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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Old Regime?
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political system in France in the 1770's. people were divided into estates.
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1st Estate?
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1% of whole population. it was made up of clergymen and had most priorities.
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2nd Estate?
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2% of population, made up of nobles, other privileged estate.
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3rd Estate?
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97% of population, everyone else, had to pay all taxes. made up of three groups.
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3 groups in Third estate?
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the middle class people(bourgeoisie), the workers in the cities, and the peasants(80%)
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Causes of the Enlightenment?
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Renaissance, Exploration, Scientific Revolution
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Scientific Revolution thinkers: Before?
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Aristotle, Ptolemy
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After?
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Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton
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Scientific Revolution?
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used the scientific method and reasoning to explain the natural world.
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Enlightenment?
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used the scientific method and reason and applied them to society and politics.
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Thomas Hobbes?
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wrote Leviathon; believed that humans were evil and selfish; absolute monarchy
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John Locke?
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Two Treaties on Government; humans could learn from experience; self government; Life, Liberty, and Property
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Montesquieu?
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Spirit of Laws; British government; Separation of Power
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Rousseau?
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The Social Contract; direct democracy; individual freedom
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Voltaire?
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over 70 political books; humans were intolerant and prejudice; self government; Freedom of thought and expression
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Beccaria?
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thoughts into Justice system; large government; Abolishment of Torture
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Wollstencraft?
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A Vindication of the Rights of Woman; humans were unfair to women; Women's Equality
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Causes of Revolution:Social?
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Old Regime, King Louis XVI and Marie Antionette
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Economic?
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debt from wars (american revolution, 7 years war, austrian succession), excessive spending by Marie, Louis's debt
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Political?
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poor, inexperienced leaders
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Cultural?
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enlightenment
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Estates General?
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First meeting in many years of all estates
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Tennis Court Oath?
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3rd estate locked themselves in a tennis court and didn't leave until a new constitution was made.
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National Assembly?
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a body of "the people" on June 17, 1789
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Storming the Bastille?
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July 14, 1789 group stormed the prison at Bastille and took it over.
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The Great Fear?
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a wave of senseless panic in France
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Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen?
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August 1789; Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
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Storming of Versailles?
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Women stormed the palace of Versailles and killed guards, forced Louis XVI to come to Paris
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National Convention?
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liberals(left), moderates(middle), conservatives(right)
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Robespierre?
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took control of France, executed many, Reign of Terror
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Napoleon Bonaparte?
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born in 1769 on Corsica, became lieutenant at 16, eventually became emperor of France
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Congress of Vienna?
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tried to achieve goal of stability in the continent
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Klemens Von Metternich?
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very important man in Congress of Vienna
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Balance of Powers?
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all countries equal, surround France with strong countries, restore royal families to power
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