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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is liberty? |
Being free |
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What is equality? |
Having all the same rights |
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What is fraternity |
Brother hood |
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What is ou la mort |
Or death |
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What was France like in the 1780s |
Powerful nation ruled by the bourbon family There was an important middle class but most were not allowed to have any say in government France was ruled by an absolute monarchy |
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What is an absolute monarchy |
Believes they are appointed by god to lead or are god They rule until they die and then another family member takes over |
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How/what did Louis xv spend money on |
Wars and extravagance in the court |
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When Louis xv died how did he leave France |
Weak economy and government |
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What did Louis xvi do to help france |
He did nothing |
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What did Louis xvi face |
Resentment towards monarchy because he was a weak and indecisive leader |
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Who was Marie Antoinette |
The daughter of the empress of Austria |
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Who was she to Louis xvi |
His wife |
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How was their marriage |
An arranged marriage by two diplomats wanting to strengthen links between the two families |
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How was Marie’s personality |
Said to be outgoing and bold but spent money on fashion partying and gambling |
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What did she spend a lot of money on |
Partying gambling and fashion |
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What were the 3 estates |
The first estate- the clergy(church) The second estate-the nobility The third estate- the peasants |
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What is the rise of enlightenment |
Also known as age of reason People started questioning their beliefs and ways of thinking and science changed Questions about the monarchy and the church became dominant |
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What was the first estate and their privileges |
Owned 1/10 land Did not have to pay main tax(taille) Could not be called up for military services Had their own court |
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What was the second estate and their privileges |
Made up of 400 000 nobles Owned 1/3 land Expected to serve the king in war Did not pay many taxes |
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What was the third estate and their rights |
Most of population 80% of population No privileges No part in running country Expected to fight in wars Had to pay taxes to government and torches to church Had to pay three quarters of their yearly income |
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What were the types of taxes |
Taille Gabelle Titches |
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What was the taille tax? |
Tax on land or income |
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What was the gabelle tax |
Tax in salt |
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What was the titches tax |
Taxes on one tenth of yearly income paid to church |
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What did the first estate consist of |
Roman Catholic clergy |
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What did the second estate consist of |
Nobles 2% population Owned 20% land |
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What did the third estate consist of |
Bourgeoisie City workers Peasants |
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What was happening with the rest of the work during the rise of enlightenment |
Britain was a powerful country which did not have absolute monarchy but had a monarch that shared power with parliament America declared independence from Britain in 1776 |
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What were the bourgeoisie |
Wealthy merchants & skilled workers |
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What were city workers |
Poorly paid servants |
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What were the peasants |
80% population Were farmers |
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What was the kings debt |
Louis xvi inherited financial problems from kings before him Government was spending more than it could afford Louis needed money to pay his government officials,solicitors, debts and court |
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How could he raise money |
Thought taxation(1st & 2nd estate did not have to pay) Sell offices(government jobs which would give holder title and make them part of nobility, between 30-50 thousand people entered the nobility this way) Borrow money but when paid back, would be paid with interest |
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How much money was France receiving |
472 million livres |
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How much money was France spending |
636 million livres |
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Who was louis minister |
Calonne |
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What did calonne decide to do |
They had to tax 1st & 2nd estate |
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What was the assembly of notables |
Meeting of wealthy members of 1st and 2nd estate |
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What was the year that America declared independence from britain |
1776 |
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What was the estates general |
Meeting of all estates together |
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What did Louis do to calonne |
He dismissed him |
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Who did he hire after |
Brienne |
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What was the parliament of paris |
The Paris law court that was controlled by nobles |
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When was the estates general meeting |
1789 |
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What is the tennis court oath |
Third estate said they would not separate till France had a constitution |
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When was the tennis court oath |
20th June 1789 |
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What did the 3rd estate call themselves after the tennis court oath |
The National Assembly |
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How did Louis lose control |
Marquis de launay refused to hand the fortress over to the people and the crowd attacked the prison The crowd took over the bastille |
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What happened after the fall of bastille |
Peasants who were encouraged by a group called jacobins attacked the rich landowners and killed their animals |
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What was king Louis xiv also known as |
The sun king |
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What was this period called |
The great dear |
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What happened on 26 aug 1789 |
National Assembly produces declaration of the rights of man |
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What happened in oct 1789 |
Crowd marched from Paris to the palace of Versailles and forced king and family to reaturn to Paris |
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How long did Louis xiv rule |
72 years |
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What was Louis xiv remembered for |
He was a great leader/king French people believed he helped to make France greater He built the palace of Versailles and held many parties there |
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How did Lou’s xiv leave France |
In financial ruin after expensive wars and extravagance in the court |
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What was the nickname Louis xv had |
Well-beloved |
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How was Louis xv as a leader |
A weak leader |
