Foundations Of Business Intelligence: Database And Information Management (Ch #5)

Front 1

database

Back 1

collection of related files containing records

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entity

Back 2

generalized categories representing a person, place or thing on which we store and maintain information

Front 3

attributes

Back 3

entity specific characteristics

Front 4

relational database

Back 4

organizes data into two-dimensional tables (called relations) with columns and rows

Front 5

field

Back 5

stores individual elements of data; represents an attribute for an entity

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record (tuples)

Back 6

row of information about a single entity

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key field

Back 7

uniquely identifies each record

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primary key

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is the unique identifier for all the information in any row of the table; cannot be duplicated

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foreign key

Back 9

a look-up field to find data in another table

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entity-relationship diagram

Back 10

schematic used to clarify table relationships in a relational database

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normalization

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the process of streamlining complex groups of data; minimizing redundant data elements; increasing stability/flexibility

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referential integrity

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rules to ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent

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database management system (DBMS)

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type of software for creating, storing, organizing and access data from a database (MS Access; MySQL)

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data definition

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specifies the structure of the content of the database

Front 15

data dictionary

Back 15

defines the characteristics of the fields in each table; automated or manual file that store definitions of data elements and their characteristics

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data manipulation language

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used to add, change, delete, and retrieve data in a database

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Structured Query Language (SQL)

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a prominent data manipulation language

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object-oriented DBMS

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stores data and procedures that act on those data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared; can store more complex types of information than relational DBMS;

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object-relational DBMS

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a relational/object-oriented DBMS hybrid

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data warehouse

Back 20

a database that stores current and historical data

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data mart

Back 21

a subset of a data warehouse in which a summarized or highly focused portion of data is placed in a separate database for a specific population of users

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online analytical processing (OLAP)

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supports multidimensional data analysis

Front 23

data mining

Back 23

provides insight by finding hidden patterns and relationships in large databases and inferring rules to predict future behavior

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predictive analytics

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uses data mining techniques, historical data and assumptions to predict event outcomes

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text mining

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able to extract key elements from large unstructured data sets (i.e., email, call transcripts, surveys, service reports, etc.)

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Web mining

Back 26

discovery and analysis of useful patterns and information from the WWW

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database server

Back 27

a dedicated computer on which a DBMS in a client/server environment resides

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information policy

Back 28

specifies the organization’s rules for sharing, disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, inventorying, classifying, and standardizing information

Front 29

data administration

Back 29

functions such as developing information policy, planning for data, overseeing logical database design and data dictionary development, monitoring how information systems specialist and end-users use data

Front 30

data quality audit

Back 30

a structured survey of the accuracy and level of completeness of the data in an information system

Front 31

data cleansing (data scrubbing)

Back 31

activities for detecting and correcting data in a database that are incorrect incomplete, improperly formatted or redundant