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445 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
a- or an-
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without
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ab-
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away from
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ad-
|
towards
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allo-
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other
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ante-
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before or in front of
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anti-, ana-
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against
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auto-
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self
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bi- or bin- or di-
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two or double or twice
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brachy-
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short
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brady-
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slow
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circum-
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around
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contra-
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opposite or against
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dia-
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complete or through or across
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dorsi-
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back
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dys-
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abnormal or difficult or painful
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end- or endo-
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within or inner
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epi-
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upon or over or above
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eu-
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normal or good
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ex-
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out or away from
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hemi-
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half
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hetero-
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different
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hydro-
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water
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hyper-
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excessive or above normal or above
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hypo-
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deficient or below normal or below
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in-
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in or within or not
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infra-
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under or beneath or below
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inter-
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between
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intra-
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within or inside
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ipsi-
|
same
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macro-
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large
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meta-
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beyond or change
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micro-
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small
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mono- or mon- or uni-
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one
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multi-
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many
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neo-
|
new
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nulli-
|
none
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par-
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beside or beyond or near or two parts of a pair
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par- or para-
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beside or beyond or near or two parts of a pair
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per-
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through
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peri-
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around
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poly-
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many
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post-
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after
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pre- or pro
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before or in front of
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pro-
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before or in front of
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pseudo-
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false
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quad- or quadri-
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four
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retro-
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backward or behind
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semi-
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partial or half
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sub-
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under or beneath or less than normal
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syn-
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together
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tachy-
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rapid or fast
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-tele
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distant or end
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trans-
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through or across
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tri-
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three
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ultra-
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beyond or excess
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abdomin/o
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abdomen
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aden/o
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gland
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adenoid/o
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adenoids
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adenoid/o
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adenoids
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adip/o
|
fat
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alveol/o
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alveoli
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an/o
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anus
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aneurysm/o
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aneurysm
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angi/o*
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blood vessel or lymph vessel
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ankyl/o
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stiff joint
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anter/o
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front
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aort/o
|
aorta
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append/o*
|
appendix
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appendic/o*
|
appendix
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appendicul/o
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limb or small attached part
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arter/o*
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artery
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arteri/o*
|
artery
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arthr/o
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joint
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arthr/o
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joint (where two bones meet)
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atel/o
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incomplete
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ather/o
|
fatty plaque
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atri/o
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atrium
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axi/o
|
axis
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axill/o
|
armpit
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bi/o
|
life
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brachi/o
|
arm
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bronch/o
|
bronchus*
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bronchi/o
|
bronchus*
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bucc/o
|
cheek
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bucc/o
|
cheek
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burs/o
|
bursa
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calcane/o
|
heel or heel bone
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calcane/o
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heel bone (the calcaneus, the heel bone of the tarsus)
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carcin/o
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cancer
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card/i
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heart
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cardi/o
|
heart
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cardi/o or card/i
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heart
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carp/o
|
wrist
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carp/o
|
wrist (carpus: a collective term for 8 carpal bones)
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caud/o
|
tail
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cauter/o
|
burn
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cec/o
|
cecum
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cellul/o
|
cell
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cephal/o
|
head
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cervic/o
|
neck
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cheil/o
|
lip
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chem/o
|
chemical
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chol/e
|
bile or gall
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cholangi/o
|
bile vessel (any of the vessels that transport bile from the from liver or gall bladder to small intestine)
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cholecyst/o
|
gallbladder
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choledoch/o
|
common bile duct
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chondr/o
|
cartilage
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cirrh/o
|
yellow
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clavicul/o
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collarbone (clavicle: a curved bone that articulates with the sternum and scapula)
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coagul/o
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clotting
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coccyg/o
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tailbone (coccyx: the small bone at the base of the spinal column)
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col/o*
|
colon
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colon/o*
|
colon
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congenit/o
|
present at birth
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coron/o
|
heart or encircling structure
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cost/o
|
rib
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crani/o
|
cranium
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crani/o
|
cranium (the portion of the skull that contains the brain)
