Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How was Napoleon able to claim legitimacy as emperor?
|
He said that the people voted for him.
They did, by a plebscite. |
|
|
Congress of Vienna
|
Called after Napoleon's defeat to restore peace and the strength of the monarchy in Europe.
Map was redrawn, with countries added around France to keep it in line. |
|
|
Nationalism
|
Pride in one's own country.
|
|
|
First Estate
|
The clergy.
Paid no taxes and received many benefits. |
|
|
Who was Napoleon Bonaparte?
|
Born in Corsica.
Was a lieutenant who quickly went through the ranks. Overthrew Directory and set up 3-person Consulate. Became First Consul. Became First Consul for life. Held a plebiscite and was voted Emperor. Exiled to Elba. Returned and fought and lost at the Battle of Waterloo. Exiled to St. Helena, where he died. |
|
|
Deficit Spending
|
When the government spends more than its intake.
|
|
|
Rights Women Gained from the Revolution
|
Allowed to inherit property.
When Napoleon came, most rights got taken away. |
|
|
Estate system problem
|
In the Class system using estates none could better themselves to get into a different class.
|
|
|
Plebiscite
|
A ballot.
|
|
|
What was the issue of voting for the Estates General?
|
The third estate wanted to vote by head, not by estate, because they would be outnumbered.
|
|
|
Second Estate
|
Nobility
Paid no taxes and received many benefits, among them government, army, court, and Church Positions. |
|
|
Marie Antoinette
|
Wife of Louis 16.
Was executed, the people thought she was hoarding food. |
|
|
Third Estate
|
The rest, the highest being the bourgeoisie and including wealthy and poor.
Other members of the third estate include the urban workers, apprentices, farm workers. The third estate paid the taxes. |
|
|
What does Bastille Day commerate?
|
When 800 French citizens who resided in Paris took weapons and attacked the Bastille.
They broke through and freed its few prisoners and got the weaponry there. |
|
|
Abdicate
|
To give up an office.
Napoleon abdicated his position and was exiled to Elba, only to return. |
|
|
Bourgeoisie
|
Middle Class
The highest members of the third estate. Included among others lawyers, doctors, bankers, and merchants |
|
|
Guerrilla Warfare
|
A sneaky hit and run type warfare technique.
Commonly used nowadays, seldom used then. The Spanish used it against Naspoleon's forces. |
|
|
Republic
|
Government where the people choose their leaders.
|
|
|
Opinion of the Third Estate
|
In resentment of the Royals, First and Second Estate and all the benefits they got and their wealth.
|
|
|
Quadruple Alliance (Resulted at the end of the Napoleonic Wars)
|
The wartime and post-wartime alliance of Britain, Russia, Prussia, and Austria.
Meant to keep the peace and keep the monarchy in existence. |
|
|
What did the women do on Versailles?
|
They marched to show that they were upset with the King and Marie Antoinette and their lavish lifestyle.
|
|
|
Scorched Earth Policy
|
Adopted by the Russians.
Burn and Pillage enemy as you move along, leaving them poor. |
|
|
Reign of Terror/The Terror
|
Period of time when the revolutionaries executed many of the first and second estates.
|
|
|
Annex
|
To add a territory to your own land (dealing w/ countries).
|
|
|
Tennis Court Oath
|
National Assembly found there meeting place locked.
They moved the meeting to an indoor tennis court and took an oath that they would never disband until they had written a good constitution. |
|
|
Why storm the Bastille?
|
Because it was in the center of Paris, thus good for attention
|
|
|
National Convention
|
A new legislative body that replaced the Legislative Assembly.
Voting rights went to all males. Abolished the monarchy and drew up the constitutin for a new French Republic. |
|
|
Faction
|
A small group (have same beliefs etc.)
|
|
|
How did other countries react to the French Revolution?
|
Badly.
They increased border patrol, banned French work and ideas. They were afraid that their monarchies were in danger because what the French people were doing might inspire their own citizens. |
|
|
Napoleonic Code
|
The law code made by Napoleon.
It incorporated many Enlightenment Ideas such as equality, religious tolerance, and ending feudalism. |
|
|
Estates General
|
Called to decide how to solve the problem of France's debt
When they met, there were problems deciding how to vote. |
|
|
tri-color flag
|
Symbol of the Revolution
red-blood white-France's past blue-France's future |
|
|
Nepotism
|
A procedure used often by Napoleon, it is putting your family and friends into jobs.
|
|
|
Declaration of the Rights of Man
|
Attempt to writing a constitution.
Reminiscent of Locke and the Declaration of Independence. |
|
|
Guillotine
|
Machine invented by Dr. Guillotin.
Chops people's heads. Was used during the Terror to chop of the heads of the first and second estates. |
|
|
Louis XVI
|
Called the Estates General
|
|
|
Causes of the French Revolution
|
Enlightenment views started to get others to question the system.
Louis XIV and the Nobility's excessive spending. Deficit Spending |
|
|
Constitution of 1791
|
Started limited Monarchy.
A legislative assembly that made laws was created and the representatives were elected. The provinces were redrawn. |
|
|
Suffrage
|
Right to Vote
|
|
|
What did the third estate do about the voting issue?
|
They decide to start the National Assembly.
They then invited other estates to bring delegation and they would write a constitution. |
|
|
Robespierre
|
Lawyer and Politician.
Leader in the Committee and also helped to plan the Reign of Terror. |
|
|
What was the Great Fear?
|
When hyped rumors were spread, scaring peasants and causing them to disregard noble's orders.
|
|
|
How did the Royal Family React to the National Assembly and New Constitution?
|
They tried to escape but failed.
|
|
|
Committee of Public Safety
|
Had 12 people.
They got France ready for war and soon France was invading other countries. Led by Rosspiere, beheaded people who opposed revolution. |
|
|
Directory
|
Was 5 people.
Weak and Corrupt. |
|
|
Jacobins
|
The most radical faction.
Comprised of intelligent middle class, they also hoped for a republic. |
