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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the types of Narrative Perspectives? |
1. Omniscient Narration 2. Restricted Narration 3. First Person Narration 4. Reflexive Narration 5. Unreliable Narration 6. Multiple Narrations |
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What are the different types of Narrative Characters? |
1.Character Coherence 2. The Single Character 3. Character Types 4. Stereotypes 5. Character development |
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What is Omniscient Narration? |
It is a third-person narration in which the narrator has an omniscient (all knowing) perspective. It shows private thoughts and events and jumps between scenes and times. |
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What is Restricted Narration? |
It is a point of view from only one character. We only know as much as they do. |
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What is First Person Narration? |
The story is told from a first-person perspective. The narrator is speaking directly about themselves. |
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What is Reflexive Narration? |
A story from many different characters' point of view. |
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What is Unreliable Narration? |
It is where the narrator may be lying/crazy or not trust worthy. |
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What is Multiple Narrations? |
It is when there are interconnected story lines showing different perspectives to the macro story. |
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What is Character Coherence? |
Do the characters feel like they belong in the same world? |
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What is the Single Character? |
It is building up a hero to restore harmony.
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What are Character Types? |
Some examples are a femme fetal, villian, hero.
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What are Stereotypes? |
They are characters commonly seen in movies based on preconceptions of society. |
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What is Character Development? |
It is when the character progresses on an emotional level or the audience sees more of their personality as the film goes on. |
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What are the 3 primary features of a classical narrative? |
1. One (or more) central character(s) that make the plot move along with cause + effect 2. Plot develops in a linear chronology 3. Omniscient/Restricted narration that suggests a bit of realism |
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What is the structure of a classical narrative? |
1. Presentation of situation 2. Disruption of situation 3. Resolution of disruption |
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What are Alternative Narratives? |
They deviate from classical narratives by undermining the perspective of the character and question objective realism. |
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What are Phenomenological Images? |
They visually participate as we would experience them in real life. |
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What are Psychological Images? |
They reflect a state of mind, emotional atmosphere. |
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What are Aesthetic Images? |
They are contemplated and understood for their artistic quality. They evoke an emotional response. |
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What are Semiotic Images? |
They are to be read and interpreted like language. They are signs that elicit literal references. |
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What is an Establishing Shot? |
It is a long shot; orients viewer to settings |
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What is a Two Shot? |
It sets up a conversation between two people. |
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What is a POV shot? |
It is a shot that shows the perspective of a character; "Over the shoulder shot" |
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Know the shots according to the man in the slides. |
You'll know what I'm talking about if you look through the slides. Bruh. |
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What is Continuity Editing? |
It smooths out any discontinuity; conceals cuts; logical sense between shots. |
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What is Analytical Editing? |
It breaks up a continuous scene for dramatic/psychological reasons |
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What is Disjunctive Editing? |
It is a clear break from cut; brings attention to the editing. |
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What is Movement Editing? |
It groups similar actions and edits them together |
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What is Graphic Editing? |
It groups shots with similar colours, light, shapes, lines together. |
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What is Rhythmic Editing? |
It is usually done to music, follows timing determined by number of cuts and length of shots. |
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What is a Cut? |
It is the break in images that marks the different video clips. |
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What is a Jump Cut? |
It is when the flow of action is disrupted. |
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What is the 180 degree rule? |
It is the rule that no shots in a scene can cross the axis of action. |
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What is a Shot - Reverse-Shot? |
It is when a shot is set up on one end of the axis and then a similar shot is set up at the other end of the axis. |
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What is an Insert Shot? |
It is used with POV shots to show details within the scene. |
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What is a Reaction Shot? |
It is used with POV shots to show the character's reaction to something the audience has just seen. |
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What are Transitions? |
They are used to conceal cuts. (Fade In/Out, Dissolves, Wipes) |
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What is a Sequence? |
It is a series of clips all centered around a common action. |
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What is a Scene? |
It is made up of multiple sequences depicting the same time/space. |
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What were the 3 legal issues of Hollywood and when did they happen? |
1. House of Un-American Activities Committee (1947) 2. Paramount Decision (1948) 3. Production (Hays) Code (1968) |
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What was the House of Un-American Activities Committee issue? |
They were a committee tasked with finding those with ties to Nazis but focused on those with ties to Communism. They accused the Hollywood picture industry for having Communist propaganda. When there were those that refused to answer questions, they were blacklisted and known as the "Hollywood Ten." |
