Fractures Part Ii

Front 1

most common pattern of sacral fracture

Back 1

vertical

Front 2

lateral and extraforaminal with low incidence of neurologic and bladder injury

Back 2

zone 1

Front 3

transverse sacral foramen

Back 3

zone 2

Front 4

medial and extraforaminal with central involvement. neurologic injury with bowel and bladder dysfunction

Back 4

zone 3

Front 5

transverse fractures of the sacrum occurs at what vertebral level

Back 5

s1-s3

Front 6

patterns of sacral fractures (3)

Back 6

vertical
transverse
h-shaped

Front 7

avulsion fracture of the pelvis may affect what structures (3)

Back 7

ASIS
AIIS
ischial tuberosity

Front 8

other name for avulsion fracture of the pelvis

Back 8

sprinter fracture

Front 9

iliac crest fracture

Back 9

duverney fracture

Front 10

what is the known complication of straddle injury

Back 10

urethral injury

Front 11

bilateral superior and inferior rami fx are known as ___

Back 11

straddle injury

Front 12

this was originally described in horseback riders and is the result of direct trauma

Back 12

straddle injury

Front 13

result of high energy blunt trauma

Back 13

pelvic ring injury

Front 14

what is the leading cause of death among pelvic ring injury patients

Back 14

hemorrhage

Front 15

anterior stability of the pelvic ring is achieved with __ and __

Back 15

rami
symphysis pubis

Front 16

what is the main contributor to the posterior stability of pelvic ring

Back 16

interosseous sacroiliac ligament

Front 17

normal symphysis measurement

Back 17

2.5 cm

Front 18

young and burgess classification of pelvic ring injury(3)

Back 18

anterior posterior compression
lateral compression
vertical shear

Front 19

usually result of posterior hip dislocation

Back 19

posterior wall fracture

Front 20

indications for surgery among patients with acetabular fracture (6)

Back 20

greater than 3 mm articular step off
posterior wall fx of greater than 40%
marginal impaction
loss of acetabular congruency
intraarticular debris
irreducible fracture/dislocations

Front 21

majority of hip dislocations are in what direction?

Back 21

posterior

Front 22

due to the impaction of the femoral head upon the acetabulum from direct force to the distal femur

Back 22

hip fracture

Front 23

impaction of the femoral head upon the acetabulum from direct force to the distal femur

Back 23

dashboard injury

Front 24

fracture of the posterior rim of the acetabulum may result in what nerve injury

Back 24

sciatic

Front 25

with this type of dislocation the femoral head is displaced into the obturator and pubic region

Back 25

anterior dislocation

Front 26

with this type of dislocation the femoral head projects into the pelvic cavity

Back 26

internal dislocation

Front 27

common in osteoporotic women

Back 27

proximal femur fracture

Front 28

extracapsular fractures (2)

Back 28

intertrochanteric
subtrochanteric

Front 29

intracapsular fractures (2)

Back 29

femoral neck
femoral head

Front 30

which type of proximal femoral fracture has high incidence of avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Back 30

intracapsular fracture

Front 31

Garden Classification: incomplete (possible impacted) fractures with the femoral head in valgus position

Back 31

garden I

Front 32

Garden Classification: complete but nondisplaced. the femoral head is in mild varus position

Back 32

garden II

Front 33

Garden Classification: complete, partially displaced

Back 33

garden III

Front 34

Garden Classification: complete with full displacement

Back 34

garden IV

Front 35

what treatment for femoral neck fracture would you give for young patient

Back 35

close reduction and internal fixation

Front 36

what treatment for femoral neck fracture would you give for sedentary, medical problems, poor bone stock patient

Back 36

bipolar hemiarthroplasty vs. primary THRA

Front 37

what treatment would you give for patients with multiple medical problems with low life expectancy and poor bone stock

Back 37

unipolar hemiarthroplasty

Front 38

what treatment would you give for patients with high activity level, good bone stock

Back 38

CRIF vs ORIF

Front 39

intertrochanteric fractures classification wherein the lesser and greater trochanter are neither fractured

Back 39

two part fracture

Front 40

intertrochanteric fracture classification wherein wether the lesser or greater trochanter is fracture

Back 40

three part fracture

Front 41

itnertrochanteric fracture classification wherein both lesser and greater trochanter are fractured

Back 41

four part fracture

Front 42

what artery may be injured with complex fracture of the distal femur

Back 42

superficial femoral artery

Front 43

this region extends from 5cm above the meraphyseal flare to the articular surfaces

Back 43

supracondylar region

Front 44

treatment for non displaced supracondylar fracture

Back 44

cast brace, NWB, ROM

Front 45

treatment for displaced supracondylar fracture

Back 45

ORIF, IMN, condylar screw side plate, angle plate

Front 46

avulsion of the medial femoral condyle at the origin of medial collateral ligament

Back 46

pelligrini-stieda disease

Front 47

avusion fracture of the lateral tibial plateau at the side of attachement of lateral capsular ligament

Back 47

segond fracture

Front 48

segond fracture is frequently associated with tears of ___

Back 48

ACL or menisci

Front 49

patellar fractures are classified accdg to ___

Back 49

holt and larson

Front 50

what is the most common patellar fx

Back 50

transverse fracture

Front 51

differentiation of patellar fx is made from a _____ located usually at the superolateral margin

