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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What/Who are Freud's historical predecessors? |
* Evolutionary Theory -- that we are motivated by the will to survive and the urge to reproduce
* Schopenhauer & Nietzsche -- we are driven by UNCONSCIOUS, irrational, and primitive forces |
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Freud's personal history
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He experienced many early losses, and his father was passive while his mother was domineering & passionate. He was his mother's favorite child.
Freud went to Med school Studied Hypnosis |
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Drive Theory
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- Major role of the unconcious
- Psychic determinism - Focused on early childhood development - personality organization - focus on biology (sexual drives in particular) |
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Conscious
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Aspects of mental life that you are aware of
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Preconscious
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Aspects of mental life of which you are not currently aware of, but could easily bring to awareness
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Unconscious
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Aspects of mental life of which we are not currently aware & can't easily bring to awareness
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Id
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- operates on the PLEASURE principle
- immediate satisfaction - irrational, unconscious - uses "primary process" thinking - basis of personality the devil |
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Ego
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- Operates on the REALITY principle
- balances the demands of the id and superego with the realities of the world - uses defense mechanisms & secondary process thinking - rational and reasonable - conflict free the moderator |
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Superego
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- Operates by the moral principle
- consists of the "conscience" & the "ego ideal" - can either be conscious or unconscious - wants moral perfection - irrational and demanding (like picking up trash on a high way) - reason for guilt - resolves the oedipus complex The angel |
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What is psychic conflict?
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Freud believed that our human experience is colored by conflicts among the id, superego and ego
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What does an id-ego conflict result in?
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Neurotic anxiety
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What do conflicts involving the superego result in?
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Moral anxiety
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Coping Mechanisms
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CONSCIOUS strategies that the ego uses to resolve inner conflicts
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Defense mechanisms
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UNCONSCIOUS strategies that the ego uses to resolve inner conflicts
involve distortion of reality if used too much, these can deplete the go and result in bad behavior |
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Repression
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Not thinking about things that are intolerable
Keeping them out of the conscious awareness |
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Denial
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Not accepting things that you don't want to accept
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Displacement
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Directing impulses to another object or person
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Projection
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Attributing your own feelings or impulses to another object or person
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Reaction Formation
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Claiming to have thoughts or feelings that are the opposite of your unacceptable impulses
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Regression
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Fleeing Anxiety-producing realities by going back to behavior that was pleasurable at an earlier stage
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Rationalization
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Finding an acceptable explanation for unacceptable impulses
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Identification
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the child adopts the characteristics of the same-sex parent and begins to associate themselves with and copy the behavior of significant others.
also involves the development of the child's superego |
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How does the unconscious leak through the gaps in defense mechanisms?
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Through Dreams or freudian slip, pararpraxis
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How is personality developed?
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- personality is developed when children master the 3 stages of libido gratification --> oral, anal, and phallic
- core of adult personality is formed by ages 5-6 |
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How many stages of psychosocial development are there?
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Five.
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What is the main focus of the oral stage?
When is the oral stage? |
The mouth, lips, and the tongue
this stage takes place in the first year of life |
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What are the two substages of the oral stage?
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Incorporative - passively receiving
Oral aggressive - biting |
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What happens if a person is overindulged in the oral stage?
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The person will become passive, dependent, gullible, and overly optimistic
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What happens if a person is frustrated in the oral stage?
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The person will become cynical, frustrated, pessimistic, manipulative, and suspicious
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What is the focus of the anal stage?
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Pleasure from expulsion
Pleasure from retention |
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what happens if your overinduldged in the anal stage?
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you become expressive, overly generous, messy and imprecise
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what happens if your frustrated in the anal stage?
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you become controlled, frustrated, stingy, orderly, meticulous, precise
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The phallic stage
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Genitals are the main focus of libidinal satisfaction in this stage, in the 4th year of life.
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Oedipus complex
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when boys and girls direct their drive toward the mother and view their father as a rival for the mother's love
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What happens if a person is fixated in the phallic stage?
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serious problems
vanity, competitiveness, hypersexuality self hatred, guilt, denial of sexuality |
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Latency stage
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from age 6 to puberty
forget Oedipal conflicts Reduction of sexual drives Act in line with reality |
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Genital Stage
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Puberty
Sexual drives return Altriusm Love objects are choosen for other than selfish needs |
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What are the goals of Freud's theory?
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Transfer misery into common unhappiness
Make suffering easier to bear Enable people to have constructive lOve and wOrk lives. |
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techniques of psychonalysis
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free association
dream analysis resistance transference and countertransference interperatiation |
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what's bad about freud's psychoanalytic theory?
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reductionism, confusion of explanation with truth, abuse of authority, sexism, diverse therapeutic goals, pessimism
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How is the psychoanalytic theory different now?
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There's more focus on the psychological than the biological
more focus on actual life experiences also on the ego and the consciousness psychodynamic therapy |
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How is the psychoanalytic theory different now?
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There's more focus on the psychological than the biological
more focus on actual life experiences also on the ego and the consciousness psychodynamic therapy |
