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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What do you need to know in order to conduct serology testing
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-Protein has to be in the blood or other body fluids
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What type of protein needs to be in the blood
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Generic
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What two proteins determine the most common form of blood typing
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xxx
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What two
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Antibodies - Indentifies the protein
Electrophaoresis - Inde |
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What does serological testing depend on
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the identification of proteins in the blood or other body fluids
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What are thes proteins produced by
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Our cells from genetic information
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What are antibodies
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A protein that destroys or inactivate a specific antigene
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What are Antigens
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A substance, usually a protein, that stimulates the body to produce antibodies against it.
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What are the different blood types
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A; B; AB; O
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What is the most common blood type
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O is the most common because 45% of the population is O blood type
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Blood Type Population type
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O = 45%
A = 39% B = 12% AB = 4% |
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What is Agglutination
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The clumping together of red blood cells by the action of an antibody
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What is Antiserum
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Blood Serum that contains specific antibodies
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Serum
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The liquid that separates from the blood when a clot is formed
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DNA
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Abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid - the molecules carrying the body's genetic information. It is double stranded in the shape of a double helix.
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What determines the blood type
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Only when agglutination occurrs determines blood A, B, or AB. If no aggultination orrcurs it's blood type O
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The average lifespan of blood is
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120 days
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What is the universal donor blood type
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O... give to anyone but can only receive from O
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Universal Receiver blood type is
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AB... can't give to nobody...but can receive anybody
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What is used to determine DNA or Paternaty
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Blood type
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What is the Precipitan test
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A test that tells if it's human or animal blood
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What's the purpose of the Luminol Test
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The purpose is to indicate if there is blood stain on the material. If there's blood, it lights up. This test has to be done in a dark room or dark area.
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What causes the Luminol test to be effective
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Iron in hemoglobin (a blood protein) participates in this reaction
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What blood enzymes are present?
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PGM is one of that is present
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What is an Enzyme
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Are proteins that have important functions in regulating many of the body's Chemical reactions. This protein acts as a catalyst for certain specific reactions.
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What are red blood cell
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transport oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and intern removes carbon dioxide from tissues by transporting it back to the lungs where it is exhale.
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What are Platelets
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It causes the blood to clot so that you don't bleed to death.
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What is a nonporus surface
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It's a surface that doesn't absorb
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How does the blood spatter appear on hard nonporus surfaces
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It's going to sit or run and it's not going to absorb
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RFLP
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Has to do with the DNA - Requires fresh blood
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What are specific proteins produced by a cell are directly related to
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DNA
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Thermal Cycler use in DNA
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An instrument that automate the rapid and precise temperature changes required to copy a DNA strand. Within a matter of hours DNA can be multiplied a million fold.
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Thermal Cycler (PCR) Polymerase Chain Reaction use in DNA
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A technique for replicating or coping a portion of a DNA strand outside a living cell. This technique leads to millions of copies of the DNA strand.
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mtDNA & DNA
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mt=means mother type as oppose to Father
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what is southern blotting
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is the transfer process of the dna fragments to an nylon membrane
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Hybridization
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The process of joining 2 complimentary strands of dna to form a double stranded molecule
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Tandem Repeat
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region of a chromosone that contains multiply copies of a core dna sequence that are arranged in a repeating fashion.
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RFLP = Ristriction fragment length Polymorphisms
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diferent fragment lenght of base pairs that result from cutting a dna molecure with restriction enzymes
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What is Electrophoresis
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It's a technique for seperating molocules through their migration on a support meduim while under the influence of an electrical potential.
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Replication
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A duplication process for DNA
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What are the characterstics of DNA
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It's a polymer moleclure
Made up of repeating units of smaller moleclures called neuclear tides. ================ Neuclear tides are then made up of sugar and phosphate and also a variable part called nytrogen base |
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What are tbe building blocks of dna
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Neuclear tides
A T C G Page 383 & 384 |
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Base Pairing in DNA
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A-T
C-G interms of connections |
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STR - Short-term Tandem Repeats
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They are locations on the chromosones that contains short sequence elements that repeat their self within the DNA molecule. It consist of 3-7 repeating base pair
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Amelogenin Gene
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A genetic locus usefule for determining gender located on both Y and X chromosome
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Ristriction Enzymes
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Cut up chromosomes into hundredths of fragments during RFLP typing.
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Like sizzors to cut the DNA Enzyems
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Who started finger printing
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Francis Gallton
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Who is Will West
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The second imate that came with identical measurements, name, and photos of another imate. Finger printing was used to distingues between the two
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AFIS - Automated Fingerprinting Identification Sytems
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It uses automatic scanning devices that convert the image of a finger print into digital minutiae or miniture or small that contain data showing ridges at their points of termination (ridge endings) and the branches of ridges into two ridges (bifurcation)
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PSA(p30)- Prostate specific antigene
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To test if there is semen is present...like luminol is to test if there's blood present
====== If there's a formation of a visable line midway between the electropheresis weels than you know semen is present |
associated with semen
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Laten Fingerprint
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A fingerprint made by the deposit of oils and/or perspiration. It is invisible to the naked eye.
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Loop
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A class of fingerprints characterized by ridge lines that enter from one side of the pattern and curve around to exit from the same side of the pattern
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Whorl
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A class of finger prints that includes ridge patterns that are generally rounded or circular in shape and have two deltas
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Arch
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A class of fingerprints characterized by ridge lines that enter the print from one side and flow aout the other side.
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where are pores of sweat glands located on the fingers
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located on top of the ridge island which is located on top of the epidemis
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Which insect would arrive first on dead body
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Calliphora (a type of fly)
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Number of deltas in fingerprints
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12
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How to permanently damage fingerprints
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(need to research)
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sublimation
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A physical change from the solid directly into the gaseous state
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