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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"clean technique" techniques that stop growth of pathogenic microorganisms. (Handwashing, changing bed linens) |
Medical asepsis
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surgical asepsis
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Destroys ALL microorganisms and their spores (fungi protozoa). (Surgical wounds, tools for surgery)
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Infectious process includes
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1. infectious agent, reservoir, exit route, method of transmission, entrance, host
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Infectious agent
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bacteria: a pathogen
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Spores
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grown without oxygen (anaerobic)
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Anthrax
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spore forming bacterium causes ACUTE infectious disease; 3 forms - skin, inhalation, gastrointestinal
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Virus
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smallest known agent. virus may gain entrance to the body through the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, skin, injected by mosquito, or hypodermic needle.
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Fungi
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most common diseases in humans. yeasts and molds. common in cnildren's scalp.
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protozoa
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single cell animal living everywhere. Found in intestinal tract, genitourinary tract, respiratory tract, and circulatory system
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reservoir
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a natural habitat for a microorgansim to live; includes oxygen, food, water, temp., pH, light. ex. soiled or wet dressing, bedside stand, urinary drainage bags
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exit route |
a microorganism CANNOT cause disease to another host unless it finds a point of exscape from the reservoir. Exit routes in humans are: gastrointestinal, respiratory, genitourinary, tissue, blood. (output, coughing, STD)
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Method os transmission
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"vehicle" that is contaminated. non-living objects: fomite (ie. stethescope, needle, soiled dressing, glass). living character: vector
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When beds are made, linens should not be shaken. T or F
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True. You can easily spread microorganisms.
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infectious agent, reservoir, exits, transmission, enterance, host
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infectious process
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What is our body's first line of defense?
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intact skin; provides barrier to micoorganism
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nosocomial infections |
infections acquired in a hospital at least 12 hrs after admission.
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2 types of nosocomial infestion? |
exogenous; infection is an infection casued by another person. endogenous is and infection caused by the patient's own microorganism like a patient's feces transferred to a skin wound by hands.
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2 tier approach to transmission-based precautions
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1st tier; standard precautions. 2nd tier; airborne (TB), droplet, and contact precautions
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Precautions for patient with TB
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single room, doors closed at all times with exception of entering and exiting, negative pressure monitered, neg. pressure air flow, 6 air changes per hr, HEPA filter (reduce number of droplet nuclei), wear mask when out of room
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color for airborne precautions signs
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yellow and purple
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Disinfection does not destroy spores. T or F |
true
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Sterilization does not kill spores. T or F
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false; kills all microorganisms including spores
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2 types of sterilazation?
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1. physical; radiation and heat (steam under pressure, boiling water)2. chemical; solutions, antiseptic, disinfectants (iodine, alcohol, bleach)
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