French Grammer From Chapter 4 Of Sur Le Vif

Front 1

Conduire: Present Indicative Tense

Back 1

je conduis
tu conduis
il/elle/on conduit
nous conduisons
vous conduisez
il/elles conduisent

Front 2

Mettre: Present Indicative Tense

Back 2

je mets
tu mets
il/elle/on met
nous mettons
vous mettez
il/elles mettent

Front 3

Conduire: Imperfect Stem

Back 3

Conduis-

Front 4

Conduire: Future/Conditional Stem

Back 4

Conduir-

Front 5

Conduire: Past Participle

Back 5

Conduit

Front 6

Mettre: Imperfect Stem

Back 6

Mett-

Front 7

Mettre: Future/Conditional Stem

Back 7

Mettr-

Front 8

Mettre: Past Participle

Back 8

Mis

Front 9

Direct Object Pronouns

Back 9

-Direct object nouns can be replaced by d.o. pronouns
-The pronoun precedes the verb of which it is the object, unless the verb is an affirmative imperative
The past participle agrees w/ the direct object pronoun in gender and number.
-Direct object pronouns are used for people and things. The pronoun le can also be used to express an idea.

Front 10

Object Pronouns: Affirmative Imperative

Back 10

-If the verb is an affirmative imperative, the object pronoun follows the verb and is connected to it by a hyphen
-With an affirmative imperative verb, the pronouns me and te are replaced by moi and toi.

Front 11

Indirect Object Pronouns

Back 11

-preceded by the preposition à.
-When the indirect object is a person, it can be replaced by an indirect object pronoun.
-The pronoun precedes the verb of which it is the object, unless the verb is an affirmative imperative
-If the verb is a compound tense (passé composé, past conditional, pluperfect, etc.) the pronoun precedes the auxiliary verb. There is no agreement with a preceding indirect object pronoun.

Front 12

Y

Back 12

-Can be used to replace the preposition à + a noun when referring to a thing or an idea, but not when referring to a person
-used to replace expression of location starting w/ à or other prepositions, except de
-As with the object pronouns, the pronoun y precedes the verb with which it is associated.
-not used with verb aller in the future or conditional tenses for reasons of pronounciation

Front 13

En

Back 13

-means some, any, or none

Front 14

se moquer de

Back 14

-means to "make fun of"
-the person or thing being made fun of is the object of the preposition de.
-if a noun is not used, the disjunctive pronoun is required.

Front 15

Disjunctive Pronouns: 1

Back 15

-used to stress the subject or object in a sentence
-Their position is variable

Front 16

Disjunctive Pronouns: 2

Back 16

-as the object of the preposition à, for certain verbs and verbal phrases, when referring to a person or persons.
-some of the most common of these verbs and verbal phrases are: être (à), faire attention (à), penser (à).

Front 17

Disjunctive Pronouns: 3

Back 17

-used as the object of all prepositions other than à, when referring to a person or persons.

Front 18

Disjunctive Pronouns: 4

Back 18

-used after c'est/ce sont. all disjunctive pronouns can be used w/ c'est except eux/elles which must use ce sont.

Front 19

Disjunctive Pronouns: 5

Back 19

-used as one word answer to question

Front 20

Disjunctive Pronouns: 6

Back 20

-used in comparative constructions

Front 21

Disjunctive Pronouns: 7

Back 21

-used after ne...que

Front 22

Disjunctive Pronouns: 8

Back 22

-used as part of a compound subject

Front 23

Disjunctive Pronouns: 9

Back 23

-combined with -même

Front 24

En: 1

Back 24

-It can replace the partitive article + the noun that follows
Ex: Elle boit du cognac=She drinks some cognac.
-Elle en boit=She drinks some.

Front 25

En: 2

Back 25

-It can replace a noun preceded by a number or an expression of quantity, but the number or the expression of quantity must be repeated.
Ex: Elle voit un éléphant devant sa voiture=She sees an elephant in front of her car
-Elle en voit un devant sa voiture=She sees one in front of her car.

Front 26

En: 3

Back 26

-It can replace the preposition de in expressions w/ avoir + the verb or noun clause that follows (as in avoir besoin de, avoir envie de, avoir peur de, etc.)
Ex: Elle avait peur de l'éléphant=She was afraid of the elephant.
-Elle en avait peur=She was afraid of it.

Front 27

En: 4

Back 27

-It can replace the preposition de + a place.
Ex: Les motards arrivent du village=The motorcycle police arrive from the village.
-Les motards en arrivent=The motorcycle police arrive (from there).

Front 28

En: 5

Back 28

-It can replace the proposition de + a clause.
Ex: Elle est contente de ne plus avoir de voiture rouge=She is happy to no longer have a red car.
-Elle en est contente=She is happy (about it).

Front 29

En: 6

Back 29

-It can replace de + groups of people
Ex:Combien de policiers avez vous vus?=How many police officers did you see?
-J'en ai vu cinq=I saw five (of them).

Front 30

Y: 1

Back 30

-It can replace the preposition à + a noun when referring to a thing or an idea, but not when referring to a person
Ex:A-t-elle répondu à la question des policiers?=Did she respond to the police officers' question?
-Y a-t-elle répondu?=Did she respond to it?

Front 31

Y: 2

Back 31

-It can replace expressions of location starting with à or other prepositions, except de.
Ex: Elle va au café avec le directeur du cirque=She is going to the café with the circus director.
-Elle y va avec le directeur du cirque=She is going there with the circus director.

Front 32

Y: 3

Back 32

-precedes the verb with which it is associated.
Ex:Elle est obligée d'aller au poste de police=She has to go to the police station.
-Elle es obligée d'y aller=She has to go there.