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51 Cards in this Set
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95 Thesis |
Written by Luther in 1517 Topics for debate on Indulgences Morally and Theologically Criticized Reason Luther is excommunicated
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Aggioromento |
"to bring up to date" Used in Vatican II |
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Allegory |
a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one |
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Arianism |
Originated with Arius (Priest) Said that the Son of God was created by the Father |
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Augustine v. Pelagius |
Augustine: Grace via Salvation; Original Sin Pelagius (Monk): No Original Sin; Adam was a bad example; Jesus was a good example. |
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Cappadocian Fathers |
Clarification of the original creed •Basil •Nyssa •Nuzianzus |
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Charles Martel |
Idea of centralized Government Battle of Tours - defeats the Arabs Son: Pipin Son: Karlos Son: Charlemagne |
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Qur'an |
Islamic Holy Book 114 Chapters Last and Most complete revelation No Trinity or Resurrection 30 yrs to put together |
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Filioque |
"and from the son" Charlemagne adds to creed 586 in Toledo Made son more important in the Trinity |
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John Cassian |
Known for Egyptian Monasticism |
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Magisterium |
Teaching office of the Roman Catholic Church Pope & Bishops |
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Constantine |
Called Ecumenical Councils Conversion Rate Increased Constantinople (Byzantine Empire) Barrier against muslim expansion Saw Chi-Rho symbol in Army Dream |
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Islamic Beliefs |
Means: "submission" 3rd Largest Faith in USA 5 Pillars Bearing Witness Prayer Alms-Giving Fasting Pilgrimage Jihad - Spiritual Awarness |
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Benedict of Nursia |
used inheritance to start monasteries Abbot instituted: Poverty; Chastity; Stability; Obedience; Prayer 8x a day; work; meals together |
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Feudalism |
King owns all and passes things down to people |
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Pope Gregory the Great 1 |
Monk Personally Funded Monasteries Converts N. Europeans with adaptation of cultures. "Servant of the servants of God" |
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Pope Gregory the Seventh |
German Opposed Lay Investiture Excommunicated Roman Emperor Henry IV Appoints another Bishop of Rome |
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Pop Innocent III |
1198-1216 Ruler of Papal States - High Point of Papal Power |
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Transubstantiation |
Doctrine of how the bread and wine become the real presence |
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Nepotism |
Placing relative into a position |
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Conciliarism |
Elect a pop to end dual popes via meeting of Bishops in Piza Ends with 3 Popes because others won't resign. 4th Pop elected @ Council of Constats Successful as others resign |
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Black Death |
Blood and Lungs Affected 30 - 75% Mortality Rate Started in Chino 1350 |
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Basil the Great |
Cappadocian Father Known as the father of Eastern Monasticism |
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Believers Baptism |
idea popularized by the churches of Radical Reformation, that since Baptism involves entering into the covenant with God, it requires active belief by an adult |
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Catherine of Siena |
Dominican tertiary; Helped end the Avignon Papacy; Prayer life led her into a vision of mystical marriage to Christ. Her visions often were of the nourishing an cleansing blood of sacrifice of christ on the cross. |
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Catholic Reformation |
efforts of those Roman Catholics who wanted to bring about the internal rebirth of Catholic Sensibility. Theology, Spirituality, religious piety and morality |
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Council of Trent |
18 year long meeting addressing doctrinal an practical issues of reform and both within the catholic church and in response to the protestant reformation |
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CounterReformation |
efforts of those who during the protestant reformation, were loyal to the pope and supportive of the of the customary practices of the protestant reformers |
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Covenant |
a sacred of formal agreement between two parties |
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Dominicans |
an order of beggar friars founded by Dominic Guzman, also called order of preachers. Known for their radical understanding of the vow of poverty, their primary vocation was to preach and hear confessions |
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Donatism |
a group of Christians that split from the maid body of the church in the 4th cent. in a dispute over whether priests or bishops who collaborated with roman persecutors of christianity |
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Dualism` |
a way of looking at reality as divided between two hostile divine powers, one representing good and the other evil |
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Enculturation |
the process by which an individual learns to live and act within a particular culture in such a way that the culture's particular pattern of actions and thought becomes second nature |
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Francis Xavier |
a companion of Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the jesuit order, and the leader of the catholic mission to india, japan, and china |
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HistoricalCriticism |
a development of the renaissance movement, the use of historical knowledge to evaluate ancient writings, as well as existing traditions and institutions |
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Humanism |
Renaissance humanism was a literary and historical movement to recover the Latin and Greek classics, and with them to discover a more secular and individualistic view of humanity. Modern humanism is a philosophy that focuses on and exalts humanity. |
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Iconoclast |
one who is opposed to the veneration of icons |
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Inculturation |
a term used to describe the process by which religion "learns" to live and act within a culture different from the one in which it began, so that the religion gradually comes to act naturally within that culture's pattern of actions and thought. |
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Indulgences |
a practice popular in teh medieval church in which the church would cancel all or part of penance due to an individual who had sunned, when the individual had completed certain devotions, acts of charity, or services for the church |
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Inquisition |
a legal body set up to investigate and punish heretics. Although the Inquisition itself was usually under the jurisdiction of church officials, civil leaders were often called upon to execute whatever punishments were assigned. |
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Lent |
a period of forty weekdays in which Christians fast and do penance in anticipation of the feast of Easter, commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ |
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Mendicant |
"begging" a type of religious order that emerged in the High Middle Ages. |
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Mysticism |
a spiritual phenomenon that expresses itself in direct, intense experiences of union and oneness with God. Generally the journey consists of three phases: Cleansing of Sin, attraction to all the things of God, and state of Oneness with God. |
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Nominalism |
a late medieval philosophical movement that addresses issues of human knowledge. It argues that knowledge can be derived only from the experience of individual things. Universals such as humanity or truth do not really exist. |
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Pelagius |
Christian monk who introduced the Pelagian notion that original sin did not seriously damage the human capacity to do good,that human nature remained essentially good, and that human beings could lead holy lives if they exerted sufficient effort; these notions were opposed by Augustine and eventually condemned as heretical by the Catholic Church |
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Scholasticism |
medieval theology that took the truths uncovered by philosophers like Aristotle and showed how they were compatible with Christianity. In general scholastic theology, so-called because of its setting in medieval schools and the new universities, tried to harmonize faith and reason |
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Simony |
the buying and selling of spiritual things, including church leadership positions |
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Theocracy |
"The rule of god" No separation between church and state |
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Ulrich Zwingli |
Swiss reformer and theologian, emphasis on justification by grace alone. |
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John Wesley |
English theologian Followers broke away from Methodist Church |
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John Wycliffe |
Preached against abuse in the church and challenged some of the church's doctrines. He also advocated the translation of the Bible into English |
