Forming A New Nation Test

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Magna Carta

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A document signed by King John in 1215 made the king subject to law (parliament). The Magna Carta guaranteed to basic rights for the citizens.

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republican

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A form of government in which people elect representatives who make and carry out laws.

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Articles of Confederation

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Congress would become the single branch of government, but it would have limited powers in order to protect the liberty of the people. This was the first central government of the U.S. (First National Constitution).

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constitution

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a set of basic principles that determines the powers and duties of a government.

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Northwest Ordinance

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Legislation passed by Congress to establish a political structure for the Northwest territory and create a system for the admission of new states.

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arsenal

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a weapons storehouse

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New Jersey Plan

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A proposal to create a unicameral legislature with equal representaion of states rather than representation by population; rejected at the Constitutional Convention.

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3/5 Compromise

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An agreement worked out at the Constitutional Convention stating that only 3/5 of the slaves in a state would count when determining a state's population for representation in the lower house of Congress.

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Virginia Plan

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The plan for government proposed at the Constitutional Convention in which the national government wiuld have supreme power and a legislative branch would have two houses with representation determined by population. The Virginia Plan created the three branches of government.

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House of Representatives

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The lower house of the U.S. Congress. They make the laws.

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Senate

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The upper house of the U.S. Congress (2 per state). The Senate interprets or explains the laws. They act as juries.

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James Madison

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A well educated delegate whoe served in many state legislatures or Congress. He wrote the Constitution. "The Father of the Constitution."

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Englis Bill of Rights

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A shift of political power from the monarchy to Parliament. Parliament is the supreme power, and we get some ideas from them.

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Second Continental Congress

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This is the first offical government of the U.S. They printed money, dealt with foreign affairs, and created a postal service.

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Northwest Territory

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Lands including present-day Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; organized by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.

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Tariffs

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Tazes on imports or exports

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Federalism

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U.S. system of government in which power is distributed between a central government and individual states.

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Checks and Balances

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A system established by the Constitution that prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful.

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Anti-Federalism

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Opposing the Constitution and wanted a strong state government.

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Shay's Rebellion

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An uprising of Massachusette's farmers, led by Daniel Shays, to protest high taxes, heavy dept., and farm forclosures. This called for a new constitution.

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Popular Sovereignty

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The idea that political authority belongs to the people. People decide what they want.

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Federalist

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People who supported ratification of the Constitution- mostly wealthy, rich people.

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Town Meeting

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A political meeting at which people make deiscions on local issues

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Albany PLan of Union

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A plan to create a unified government for the thirteen colonies suggested by Benjamin Franklin.

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Great Compromise

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An agreement worked out at the Constitutional Convention establishing that a state's population would determine representaion of the lower house of the legislature, while each state would have equal representation in the upper house of the legislature.

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Powers Granted to the Congress:

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1. Conduct foreign affaris

2. Declare war and make peace

3. Issue or borrow money

4. Control western territory

5. Control Native American affairs

6. Run a postal service

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Powers denied to the Congress:

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1. Can't enforce national law

2. Couldn't collect taxes

3. Couldn't establish a federal court system

4. Could not amend the Articles of Confederation

5. No executive branch, judicial branch

6. Can't regulate foreign trade

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Preamble of the Constitution:

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1. To form a more perfect union

2. To establish justice

3. Insure domestic tranquility

4. Provide for the common defense

5. Promote the general welfare

6. Secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our prosterity.

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House of Representatives requirements:

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1. Must be 25 years old

2. Have to be a citizen for at least 7 years

3. live in the state he or she has elected

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Senate requirements:

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1. Have to be at least 30 years old

2. Live in the state he or she represents

3. Be a citizen of the U.S. for 9 years

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President requirements:

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1. Must be a natural born citizen of the U.S.

2. Must be at least 35 years old

3. Must be a resident of the U.S. for at least 14 years.

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Judicial Branch

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interpret or explain the laws

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Executive Branch

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carries out and enforces the laws

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Legislative Branch

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make the laws