Fpe Ch 8 Sociological Foundations

Front 1

what is the study of sociology concerned with?

Back 1

people, groups, institutions, and human activities

In terms of what?

Hint 1

social behavior and social order

Front 2

what is the study of sociology concerned with?

Back 2

people, groups, institutions, and human activities

In terms of what?

Hint 2

social behavior and social order in society

Front 3

what institutions of society is sociology concerned with?

Back 3

religion, family, government, education, and leisure

Front 4

what does sport sociology focus on examining?

Back 4

relationship of sport and society

Front 5

when did sport sociology emerge as a distinct field?

Back 5

late 60's

how far back can its foundations be traced?

Hint 5

mid-late 1800's

Front 6

what is the primary challenge to sport sociology at this time?

Back 6

more research is needed to create theories about sport and its relationship with society

Front 7

what stages of life have been highlighted in sport sociology up to this point?

Back 7

childhood and early adult hood

Front 8

what stages of life have been highlighted in sport sociology up to this point?

Back 8

childhood and early adult hood

what needs to be focused on?

Hint 8

female participation and participation throughout life

Front 9

when sociologists discuss sport what are they often referring to?

Back 9

physical activity with competition in formal organized conditions

what does sport involve from the sociological point of view?

Hint 9

institutionalized competitive physical activity

Front 10

this is a standardized pattern or set of behaviors sustained over a period of time and from one situation to another

Back 10

institutionalization

Front 11

when does sport occur regarding participation motives?

Back 11

when intrinsic motives are balanced with extrinsic

Front 12

what type of activity exists when intrinsic motives prevail?

Back 12

play

Front 13

what type of activity results when extrinsic motives prevail?

Back 13

work

list examples of extrinsic motives

Hint 13

medals or money

Front 14

is there always a balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation during a sporting event?

Back 14

athletes may switch back and forth between the two

Front 15

in the alternative approach to defining sports within social and cultural contexts of certain societies what two questions are asked?

Back 15

1)what do people in the studied society consider sport. 2) which sports reward the most support and resources?

Front 16

what boys sports saw the greatest gains in participation?

Back 16

11 man football, outdoor track and field, baseball and wrestling

what girls sports saw increases?

Hint 16

competitive cheer, outdoor track and field, indoor track and field, and cross country

Front 17

what determines whether or not interscholastic sport helps participants attain desirable educational goals and provide positive experiences?

Back 17

how the programs are conducted

Front 18

what do critics of tough eligibility standards say?

Back 18

students that stay in school just to play sports might become ineligible and drop out

Front 19

what is the central controversy of no pass no play?

Back 19

if sport is a privilege to be earned the policy is appropriate.

How can the policy be inappropriate?

Hint 19

if sport has educational value then it shouldn't be withheld from anyone

Front 20

what are the criticisms of interscholastic sport?

Back 20

restricted number of opportunities for participation, pay to play policies, anabolic steroid and drug abuse, rising costs

Front 21

what is the nature of the intercollegiate sport experience across the U.S. like?

Back 21

it varies widely

Front 22

what are the three primary governing bodies of intercollegiate sport?

Back 22

National Collegiate Athletic association, national association of intercollegiate athletics and national junior college athletic association

Front 23

what are the results of D-1 sport programs being business like?

Back 23

commercialism and entertainment dominate; educational goals are demphasized and subverted

Front 24

the pressure on coaches to win causes them to focus on player eligibility. what are the results of this?

Back 24

recruitment of athletes that aren't prepared academically for college. coaches advise these players to take easy courses, pressure professors to give good grades, and advise athletes to pursue easy majors

Front 25

according to 2009 ncaa d1 graduation rates who had a higher graduation rate? male athletes, female athletes, or female students?

Back 25

1)female athletes 2)male athletes 3)female students

what's true of black male and female athletes?

Hint 25

graduate at a higher rate than overall black students

Front 26

according to 2009 ncaa d1 graduation rates who had a higher graduation rate? male athletes, female athletes, or female students?

Back 26

1)female athletes 2)male athletes 3)female students

what's true of black male and female athletes?

Hint 26

graduate at a higher rate than overall black students, but at a lower rate than white atheltes

Front 27

what sports are graduation rates lowest in?

Back 27

football and basketball

Front 28

this graduation rate calculation takes students who have transferred or not returned for a variety of reasons, but left the institution in good academic standing

Back 28

Graduation Success Rate (GSR)

Front 29

this measure of academic success is based on GSR of student athletes. a team gets 1 point for each athlete who is academically eligible and 1 point for every athlete that remains enrolled in school. teams that score below 925 can lose some of their scholarships

Back 29

Academic Progress Rate (APR)

Front 30

what are the criticisms of NCAA's initial eligibility standards?

Back 30

discriminate against poor people that went to shitty high schools

Front 31

what was the overall ineligibility rate in 2001? what was it for black student athletes? for white and hispanic?

Back 31

6.8% overall, 20.6% for blacks, 9.2 for hispanic, 3.7% for white

Front 32

what was the ineligibility rate for student athlete's who's family income was below 30k/year?

Back 32

16.7%

what about student athletes whose family income was above 80k a year

Hint 32

2.1%

Front 33

In comparison with whites what are the SAT scores of minorities like?

Back 33

lower

what are the SAT scores of females like compared with male?

Hint 33

significantly lower

Front 34

what happens to SAT and ACT scores as family income goes up?

Back 34

average scores increase

Front 35

this NCAA rule requires steady progress toward completion of graduation requirements and the attainment of a specified GPA to remain eligible to compete.

