given to the New World?

Back 19

Amerigo Vespucci was an Italian mariner, who with other explorers, were sent by Spain to the New World and discovered the Amazon River.

Europeans began calling the new lands America because of a book that told of Amerigo Vespucci's voyages.

Front 20

Who was Juan Ponce de Leon and what did he discover?

Back 20

Juan Ponce de Leon was a Spanish explorer who discovered Florida.

Front 21

What did Vasco Nunez de Balboa discover and what did Balboa's discovery demonstrate about Christopher Columbus's claim to have found the Indies?

Back 21

Balboa discovered the South Sea (now called the Pacific Ocean),which demonstrated that another ocean separated America from the Indies. Hence, the lands Columbus discovered were not the Indies, but a new world.

Front 22

Provide the definition of :

coracle

Back 22

coracle - a small boat used by Irish fishermen; it was made of hides stretched over a wooden frame.

Front 23

Provide the definition of :

sagas

Back 23

sagas - the heroic tales told by the Vikings

Front 24

Provide the definition of :

Greenland

Back 24

Greenland is an icy island discovered by Eric the Red and settled by Vikings; it lies between Iceland and Canada.

Front 25

Provide the definition of :

Vinland

Back 25

Vinland is the place of Viking settlements on Newfoundland, Canada or on Prince Edward Island, farther south.

Front 26

Provide the definition of :

Skraelings

Back 26

Skraelings - the Viking name for the natives of Vinland and of Greenland.

Front 27

Provide the definition of :

Mandans

Back 27

Mandans - members of a Dakota Indiana tribe said to have resembled Europeans in their looks, language, and ways.

Front 28

Provide the meaning of the name :

Christopher

Back 28

Christopher is a name that means "bearer of Christ"

Front 29

Provide the meaning of the name :

Santa Maria

and explain it's significance in history.

Back 29

1)Santa Maria is Spanish for "Saint Mary."

2)Santa Maria was Columbus's flagship for his voyage to the New World and was named after the Mother of Jesus.

Front 30

Provide the meaning of the name :

San Salvador

and explain it's significance in history.

Back 30

1)San Salvador is Spanish for the "Holy Savior," Our Lord Jesus Christ.

2)San Salvador was the name that Columbus gave to the first island that he landed on in the New World, an island in the Caribbean.

Front 31

Describe the region included in the name :

America

and explain who it was named after and why.

Back 31

America is the name the Europeans gave the New World, now North America and South America. The New World was called this by Europeans after reading about Amerigo Vespucci's voyages.

Front 32

Bonus Question:

What evidence supports the stories about Brendan's voyage, Vinland, and the Welsh colonists?

Back 32

In the 1970s, a British navigation scholar demonstrated that it was possible to sail from Ireland to North America in a coracle by actually doing it. Viking ruins in North America (particularly in Newfoundland) demonstrate that the Norse reached America. Also, there is evidence of Roman coins and Welsh helmets, Welsh-style fortresses in America. In addition, there is 1782 testimony from Cherokee Chief Oconostoa provide evidence for the Madoc story.