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crur/o
|
leg
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cry/o
|
cold
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cutane/o
|
skin
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cyan/o
|
blue
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cyan/o
|
blue
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cyt/o
|
cell
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dactyl/o
|
finger or toe
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derm/a
|
skin
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dermat/o
|
skin
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diaphragmat/o
|
diaphragm
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diaphragmat/o
|
diaphragm
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dist/o
|
away from
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diverticul/o
|
diverticulum
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dors/o or dors/i
|
back (dorsum)
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dors/o or dors/i*
|
back (dorsum)
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duct/o
|
bring or move
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duoden/o
|
duodenum
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ech/o
|
repeated sound
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electr/o
|
electricity
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embol/o
|
plug
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enter/o
|
intestine or small intestine
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enter/o
|
intestine or small intestines
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epitheli/o
|
epithelium
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erythemat/o
|
red
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erythr/o
|
red (severe)
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erythr/o
|
red
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eschari/o
|
scab
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esophag/o
|
esophagus
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eti/o
|
causation
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extens/o
|
straightening
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fasci/o
|
fascia
|
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fec/o
|
feces or stool
|
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femor/o
|
thigh bone (femur, the bone extending from the hip to the knee)
|
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fibr/o
|
fibers or fibrous tissue
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fibul/o
|
fibula (the lateral bone of lower leg)
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flex/o
|
bending
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fluor/o
|
luminous (emitting light)
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gastr/o
|
stomach
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gastr/o
|
stomach
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gingiv/o
|
gums
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gloss/o
|
tongue
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glute/o
|
buttock
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goni/o
|
angle
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hem/o
|
blood
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hem/o
|
blood
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hem/o*
|
blood
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hemangi/o
|
blood vessel
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hemangi/o*
|
blood vessel
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hemat/o
|
blood
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hemat/o*
|
blood
|
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hepat/o
|
liver
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hepat/o
|
liver
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hidr/o
|
sweat
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hist/o
|
tissue
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home/o
|
sameness
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humer/o
|
humerus (the upper arm bone)
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iatr/o
|
treatment
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ichthy/o
|
scaly and dry
|
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idi/o
|
unknown or distinct
|
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ile/o
|
ileum
|
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ili/o
|
Ilium (the superior and widest bone of each half of the hipbone)
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ili/o
|
ilium (superior part of each hip bone)
|
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immun/o
|
immunity or immune or protection
|
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immun/o
|
immune or immunity or protection
|
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infer/o
|
below
|
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inguin/o
|
groin
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isch/o
|
deficiency or blockage
|
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ischi/o
|
ischium (posterior part of each hipbone)
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jejun/o
|
jejunum
|
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kerato
|
hard or horny or cornea
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kyph/o
|
bent or humped
|
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labi/o
|
lip
|
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lamin/o
|
lamina (part of a vertebra)
|
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lapar/o
|
abdomen
|
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lapar/o
|
abdomen
|
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laryng/o
|
larynx
|
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later/o
|
side
|
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leiomy/o
|
smooth muscle
|
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leuk/o
|
white
|
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ligament/o
|
ligament
|
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lingu/o
|
tongue
|
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lip/o
|
fat
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lipid/o
|
lipid
|
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lith/o
|
stone
|
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lob/o
|
lobe
|
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lord/o
|
swayback
|
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lumb/o
|
loin
|
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lumb/o
|
loin (the loin is the lower part of back and sides between ribs and pelvis.
|
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lymph/o
|
lymph
|
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lymph/o
|
lymph
|
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lymphangi/o
|
lymph vessel
|
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malac/o
|
soft or softening
|
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mandibul/o
|
lower jawbone (the mandible)
|
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maxill/o
|
upper jawbone (the maxilla)
|
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medi/o
|
middle
|
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melan/o
|
black
|
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menisc/o
|
meniscus
|
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metacarp/o
|
metacarpus (the palm, formed by 5 metacarpal bones)
|
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metatars/o
|
metatarsus (five bones that forms the instep of the foot)
|
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morph/o
|
shape
|
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muc/o
|
mucus
|
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muc/o
|
mucus
|
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muscul/o
|
muscle
|
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muscul/o*
|
muscle
|
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mut/a
|
genetic change
|
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my/o
|
muscle
|
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my/o*
|
muscle
|
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myc/o
|
fungus
|
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myel/o
|
bone marrow or spinal cord
|
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myel/o
|
bone marrow or spinal cord
|
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myocardi/o*
|
heart muscle
|
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myos/o*
|
muscle
|
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nas/o
|
nose*
|
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necr/o
|
death
|
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nephr/o
|
kidney
|
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neur/o
|
nerve
|
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neur/o
|
nerve
|
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odont/o
|
teeth
|
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onc/o
|
tumor
|
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onych/o
|
nail
|
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ophthalm/o
|
eye
|
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or/o
|
mouth
|
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or/o
|
mouth
|
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orbit/o
|
eye socket
|
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organ/o
|
organ
|
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orth/o
|
straight
|
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orth/o
|
straight, upright
|
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osm/o
|
smell or odor
|
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oste/o
|
bone
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ot/o
|
ear
|
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ox/o
|
oxygen
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pancreat/o
|
pancreas
|
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patell/o
|
kneecap
|
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path/o
|
disease
|
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pedicul/o
|
louse
|
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pelv/o
|
pelvis
|
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peps/o
|
digestion
|
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perine/o
|
perineum
|
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peritone/o
|
peritoneum
|
|
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phag/o
|
eating or swallowing
|
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phag/o
|
eating or swallowing
|
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pharyng/o
|
pharynx (called throat)
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pharyng/o
|
pharynx
|
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pharyng/o
|
pharynx or throat
|
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phil/o
|
tendency toward or attraction for
|
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phleb/o*
|
vein
|
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phon/o
|
sound or voice
|
|
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plant/o
|
sole of foot
|
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plasm/o
|
plasma
|
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pleur/o
|
pleura
|
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pleur/o
|
pleura
|
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pneum/o
|
lung or air*
|
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pneumon/o
|
lung or air*
|
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polyp/o
|
polyp
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poster/o
|
back part
|
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proct/o
|
rectum and anus
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proxim/o
|
near to the center or near to point of origin
|
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prurit/o
|
itching
|
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pulmon/o
|
lung
|
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pulmon/o
|
lung*
|
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py/o
|
pus
|
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py/o
|
pus
|
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pylor/o
|
pylorus
|
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pyr/o
|
heat or fire
|
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pyret/o
|
fever
|
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radi/o
|
radiant energy
|
|
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radi/o
|
radiant energy (the energy of electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays or gamma rays). Note, radi/o also means radius, a bone in the arm.