Back 35

40-60-80 rule

Front 36

who is most effected by the practice of athletic programs ceasing to care about athlete's academic progress after their 3-4 years of eligibility is used up?

Back 36

athletes from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and those not prepared for college.

why?

Hint 36

can't afford extra semesters required to graduate, don't get extra assistance (tutors) formerly available to them through sports program

Front 37

what are the key points of one-plus-three?

Back 37

1)student athletes deserve the same rights and responsibilities as all other students 2) athletic departments budgets should be subject to institutional oversight and direct control 3) colleges need to retake control from corporate sponsors

Front 38

what are the three areas colleges must meet in the determination of compliance with Title IX?

Back 38

proportionality, history and continued practice, accomidation of interests and abilities

Front 39

what has Title IX resulted in?

Back 39

increases in female participation at interscholastic and intercollegiate levels

Front 40

how is sports empowering for girls?

Back 40

changes their perception of themselves

Front 41

how is sports empowering for girls?

Back 41

changes their perception of themselves


what types of feelings do sports foster for girls?

Hint 41

competence, confidence, and control of life

Front 42

what limits participation of girls and women in sport?

Back 42

finances

Front 43

why is sex discrimination still a feature of many athletic programs?

Back 43

new laws are met with resistance, enforcers don't know how to implement them, and people don't want to change the status-quo

Front 44

women's sports programs have increased in number. what's happened to women coaches and administrators?

Back 44

jobs have declined

Front 45

what are the reasons there are so few women coaches and administrators?

Back 45

lack of qualified applicants, lack of role models for aspiring females, traditional stereotypes of women

Front 46

why are black athletes overrepresented in basketball and football?

Back 46

sports require no expensive equipment or training, coaching is available through public schools, visible role models for aspiring athletes

Front 47

why are black athletes underrepresented in hockey, swimming, volleyball, gymnastics, soccer, golf, and tennis?

Back 47

expensive sports to play because of private lessons, elite coaching, expensive equipment, travel, and club memberships, no role models for minorities

Front 48

this is a web of ideas and beliefs that people use to give meaning to skin color and evaluate people and forms of social organizations in terms of racial classifications

Back 48

race ideology

Front 49

this is when players from certain racial or ethnic groups are disproportionately represented at certain positions

Back 49

stacking

Front 50

at what positions in sport are whites disproportionately represented?

Back 50

ones requiring leadership, dependability, and decision making skills

where are black players overrepresented?

Hint 50

positions requiring speed, agility, and quick reactions

Front 51

does staking only occur in the U.S.?

Back 51

it's widespread in other sports and countries

Front 52

what results from stacking?

Back 52

prejudice and discrimination

Front 53

in the past and up until now what has participation of native amercians been like?

Back 53

limited in most sports

Front 54

in the past and up until now what has participation of native amercians been like?

Back 54

limited in most sports

what limits their participation?

Hint 54

poverty, poor health, lack of equipment, limited programs

Front 55

what results from Indian team names and mascots?

Back 55

stereotypes are accepted as accurate depictions of native people and demean their cultural heritage and history

Front 56

this organization is concerned with the elimination of Native American Stereotypes from advertising and sport.

Back 56

Concerned American Indian Parents

Front 57

what does the stereotyping of racial, ethnic, religious, or other groups when promoted by public educational institutions teach students?

Back 57

stereotyping minority groups is acceptable

Front 58

what do false portrayals of native americans prevent non native americans from understanding?

Back 58

true historical and cultural experiences of American Indians

Front 59

what has overemphasis on winning done to youth sport programs?

Back 59

coaching conniving to get the best players, holding long practices, berating children for their mistakes

Front 60

what do professionals believe the nature of youth sport programs should be?

Back 60

developmental in nature

Front 61

what do professionals believe the nature of youth sport programs should be?

Back 61

developmental in nature

what does developmental mean in this case?

Hint 61

focus on enhancing physical, cognitive, and affective development of each child

Front 62

what is bad about specialization?

Back 62

children should be able to develop fundamental motor skills and be exposed to a variety of sports

Front 63

what are the downsides of serious year round training?

Back 63

overuse injuries, psychological burnout

Front 64

is competitive sport for youth inherently good or bad?

Back 64

no

why?

Hint 64

sport is what one makes it.

Front 65

what does structuring a program so that children experience success and satisfaction mean?

Back 65

modifying rules, equipment, or playing area to promote success and participation

Front 66

what elements of sport do children find enjoyable?

Back 66

lots of action, chance for involvement, close scores, and friendship

Front 67

why is there an increase in attention to develop coaching education programs for youth sports?

Back 67

many youth sport coaches are volunteers with no formal coaching experience

Front 68

what model should youth sport programs be organized on?

Back 68

developmental model

Front 69

what does the media's promotion of games for their potential for violence encourage?

Back 69

spectator violence

Front 70

what does the media's promotion of games for their potential for violence encourage?

Back 70

spectator violence

what else increases the potential for violence?

Hint 70

fans feel there was poor officiating, alcohol consumption, significance of the game, demographics of the crowd, crowd size, and seating arrangements

Front 71

what is needed to eliminate parental violence in youth sport?

Back 71

strong leadership and holding parents accountable for their actions

Front 72

how does environment contribute to the potential for violence?

Back 72

spectators bring issues and ideologies reflective of events in their communities to sports events

Front 73

why do experts feel violence at sporting events should be abhorred?

Back 73

interferes with proper play, takes away from athlete performance, barbaric in nature

Front 74

what is the real and best, but least realistic solution to violence at sporting events?

Back 74

change in attitude of all people involved