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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the two major groups of adrenergic antagonists.
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-alpha-adrenergic blocking agents -beta-adrenergic blocking agents
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List the 8 drugs that are alpha-adrenergic blocking agents.
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-phenoxybenzamine
-phentolamine -alfuzosin -Doxazosin (most frequently used) -Prazosin (most frequently used) -Silodosin -Terazosin (most frequently used) -Tamsulosin |
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List the 16 drugs that are beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
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-Carteolol
-Nadolol -Penbutolol -Pindolol -Propranolol -Sotalol -Timolol -Carvedilol -Labetalol -Acebutolol -Atenolol -Betaxolol -Bisoprolol -Esmolol -Metoprolol -Nebivolol |
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What are the therapeutic applications of alpha blockade?
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-Essential Hypertension
-Reversal of Toxicity from Alpha1 Agonists -Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia -Pheochromocytoma -Raynaud's Disesae |
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What is Reynaud's Disease?
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a peripheral vascular disorder characterized by vasospasm in the toes and fingers.
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What is Pheochromocytoma?
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a catecholamine-secreting tumor derived from cells of the sympathetic nervous system.
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What is the effect called that causes a person to lose consciousness after receiving their initial prazosin dose?
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"first-dose" effect. It is a result of severe postural hypotension.
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T or F: All adverse effects of beta1 blockade are the result of blocking beta1 receptors in the heart, not the kidney?
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True. Blockade of renal receptors is not a concern.
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Doxazosin
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-selective, competitive antagonist at alpha1 receptors. Approved for hypertension and BPH.
•Pharmacokinetics: Administered orally. Peak 2-3 hours. Prolonged half-life: 22 hours. Hepatic metabolism and biliary excretion. • Adverse effects: can cause orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, nasal congestion • 2 oral formulations: standard tablets (1, 2, 4 and 8 mg)- marketed as Cardura; and sustained-release tablets (4 and 8 mg)- marketed as Cardura XL. Cardura approved for hypertension and BPH. Cardura XL approved for BPH only. • Cardura: initial dosage 1mg/once per day. Up to maximum of 16mg daily for hypertension and 8mg daily for BPH. • Cardura XL: initial dosage is 4mg/once per day with breakfast. Can be increased to 8 mg/once per day after 3-4 weeks. |
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What are the main actions of the drug: Prazosin (Minipress) ?
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-stimulates alpha receptors in the central nervous system to inhibit vasoconstriction, thus reducing peripheral resistance, which reduces blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
• The result is dilation of arterioles and veins, and relaxation of smooth muscle in the bladder neck (trigone and sphincter) and prostatic capsule. |