|
|
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rect/o
|
rectum
|
|
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rhabdomy/o
|
skeletal muscle
|
|
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rhin/o
|
nose
|
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rhin/o
|
nose*
|
|
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rhytid/o
|
wrinkle
|
|
|
rrhythm/o
|
rhythm
|
|
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sarc/o
|
flesh
|
|
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scler/o
|
hard
|
|
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seb/o
|
oil
|
|
|
ser/o
|
serum or serum-like fluid
|
|
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sial/o
|
saliva
|
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sialaden/o
|
salivary gland
|
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sigmoid/o
|
sigmoid colon
|
|
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sinus/o
|
sinus
|
|
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somat/o
|
body
|
|
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son/o
|
sound
|
|
|
sphygm/o
|
pulse
|
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spin/o
|
spinal column or vertebral column or spine
|
|
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spir/o
|
breathing
|
|
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splen/o
|
spleen
|
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spondyl/o
|
vertebra
|
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steat/o
|
fat
|
|
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sten/o
|
narrow
|
|
|
steth/o*
|
chest
|
|
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super/o
|
above
|
|
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synovi/o
|
synovial membrane
|
|
|
system/o
|
system
|
|
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tars/o
|
ankle
|
|
|
ten/o**
|
tendon
|
|
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tendin/o**
|
tendon
|
|
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therm/o
|
heat
|
|
|
thorac/o
|
chest
|
|
|
thorac/o
|
thorax
|
|
|
thorac/o
|
chest
|
|
|
thromb/o
|
blood clot
|
|
|
thromb/o*
|
chest
|
|
|
thym/o
|
thymus
|
|
|
tom/o
|
a cut or section
|
|
|
tonsill/o
|
tonsil
|
|
|
tox/o
|
poison
|
|
|
trache/o
|
trachea
|
|
|
umbilic/o
|
navel (umbilicus)
|
|
|
valvul/o
|
valve
|
|
|
varic/o
|
dilated vein
|
|
|
vascul/o*
|
blood vessel
|
|
|
ventr/o
|
belly side or front
|
|
|
ventricul/o
|
ventricle
|
|
|
vertebr/o
|
vertebra
|
|
|
viscer/o
|
internal organ
|
|
|
vol/o
|
volume
|
|
|
xer/o
|
dry (not pathological)
|
|
|
-algia
|
pain
|
|
|
-apheresis
|
removal
|
|
|
-ase
|
enzyme
|
|
|
-capnia
|
carbon dioxide
|
|
|
-capnia
|
carbon dioxide
|
|
|
-cele
|
hernia or protrusion
|
|
|
-cele
|
hernia or protrusion
|
|
|
-centesis
|
puncture to withdraw fluid
|
|
|
-cise
|
cut
|
|
|
-clasia
|
surgical fracture
|
|
|
-crit
|
separate
|
|
|
-cyte
|
cell
|
|
|
-cythemia
|
condition involving cells of the blood
|
|
|
-cytosis
|
more than the normal number of cells
|
|
|
-derma
|
skin
|
|
|
-desis
|
binding or fixation
|
|
|
-dynia
|
pain
|
|
|
-ectasis
|
expansion or dilation
|
|
|
-ectomy
|
excision
|
|
|
-edema
|
swelling
|
|
|
-emesis
|
vomit
|
|
|
-emia
|
blood condition (add this suffix creates a noun)
|
|
|
-emic
|
relating to blood
|
|
|
-emic
|
relating to blood (add this suffix creates an adjective)
|
|
|
-gen
|
