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Hur sker fortledningen av aktionspotentialer?
När en aktionspotential initieras i en axon fortleds den ned längs axonen från utlösningszonen till axonterminalen utan minskad styrka. En aktionspotential färdas egentligen inte längs axonen
Vad påverkar hur snabbt strömmen sprids?
Diametern hos en axon avgör hur snabbt strömmen sprids och, därför överföringshastigheten hos aktionspotentialer. Ju större diameter, desto mindre resistans till longitudinell flödesström (flödesström ned axonen).
Vad kallas den fortledning som sker i myeliniserade axoner?
Saltatorisk överföring.
Hur sker fortledning i myeliniserade axoner?
En aktionspotential i en myeliniserad axon skapar elektriska gradienter i de intracellulära och extracellulära vätskorna som liknar de som observeras i omyeliniseade axoner. Då en väldigt lite ström flödar över membranet där myelin isolerar den, måste strömmen flöda hela vägen till nästa Ranviers nod (kort avstånd), där den depolariserar detta område av membranet till tröskelvärdet och initierar en aktionspotential.
Varför är överföringshastigheter i myeliniserade axoner snabbare än i omyeliniserade axoner?
Det beror på att aktionspotentialer kan röra sig med stora hopp i myelinserade axoner, vilket går snabbare.