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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the passé composé used for?
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the passé composé is used to talk about past events. verbs conjugated in the passé will require one of two helping verbs: avoir or être
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In the passé composé, what form do ER verbs take?
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in the passé composé, ER verbs take é
example: nous avons parlé |
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In the passé composé, what form do IR verbs take?
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in the passé composé, IR verbs take i
example: finir > fini choisir > choisi |
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In the passé composé, what form do RE verbs take?
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in the passé composé, RE verbs take u
example: perdre > perdu répondre > répondu |
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What is the irregular past participle of avoir?
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eu
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What is the irregular past participle of boire?
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bu
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What is the irregular past participle of être?
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été
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What is the irregular past participle of faire?
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fait
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What is the irregular past participle of recevoir?
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reçu
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What is the irregular past participle of prendre?
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pris
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When using negatives in the passé composé, where is the ne...pas placed?
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the ne...pas is placed around the auxiliary verb.
example: Je n'ai pas trouvé la clé. |
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List the verbs that require the auxiliary verb être
(DR. and MS. P. VANDERTRAMP) |
Descendre
Rentrer Mourir Sortir Passer Venir Aller Naître Devenir Entrer Retourner Tomber Rester Arriver Monter Partir |
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How do you conjugate a verb with the auxiliary être?
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être agrees with gender and number in regards to the subject.
feminine singular - add e masculine plural - add s feminine plural - add es example: mon amie est restée à sa maison hier soir. |
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List the conjugations of the verb finir
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je - finis
tu - finis il/elle/on - finit nous - finissons vous - finissez ils/elles - finissent passé - j'ai fini |
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List the conjugations of the verb venir
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je - viens
tu - viens il/elle/on - vient nous - venons vous - venez ils/elles - viennent passé - venu(e) |
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de + la = ?
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de la
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de + le = ?
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du
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de + l' = ?
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de l'
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de + les = ?
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des
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What does "de" mean? In what context is it used?
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all of the variations of "de" mean "some" - it is used when referring to some or part of something
example: Vous prenez du café? (are you having some coffee?) |
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When is "un" or "une" used in talking about quantities?
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when un or une is used, it basically means "a"
example: Je voudrais une salade. (I would like a salad) verses Je voudrais de la salade. (I would like some salad) |
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When expressions of specific quantity are used, what must also be included?
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"de"
example: Elle a acheté une bouteille d'eau minérale. (She bought a bottle of water) or Elle a peu de patience. (She has little patience) |
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List the French direct object pronouns
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singular:
me, m' te, t' le, la, l' plural: nous vous les |
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List the French indirect object pronouns
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singular:
me, me' te, t' lui plural: nous vous leur |
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In what situations is the imparfait used?
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The imparfait is used in the following situations:
- to describe how things were in the past - to describe what people used to do - to describe feelings and attitudes |
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How do you form the imparfait?
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to form the imparfait, you remove the ons ending from the nous form of the present tense, and add the following endings to the stem:
je - ais tu - ais il/elle/on - ait nous - ions vous - iez ils/elles - aient |
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What is the imperfect conjugation of être in the imparfait?
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j'étais
tu étais ill/elle/on était nous étions vous étiez ils/elles étaient |
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In the imparfait, for infinitives that end in ger what do you have to add before "a"?
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an "e"
example: manger je mangeais tu mangeais il/elle/on mangeait nous mangions vous mangiez els/elles mangeaient |
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When is "qui" used?
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qui is used to replace the subject of a sentence - a person, thing, or idea. qui is always immediately followed by a verb.
*the english equivalent of qui is who, which, or that example: J'ai un chien qui adore jouer. |
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When is "que" used?
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que, or qu', refers to the direct object of a sentence - a person, thing, or idea. que is always immediately followed by both a subject AND a verb.
*the english equivalent of que is who, whom, which, or that example: La maison qu'elle aimait était dans ce village. or L'étudiant que tu connais est ici. |
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When is "ou" used?
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ou is used to refer to places or expressions of time.
*ou is the english equivalent of where, that, or when example: C'était l'année ou il a commencé l'école. |
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What are the conjugations of lire?
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je - lis
tu - lis ill/elle/on - lit nous - lisons vous - lisez ils/elles - lisent |
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What are the structures used to compare people and things?
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more - plus (adjective) que
less - moins (adjectivef) que equal to - aussi (adjective) que |
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What are the structures used for the irregular adjective bon?
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more - meilleur(e)(s) que
less - moins bon(ne)(s) que equal to - aussi bon(ne)(s) que |
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What are the differences between the passé composé and the imparfait?
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passé composé - tells what happened, narrates a series of events
imparfait - describes feelings and thoughts, what was going on or used to happen, age, weather, time |
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How do you express "to/at/in"?
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cities - à
feminine countries/states/regions beginning with a vowel - en masculine beginning with a consonant - au plural - aux |
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How do you express "from"?
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cities - de
feminine or masculine countries/states/regions beginning with a vowel - de or d' masculine beginning with a consonant - du plural - des |
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How do you compare performance?
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verb > plus > adverbe > que
moins aussi |
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How do you compare quantities?
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plus > de + nom + que
moins autant |
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How do you use superlatives?