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What was the Paramount Decision issue? |
It was a legal case in which the studios' rights to own their own theaters came into question. The outcome was that the studios lost their right to own theaters; therefore, the rent was increased for exhibitors, production costs went up, fewer films were made and studios increased their rates to theaters. |
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What was the Production (Hays) Code issue? |
It was a code that outlined what was acceptable/unacceptable to show American audiences in films. After several years of minimal enforcement, it was swapped out for the MPAA rating system. |
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When was the Class "Silent" Era? |
It was in 1917-1927. |
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What happened during the the Silent Era? |
Film production was standardized, POV shots were introduced, narrative realism was established and each film was about 100 minutes long. |
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When was the Classic "Sound" Era? |
It was in 1927-1945. |
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What happened in the Sound Era? |
The dialogues and characterizations became more elaborate, a general formula developed, Warner Brothers and MGM came about and the Little Three: Universal, United Artists and Columbia. |
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What are Semiotics? |
The study of signs. |
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What are Signs? |
They are made up of a Signifier, Signified and a Referent. |
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What is the Signifier? |
It is the written or spoken word. |
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What is the Signified? |
It is the mental image/concept. |
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What is the Referent? |
It is the actual thing in real life. |
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Who defined the different kinds of Signs? |
C.S. Peirce |
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What are Symbols? |
They do not resemble the referent at all. Think of the Peace sign. |
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What are icons? |
They kind of resemble the referent. Think the washroom icons. |
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What are indexical signs? |
They have a direct causal relationship with referent. |
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What is the Anti-essentialist Framework? |
It states that the meaning behind signs can change due to interpretation and social backgrounds. |
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What is Realism? |
It is an artwork's truthful portrayal of society. It strives for verisimilitude. |
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What is Cinematic Realism? |
It is a realist medium because of its relationship with duration and indexical nature of image. Long takes are preferred because they show an uninterrupted view of the natural world. |
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What is Structuralism? |
Basically says that each little part can only be understood in context of its role within a bigger system. |
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What does Structuralism do to narrative? |
It breaks it down into Form and Critique. |
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In terms of Structuralism, what does Form mean? |
The beginning situation is disturbed, thus prompting the hero to act and bring back another equilibrium. |
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In terms of Structuralism, what does Critique mean? |
It means upholding the values of the middle-class (incredible individual action, catharsis and closure) |
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When was the Postmodernism movement? |
It was in the late 20th century. |
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What was the Postmodernism movement? |
It was image-dependent, and talked about globalization, loss of history, repetition of images, marginalized perspectives, consumerism and kitsch. |
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What does Pastiche mean? |
It means any artwork that resembles another or a time era (parody, imitation, ect.) |
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What does Kitsch mean? |
Any artwork or design that is outdated and often ugly, but holds sentimental value and often is appreciated in a knowing way. E.g. a lava lamp. |
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What are the 3 realms of a Psychic experience? |
1. Imagination (mental image) 2. Symbolic (Words) 3. Real Life |
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What is Phenomenology? |
It considers that the viewer and the viewed share an embodied consciousness. |
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Who was responsible for Dialectical Montage? |
Sergie Einsenstien |
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What did the Soviet Union films focus on? |
They focused on historical subjects and political concepts. |
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What did the Japanese films focus on? |
They focused on the Characters rather than the Events/Action. |
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When did the Expressionist Cinema in Germany start? |
1918-1929. |
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When did New German Cinema start? |
Early 1960's |
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What did New German Cinema focus on? |
It focused on social and political commentaries. |
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What did Italian films focus on? |
They focused on post was problems, a stark minimalist style and real world settings. |
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When was the Avant Garde Movement in France? |
1920's-30's |
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What was involved in the Avant Garde Movement? |
It involved French Impressionism, Social Critique and Poetic Realism. |
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What was involved in the New French Wave? |
It involved Social Critique and Realism (Anre Bazin) |
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When did the film industry of India flourish? |
1948. |
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When did Bollywood overtake Hollywood as the world's biggest producer of film? |
1970. |
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What did Indian films involve? |
They involved songs and dance numbers as well as Hindu mythology. |
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What is Third Cinema? |
It is rooted in politics of decolonization, believes that film is the voice of the people, and rejects technical perfection. |