Back 51

bipartite patella

Front 52

tx for patellar dislocation

Back 52

cylinder cast for 6 wks then progressive ROM

Front 53

usually occurs in patients who are younger than 40 y/o and athletically active

Back 53

patellar tendon rupture

Front 54

usually occurs in px who are older than age 40 yrs and sedentary

Back 54

quadriceps tendon rupture

Front 55

tibial plateau fractures were originally termed as ____ or ___

Back 55

fender or bumper fractures

Front 56

what type of tibila plateau fracture is the most common? this is caused by trauma from valgus froce

Back 56

lateral plateau fracture

Front 57

what is the classification used to describe tibial plateau fracture

Back 57

schatzker classification

Front 58

schatzker classification (4)

Back 58

depression
split
split depression
condylar

Front 59

disease involves the tibial tubercle

Back 59

osgood-schlatter's disease

Front 60

osteochonditis of the tibial tuberosity

Back 60

osgood-schlatter's disease

Front 61

fracture of the medial malleolus of the ankle with disruption of the tibiofibular syndesmosis

Back 61

maisonneuve fracture

Front 62

fracture of the proximal third of the fibular

Back 62

maisonneuve fracture

Front 63

results from an ankle eversion injury

Back 63

mainssoneuve fracture

Front 64

more comminuted fractures of the proximal tibia may compromise blood supply of the __ artery

Back 64

popliteal artery

Front 65

in this fracture, you should check for compartment syndrome

Back 65

tibial shaft fracture

Front 66

MOI of tibial shaft fracture

Back 66

direct hit

Front 67

peritalar dislocation refers to dislocation of what joints

Back 67

talocalcaneal and talonavicular joints

Front 68

most common variety of subtalar dislocation

Back 68

medial dislocation

Front 69

basketball foot

Back 69

subtalar dislocation

Front 70

total talar dislocation refers to

Back 70

tibiotalar and subtalar joint dislocation

Front 71

most common dislocation of the foot

Back 71

lisfranc dislocation

Front 72

dorsal dislocation of tarsometatarsal joints

Back 72

lisfranc joints

Front 73

lisfranc joints is common among ___

Back 73

charcot joints

Front 74

consists of lateral dislocation of metatarsals of one through five or two through five

Back 74

homolateral dislocation

Front 75

consists of lateral dislocation of metatarsals two through five and medial dislocation of metatarsal one

Back 75

divergent dislocation

Front 76

this can be seen in parachute jumpers

Back 76

lisfranc dislocation

Front 77

due to severe plantarflexion of the foot with folding of the midfoot upon the forefoot

Back 77

lisfranc dislocation

Front 78

comminuted fracture of the distal tibia

Back 78

pilon fracture

Front 79

what is the common complication of pilon fracture

Back 79

posttraumatic arthritis

Front 80

fractures of medial, lateral and posterior malleoli of the tibia

Back 80

trimalleolar fracture

Front 81

this fracture may be caused by talar eversion and posterior displacement

Back 81

trimalleolar fracture

Front 82

trimalleolar fracture is also known as

Back 82

henderson fracture

Front 83

compression fractures of the talar neck, fractures of the body, fractures of the posterior process or fracture dislocation injuries

Back 83

aviator's astralagus

Front 84

what is the most frequently injured site in aviator's astragalus

Back 84

talar neck

Front 85

what is the most injured bone in the foot

Back 85

calcaneus

Front 86

what is the second most injured bone in the foot

Back 86

talus

Front 87

subchondral luscency secondary to hypervascularity

Back 87

hawkin's sign

Front 88

this a potential complication of neck fracture

Back 88

proximal avascular necrosis

Front 89

avascular necrosis which affects the second metatarsal head and is unilateral

Back 89

freiberg's infarction

Front 90

occurs one inch distal to the base of the fifth metatarsal. it is due to a twisting inversion injury to the foot

Back 90

jones fracture

Front 91

fracture of the proximal base of the fifth metatarsal due to peroneus brevis tendon avulsion

Back 91

pseudojones fracture

Front 92

stress fracture occurs in one of the metatarsal

Back 92

march fracture

Front 93

due to direct trauma. often part of the lisfranc fracture-dislocation spectrum

Back 93

metatarsal fracture

Front 94

common calcaneal fracture, resulting from an exial type of injury

Back 94

lover's fracture

Front 95

there is decrease in what angle in calcaneal fracture

Back 95

boehler's angle (<20 deg)

Front 96

calcaneus fracture is associated with (2)

Back 96

don juan fracture
pilon fracture

Front 97

what is the most common phalangeal injury of the foot

Back 97

fracture of distal phalanx of the first digit

Front 98

result of hyperextension injury. this results in avulsion of the capsule and a small fragment of the bone from the first MTP jt. there is also dislocation of the first MTP joint

Back 98

turf toe injury

Front 99

typically affects the ankle and tarsal joints due to diabetes

Back 99

charcot joint

Front 100

neuropathic joint in knees is caused by

Back 100

tabes

Front 101

neuropathic joint in the shoulder is caused by

Back 101

syringomyelia

Front 102

charcot joint is characterized by (6) Ds

Back 102

destruction
density
disorganization
dislocation
distension
debris