that which produces (adding this suffix creates a noun, such as carcinogen, cancer that which produces)
|
|
|
-genesis
|
production or generation
|
|
|
-genesis
|
production or generation (adding this suffix creates a noun, such as carcinogenesis, cancer production)
|
|
|
-genic
|
producing (adding this suffix creates an adjective, such as a carcinogenic substance, a cancer producing substance)
|
|
|
-globin
|
protein
|
|
|
-globin**, -globulin**
|
protein
|
|
|
-gnosis
|
knowing
|
|
|
-graft
|
transplantation
|
|
|
-gram
|
image, picture, recording
|
|
|
-graphy
|
process of recording
|
|
|
-ia
|
state or condition
|
|
|
-ion
|
action or condition
|
|
|
-ism
|
state of
|
|
|
-itis
|
inflammation (a response to injury or infection characterized by redness, pain, heat and swelling in the injured or infected area of the body)
|
|
|
-ization
|
process of
|
|
|
-ize
|
use or subject to
|
|
|
-kinesia
|
movement
|
|
|
-listhesis
|
slipping
|
|
|
-lithiasis
|
condition of stones
|
|
|
-logist
|
one who studies or specialist
|
|
|
-logy
|
study of
|
|
|
-lucent
|
clear or to shine
|
|
|
-lysis
|
separation or destruction (adding this suffix creates a noun, for example hemolysis, blood destruction)
|
|
|
-lytic
|
separating or destructing
|
|
|
-lytic
|
separating or destructing (adding this suffix creates an adjective, for example hemolytic, blood destructing, such as "hemolytic anemia")
|
|
|
-malacia
|
softening
|
|
|
-manometer
|
instrument to measure pressure
|
|
|
-megaly
|
enlargement, large
|
|
|
-meter
|
instrument for measuring
|
|
|
-metry
|
process of measuring
|
|
|
-metry
|
process of measuring
|
|
|
-ole
|
small
|
|
|
-oma
|
tumor or mass
|
|
|
-opaque
|
obscure
|
|
|
-opsy
|
view of
|
|
|
-opsy
|
view of
|
|
|
-orexia
|
appetite
|
|
|
-osis
|
abnormal condition or abnormal formation
|
|
|
-osmia
|
smell
|
|
|
-osmia
|
smell
|
|
|
-ostomy
|
surgical construction of a mouth or outlet
|
|
|
-ostomy
|
surgical construction of a mouth or outlet
|
|
|
-otomy
|
incision
|
|
|
-pathy
|
disease
|
|
|
-penia
|
abnormal decrease or deficiency
|
|
|
-pexy
|
surgical fixation
|
|
|
-phage
|
eating
|
|
|
-phobia
|
abnormal fear or aversion
|
|
|
-phylaxis
|
protect
|
|
|
-plakia
|
plate
|
|
|
-plasia
|
growth or formation
|
|
|
-plasm
|
growth or formation
|
|
|
-plastic
|
forming
|
|
|
-plastic
|
forming
|
|
|
-plasty
|
surgical repair or reshaping by surgery
|
|
|
-plegia
|
paralysis
|
|
|
-pnea
|
breathing
|
|
|
-pnea
|
breathing
|
|
|
-poiesis
|
formation
|
|
|
-poietin
|
one that forms
|
|
|
-porosis
|
porous
|
|
|
-prandial
|
meal
|
|
|
-ptosis
|
drooping
|
|
|
-ptysis
|
spitting
|
|
|
-rrhagia or -rrhage
|
profuse fluid discharge or excessive discharge
|
|
|
-rrhaphy
|
suturing
|
|
|
-rrhea
|
discharge or flow
|
|
|
-rrhea
|
discharge or flow
|
|
|
-rrhexis
|
rupture
|
|
|
-sclerosis
|
hardening
|
|
|
-scope
|
instrument for viewing or examination
|
|
|
-scope
|
instrument for viewing or examination
|
|
|
-scopy
|
process of using an instrument to visually examine
|
|
|
-stasis
|
standing still
|
|
|
-stenosis
|
narrowing
|
|
|
-stomy
|
surgical opening
|
|
|
-therapy
|
treatment
|
|
|
-thorax
|
chest
|
|
|
-tome
|
cutting instrument
|
|
|
-tripsy
|
surgical crushing
|
|
|
-tripsy
|
crushing
|
|
|
-trophy
|
development or nourishment
|
|
|
-ule
|
small
|
|
|
-um
|
adding "-um" to a word root creates a singular noun (example, adding "-um" to bacteri/o creates the singular noun bacterium)
|
|
|
-uria
|
urine condition or urination
|