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le + plus + adjectif + (de)
la moins les |
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What are the conjugations of the verb savoir (to know facts/to know how)?
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je sais
tu sais il/elle/on sait nous savons vous savez ils/elles savent |
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With which verbs do you use the pronominaux? (for actions that are generally done to oneself?)
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s'amuser
se baigner se brosser se dépêcher se disputer se doucher s'endormir s'habiller se laver se lever se macquiller se préparer se raser se réveiller se sécher se servir de |
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How do you form the form the negative with the prominaux?
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Il n se lève pas.
vous ne vous couchez pas avant minuit. |
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What auxiliary verb do pronomial verbs require in the passé composé?
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être
Marie s'est lavée. Les enfants se sont séchés. |
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What are the conjugations of mettre (to put on)?
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mets
mets met mettons mettez mettent passé composé - j'ai mis |
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What are the regular stems for the future tense of er and ir verbs?
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the infinitive form of the verb
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How do you form the stem of re verbs in the future tense?
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drop the final e from the infinitive
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What are the regular future verb endings?
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je - ai
tu - as il/elle/on - a nous - ons vous - ez ils/elles - ont |
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What is the irregular future stem of être?
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ser
"je serai" |
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What is the irregular future stem of avoir?
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aur
"j'aurai" |
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What is the irregular future stem of aller?
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ir
"j'irai" |
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What is the irregular future stem of faire?
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fer
"je ferai" |
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What is the irregular future stem of pouvoir?
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pourr
"je pourrai" |
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What is the irregular future stem of venir?
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viend
"je viendrai" |
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What is the irregular future stem of voir?
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verr
"je verrai" |
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What is the irregular future stem of vouloir?
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voudr
"je voudrais" |
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What is the irregular future stem of savoir?
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saur
"je saurai" |
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What are the conjugations of voir (to see)?
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vois
vois voit voyons voyez voient passé - j'ai vu future - je verrai |
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When do you use ce qui?
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ce qui replaces a subject
*only a small number of verbs are followed by ce qui. these include: arriver, se passer, ennuyer, manquer, intéresser |
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When do you use ce que?
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ce que replaces an object
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When talking about offering and borrowing, what is the order of object pronouns?
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me > le/l' > lui > y > en + verbe
te la/l' leur nous les vous |
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What is the conjugation of payer (to pay for)?
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paie
paies paie payons payez paient |
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What is ment the equivalent of in english?
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"ly" - adjectives
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If a masculine adjective ends in ent or ant, what do you add at the ending?
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add mment
example: constant > constamment |
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When is the subjunctive used?
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the subjunctive is used for giving advice and expressing obligation
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You form the regular subjunctive by adding the present stem verbs to what endings?
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e
es e ions iez ent |
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What is the irregular form of être in the subjunctive?
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que je sois
que tu sois qu'il soit que nous soyons que vous soyez qu'ils soient |
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What is the irregular form of avoir in the subjunctive?
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que j'aie
que tu aies qui'l ait que nous ayons que vous ayez qu'ils aient |
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What is the subjunctive form of boire?
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boive
boives boive buvions buviez boivent |
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What is the subjunctive form of prendre?
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prenne
prennes prenne prenions preniez prennent |
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What is the subjunctive form of venir?
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vienne
viennes vienne venions veniez viennent |
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What is the subjunctive form of payer?
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paie
paies paie payions payiez paient |
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What is ment the equivalent of in english?
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"ly" - adjectives
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If a masculine adjective ends in ent or ant, what do you add at the ending?
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add mment
example: constant > constamment |
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When is the subjunctive used?
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the subjunctive is used for giving advice and expressing obligation
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You form the regular subjunctive by adding the present stem verbs to what endings?
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e
es e ions iez ent |
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What is the irregular form of être in the subjunctive?
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que je sois
que tu sois qu'il soit que nous soyons que vous soyez qu'ils soient |
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What is the irregular form of avoir in the subjunctive?
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que j'aie
que tu aies qui'l ait que nous ayons que vous ayez qu'ils aient |
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What is the subjunctive form of boire?
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boive
boives boive buvions buviez boivent |
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What is the subjunctive form of prendre?
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prenne
prennes prenne prenions preniez prennent |
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What is the subjunctive form of venir?
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vienne
viennes vienne venions veniez viennent |
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What is the subjunctive form of payer?
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paie
paies paie payions payiez paient |
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What is the conditional form used for?
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The conditional form is used for expressing the consequences of hypothetical situations
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What is the format for expressing conditional phrases?
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si + imparfait + conditional
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How do you form the conditional?
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Add the imparfait endings (ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient) to the future stem
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Which verbs are imperfect in the conditional form?
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avoir
être aller devoir savoir faire pourvoir venir voir vouloir *each of these irregular verbs has the same stem as the irregular verbs in the future tense |
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What is the conditional form used for?
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The conditional form is used for expressing the consequences of hypothetical situations
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What is the format for expressing conditional phrases?
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si + imparfait + conditional
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How do you form the conditional?
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Add the imparfait endings (ais, ais, ait, ions, iez, aient) to the future stem
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Which verbs are imperfect in the conditional form?
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avoir
être aller devoir savoir faire pourvoir venir voir vouloir *each of these irregular verbs has the same stem as the irregular verbs in the future tense |
